01. Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco - UFRPE (Sede)
URI permanente desta comunidadehttps://arandu.ufrpe.br/handle/123456789/1
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Resultados da Pesquisa
Item Madeiras nativas para a fabricação da rabeca nordestina: descrição dos processos mecânicos das madeiras envolvidas na produção e seu impacto na manifestação cultural cavalo marinho(2024-02-06) Silva, Lais Deosdede da; Nogueira, Marcelo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3921855854247393This course conclusion work aims to document the mechanical processes of unfolding wood from native species used as raw material in the artesanal construction of fiddles and the impact of the instrument on the manifest popular culture of Cavalo Marinho. Research carried out by public bodies, scientific articles, books, reports, theses and dissertations produced that cover the description of the rabeca making process by craftsman Zé de Nininha, resident in Ferreiros City, Zona da Mata North Of t Pernambuco State, in addition to bibliographies that detail the native woods used, where the objective is to understand the relevance and social impact caused by the use of said artefact in the manifestation of the State's popular culture known as Cavalo Marinho. Additionally, singularities were identified in the carving procedures used by the crafstman, strictly related to the type of wood available in the region. Some tree species are valued due to the physical and mechanical properties of the wood that directly affect the acoustic characteristics and fiddle-making techniques. The production of this instrument is passed from master to apprentice, from the choice of wood within ideal parameters to the final carving and tuning adjustments. Through a bibliographical survey of the mechanical processes for splitting native wood, and the identification of the forest species used in the manufacture of this instrument, it was possible to provide information for future research, mainly in the area of Technology and Use of Forest Products and valorization of popular knowledge.Item Compilação de espécies arbóreas reófitas ocasionais com potencial para recuperação de ecossistemas das terras baixas e aluviais da Mata Atlântica em Pernambuco(2023-04-17) Lacerda, Samiah de Souza; Lima, Tarcísio Viana de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0814281560377954; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2524737469801563El proceso de urbanización y expansión territorial a lo largo del tiempo está asociado a una explotación desenfrenada e imprudente de los recursos naturales, causando diversos impactos ambientales que, a su vez, afectaron y afectan directamente la biodiversidad. Por este motivo, se vuelve indispensable la intervención mediante la revegetación en los lugares en los que hubo supresión del bosque nativo, con miras a recuperar su estado de equilibrio, como en la Mata Atlántica, dominio fitogeográfico brasileño comprobadamente más afectado, con una extensión territorial remanente alrededor del 12,4% de su cobertura original. Entre las áreas de la Mata Atlántica con mayor vulnerabilidad a las acciones antrópicas, se encuentran los ambientes hidromórficos, cuyas coberturas vegetales son susceptibles a las influencias directas e indirectas de los recursos hídricos. Frente su fragilidad, las alteraciones inducidas por el hombre y a las necesidades típicas de las especies vegetales de esas áreas, es indispensable conocer las principales características ecobotánicas identificadas y descritas sobre los grupos taxonómicos reófitos remanentes encontrados en las Tierras Bajas y Aluviales en el estado de Pernambuco, que puedes ajustarse y adaptarse a las características intrínsecas actuales de estos ambientes periódicamente inundados. Por este motivo, fue realizado levantamientos y análisis de trabajos relacionados con el tema, compilando informaciones encontradas sobre las especies forestales reofitas ocasionales encontradas en las Tierras Bajas y Aluviales de la Mata Atlántica en el estado de Pernambuco, que pueden ser utilizadas como documento guía en trabajos de recuperación y/o enriquecimiento en tales formaciones forestales. Con este trabajo se pudo resaltar la importancia de la fauna para la recuperación y posterior equilibrio de las áreas degradadas o perturbadas, vista su importancia para los eventos de polinización y dispersión de los frutos y semillas. También, se nota la necesidad de incentivar trabajos que estudien la fenología de tales especies en el estado de Pernambuco, a fin de facilitar la colecta de semillas, además de sus necesidades nutricionales, para producción de plántulas adaptadas y vigorosas. Por ese motivo, el estudio de esas especies es fundamental para superar uno de los principales obstáculos de los trabajos de recuperación en áreas perturbadas y/o degradadas: la falta de informaciones.Item Uso de espécies florestais na fitorremediação do solo contaminado por cádmio(2019-07-17) Veloso, Aline da Silva; Marangon, Luiz Carlos; Silva, Fernando Bruno Vieira da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4818569008052606; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6130999923981614; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1011075155653039Cadmium (Cd) contamination of soils represents a potential risk to human and environmental health. The use of forest species as a metal phytoremediator can be an economically and ecologically sustainable choice when associated with silicate fertilization, which will alleviate metal toxicity to plants. In this sense, the study aimed to evaluate: the tolerance of two forest species (Casearia sylvestris Swartz and Machaerium aculeatum Raddi) cultivated in a soil contaminated by Cd and submitted to silicate adduction; bioaccumulation and distribution of Cd and Si, as well as changes in plant nutritional status. The experiment will be carried out in a greenhouse in a completely randomized design in a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement (two forest species: M. aculeatum and C. sylvestris; combined with 0.0 and 200.0 mg kg-1 Si). with three repetitions. The soil used in the experiment was collected at a depth of 0.0 - 0.2 m and characterized chemically and physically. The soils were weighed 9 kg for each pot. Soil contamination was induced with CdCl2.H2O above 10.0 mg kg. Subsequently, they were treated with Si as calcium silicate and then a seedling of each species was transplanted to each pot. The experiment was collected after four months of transplantation. The seedlings were collected and separated in shoots and roots; soil samples were also collected. Soils and plants were extracted and the contents of Cd and Si were determined; In the vegetal tissues the contents of N, P, K, Ca and Mg were determined. The results were submitted to descriptive statistical analysis, ANOVA (one way p <0.05) and Tukey test (p <0.05). The results showed that M. aculeatum presented better tolerance to Cd and when associated with Si obtained higher root biomass and better nutritional status, as well as Si influenced the translocation of Cd to shoot. Although Cd bioaccumulation was more significant in C. syvestris, its development was affected by biomass loss and poorer nutritional status. The distribution of Cd in both species presented the highest concentration in the root. Evaluating the best yield and biomass results, tolerance and nutritional status, M.aculeatum demonstrated potential as a phytostabilizer of cadmium contaminated soil.Item Diagnóstico dos viveiros florestais do estado de Pernambuco(2023-04-26) Silva, Mylena Raiza dos Santos; Freitas, Eliane Cristina Sampaio de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7525975084334972; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4717057526135120Faced with so many commitments and ambitious environmental goals signed, the Forest Restoration sector will require a large amount of seedlings and seeds of native tree species, requiring a great deal of prior planning. This objective work generates a qualitative and quantitative diagnosis of nurseries in the state of Pernambuco, aiming to obtain the current production capacity and diversity of seedlings of forest species. For this reason, 110 nurseries were listed for the application of a structured questionnaire, of which only 44 responded to the questionnaire by telephone call or electronic form. The questionnaire was divided into 6 blocks of questions, namely: BLOCK I – Consent to the interview; BLOCK II – Identification of the nursery and owner; BLOCK III – Production of seedlings; BLOCK IV – Socioeconomic Characterization; BLOCK V – Regulation and BLOCK VI – Contact with other nurseries. In addition, the interviewees sent a list of species that are produced in their nurseries to determine the diversity produced. All data were tabulated and analyzed using Google spreadsheet and Microsoft Excel 2010. To prepare the distribution map of the nurseries participating in the research, QGIS 3.10.11 was used. The forest nurseries in Pernambuco are distributed throughout the state, with the majority in the Sertão and Agreste, where they produce 180 native species and 141 exotic species, with an average diversity of 17 native species. For large nurseries, there was no direct influence between productive capacity and diversity of native species. Seed collection is mainly done in natural forests and seed quality is a challenge for nurserymen. Furthermore, there is a large gender gap in the sector, with most nurseries being male-owned and few female employees working in them. Most nurseries have between 1 and 5 workers, and the presence of Agricultural Engineers is more common than that of Forestry Engineers in nurseries registered with Renasem. And finally, although most nurseries are not registered with Renasem, this does not necessarily imply irregularity due to the existing exceptions.Item CRISPR-Cas9 no setor florestal: uma abordagem cienciométrica(2021-12-09) Braz, Luísa Silva; Gallo, Ricardo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5160912065817980; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2573015676942351CRISPR-Cas9 is a genetic editing technique that works like a pair of scissors, adding new information to the DNA after “cutting” it into a small, previously programmed part. This technological innovation brings great potential for the genetic improvement of plants, as it has a low cost and is simple to implement, when compared to other biotechnological techniques. Therefore, this work aimed to carry out a scientometric survey of research on CRISPR-Cas9 applied in the forest sector. Using the bibliometric method, the term “CRISPR-Cas9” combined with the following words was searched in the Web of Science and Scopus databases: "plant breeding", "tree", "forestry", "tree breeding"; “forest”. The articles obtained were analyzed on bibliometrix, generating data for scientometric analysis. A huge growth in the number of publications on the topic was observed, as of 2014. It was also found that 10 journals form the core of publications on the topic, according to Bradford's Law; and that the main publishers are: International Journal of Molecular Science, Frontiers in Plant Science and Plant Biotechnology Journal. The magazines with the greatest impact were: Plant Biotechnology Journal and Nature Communications. The most prominent authors were: Zhang Y, with 24 articles published, Li Y, with 19, Wang Y, with 17, Wang X, with 15 and Liu Y, with 11. In the analysis of Lotka's Law, we could see that 79 .3% of authors wrote only 1 article each on this topic, while few authors had a high number of publications. The survey also provided the researchers' affiliations. The University of California, South China Agricultural University, and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences are standind out with a high number of publications. The theme is being researched mainly in institutions in the United States and Asia, with research being carried out in Brazil. The words (Keywords Plus): "gene editing", "genetics", "plant breeding", "article" and "nonhuman" were the most cited in the articles, as for the keywords of the authors of the articles: tomato, potato, rice , Populus and Bombyx mori L., presented high frequency. Research involving CRISPR-Cas9 in forestry production is still in its beginning, noting that species of the genus Populus stood out in several studies, however it is possible to observe a considerable advance for agricultural crops, such as rice, tomatoes and potatoes. Forest species are still in the initial stages of using this technique, but they have great potential for improvement in clones and hybrids of species of commercial interest.