01. Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco - UFRPE (Sede)
URI permanente desta comunidadehttps://arandu.ufrpe.br/handle/123456789/1
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2 resultados
Resultados da Pesquisa
Item Uma análise histórica da mulher na agricultura familiar e sua relevância para preservação da biodiversidade genética e ecológica(2024-03-05) Silva, Jenifer Carla Borges da; Freitas, Nara Suzy Aguiar de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6891650997818766; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0352343973672028Family farming, essential for food security and sustained by ancestral practices, is marked by the fundamental role of women in the conservation of genetic diversity and the cultivation of traditional varieties. These varieties are vital for the resilience of ecosystems against environmental challenges, but are threatened by modern agriculture and genetic erosion. Therefore, this research aims to analyze the female contribution to family farming and its impact on biodiversity conservation. Using a meta-analysis methodology, the research examines 60 scientific publications, including articles, dissertations, theses, and final papers, to identify trends and gaps in knowledge. Approximately 80% of the studies analyzed include specific information about gender, with 18% focusing specifically on women, reflecting the national reality of female participation in agriculture. Correlation analyses and chi-square tests were applied to investigate the relationship between gender and the use of agrochemicals and organic practices, finding no statistically significant associations. Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA) was employed to explore the relationships between seed varieties, methods of acquisition, and geographical locations of farming families in Brazil. The results reveal systemic barriers faced by female farmers, such as limited access to financial resources and agricultural credit. The study also highlights seed selection based on immediate characteristics, the cultural importance of seeds, and the need for supportive policies for family farming. A crucial aspect is the ongoing genetic segregation of Creole seeds, which allows them to adapt to environmental changes and resistance to pests and diseases, although it may result in inconsistencies in production. The artificial selection of Creole seeds by farmers can lead to the loss of valuable genes, underscoring the urgency of expanding the presence of specialized technicians. Family farming in Brazil is revealed in a complex manner, influenced by historical, cultural, and environmental factors.Item Divergência genética de castanha-do-brasil (Bertholletia excelsa Humb. & Bonpl.) considerando variáveis biométricas de sementes(2021-02-23) Nascimento, Débora Assunção do; Gallo, Ricardo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5160912065817980; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0763187932321938Studies have shown that with the increase in deforestation, exploitation, and excessive collection in areas of native forests where the populations of the chestnut trees of Bertholletia excelsa would meet, they may cause the disappearance of this species in its natural habitat. Therefore, it is of utmost importance to develop research aimed at factors that can influence the quality and germinative potential of seeds, fruit production and the variability of individual production in different matrix trees, in order to define the areas of seed collections with the intention Brazil nuts may be introduced in commercial plantations in the future. The present study aimed to verify the genetic divergence between genotypes of Bertholletia excelsa in three different origins in the Northern Region of Mato Grosso, Amazonian Forest, Brazil, based on the biometric characteristics of the seeds. The fruits and seeds of Bertholletia excelsa were collected in the municipality of Paranaíta, MT. A total of 1,515 seeds were evaluated for length, width, and thickness with the aid of a digital caliper and the width, thickness and total area of seeds were also evaluated with the ImageJ® Software. After obtaining the data, analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed, and then the averages of the analyzed characteristics were grouped and compared by the Scott-Knott test at 5% probability. Pearson's linear correlation coefficient (r) was calculated using correlation data (Pachymeter x ImageJ). The mean Euclidean distance, cluster analysis using the method (UPGMA), and canonical variables (VC) were generated to obtain the dissimilarity measures. This study obtained results in which it was possible to verify a wide phenotypic variation, mainly for thickness characteristic in the digital caliper. It is also evident that digital image processing is a great tool to verify the existence of genetic divergence in seeds for selection of matrix trees. Thus, the species under study has excellent qualities to be used as a seed collection area, as well as in genetic breeding programs for non-wood forest products.