TCC - Bacharelado em Ciências Econômicas (Sede)
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Item Patrimonialismo e clientelismo no Brasil: evidências e perspectivas no contexto da Operação Lava Jato(2018) França, Eduardo Gonçalves de; Maia Filho, Luiz Flávio Arreguy; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2508376486299377The goal of this work is to know better the relationship between the public and private sectors, which can be traced since the formation of Brazil. To do it, bibliographical references that exposed these relations from the colony to the present Brazil were used. The problematic consequences of patrimonialism, clientelism and rent-seeking were studied, culminating in the Operation Car Wash, which operated by overthrowing relations between large businessmen and Brazilian politicians that were involved in corruption. The conclusion shows that the relationship between the public and the private sectors has existed in Brazil since its formation, and despite several problems and several attempts to solve them, there is no indication that the scenary of mutual and conflicting favoring between the sectors public and private will end in a near future.Item Escolha lacacional dos serviços de saúde: evidências para Recife(2018) Silva, José Matheus Lira da; Coelho Júnior, Álvaro Furtado; Rocha, Roberta de Moraes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1129247214452992; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1248468009730949; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3050849380937461Motivated by the logic of relevance that the health care services sector has in the population of the city of Recife, this monograph aims to analyze the spatial distribution of this sector along the territory belonging to that city. The RAIS-MTE microdata are used as the main data source, based on the years 2006 and 2010. From this perspective, the decisions of locational choice based on local amenities are analyzed. Therefore, socioeconomic factors and accessibility factors are used as local amenities and it is assumed that the establishments of this private financing sector determine their locational choices with spatial selectivity. In this sense, a cataloging of the types of health care services according to the financing, level of technical incorporation, levels of performance and size is carried out. Therefore, positive evidence is gathered about the influence of local amenities on the decision of locational choice of these establishments.Item O efeito do programa minha casa minha vida sobre o acesso aos serviços públicos: saúde, educação, segurança e áreas de lazer no município de Serra Talhada - PE(2018) Lima, José Victor Souza de; Duarte, Gisléia Benini; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6349616407324519; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2453464918152404This study aims to verify the effect of the My Home My Life Program on access to public services, using the randomization method in the municipality of Serra TalhadaPE. The data of this study are primary, obtained by means of on-site research, interviewed beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries of the program. For the estimation of the results, simple regression was used to analyze the respective effects between the treatment and control groups. It was possible to identify that the families benefited by the program suffer from a shortage in relation to the public services that should be offered to families. The analysis results for the PMCMV in Serra Talhada, point to a reality coming from the housing programs applied in the interior. That is, the housing units are located far from the central regions, resulting in this difficult access to the public services that should be offered to the dwellers of public housing.Item Perfil educacional da mão de obra do Estado de Pernambuco: como ocorre a absorção do capital humano nos setores da economia de Pernambuco no período de 2006-2016(2018) Silva, Larissa Araújo da; Coelho Júnior, Álvaro Furtado; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1248468009730949The Theory of Human Capital was formalized in 1961 by Theodore W. Schultz, the term human capital was used by Shultz for the first time in publishing the paper Investment in Human Capital, thus recognizing the skills and knowledge acquired by an individual as a form of capital. With the end of Second Great World War, nations are focused on economic growth and development. Education is understood as an important element in achieving this goal. But even without its formalization this important factor was already perceived by several scholars, for example Adam Smith was already recognized in his work The Wealth of Nations published in 1776. The concept of human capital was being perfected with the development of specific economic theory. Studies such as that of Pereira (2008), analyze the importance of the level of schooling of workers for the economic growth of the Northern region of Brazil, arriving at the conclusion that an average increase in the years of schooling tends to reduce the differential in the distribution of income among the inhabitants. To contribute to this debate, this paper aims to present the educational profile, according to the level of education of the workers, absorbed by the economic sectors in the state of Pernambuco over a decade. To do that, we use the RAIS data that quantify the level of schooling, absorption of schooling in the various sectors and information on average remuneration for each level of education for the years 2006, 2010 and 2016. Based on the used data, that the theoretical evidences occur in the context of the state of Pernambuco. It is observed that there is a change in the absorption of the educational level during the analyzed period. It has also been concluded that there are wage increases when there is a higher level of schooling.Item Criminalidade e desempenho econômico: uma análise em séries temporais para a Região Metropolitana do Recife(2018) Silva Junior, Ivanildo Batista da; Silva, Diego Firmino Costa da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8895265465747877; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7725162413337027Item Relação entre os desvios dos recursos federais para a educação e os indicadores educacionais: o que os dados têm a dizer?(2018) Pontes, Thais Melyssa; Abreu, Eliane Aparecida Pereira de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3101422198167935; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8528034094307704This paper commits itself to measure the impact of the corruption of educational resources on educational indicators. For this, this test was used of all the CGU inspection reports carried out in the municipalities of Pernambuco from 2006 to 2015 in the educational sphere.With regard to educational indicators, the following were used: Ideb (Basic Education Development Index) of the 5th and 9th year of elementary school, School Abandonment in High School and School Abandonment in Elementary School; to substantiate the relationship were added some economic data: the average of Per capita GDP, average Per Capita Expenditures, average of Transfers of Per Capita Resources.At first, a descriptive analysis was done, followed by a multiple regression model, with educational indicators as dependent variables and the other variables as independent variables. As a result, based on the IDEB and the Abandonment Rate, there is a direct relationship between these educational indicators and the corruption index.Item Exposição à violência e desempenho escolar: um estudo sobre os estudantes do ensino fundamental na rede pública no Recife(2018) Rocha Júnior, Luciano Gomes da; Silva, Diego Firmino Costa da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8895265465747877; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5275206790185119Peace Global Index ranks countries according a peacefulness index. In 2018 issue, from selected countries, Iceland leaders the list as most peaceful country amongst all countries 163 listed, Syria comes last. Brasil is 106th, just after Lesotho and Uzbequisthan. Recife, a northeastern city on brazilian coast, is tha 22nd most violent city in the world, with a mark of 54.96 homicide per 100,000 habitants.The worry with violence rate leads to debates envolving several concerned social actors and stakeholders, but questions as how habitants are affeted are most popular questions. In this paper, the question is precisely how are Recife teenagers affected in their school performance due to violence exposure in their home and school enviroments. Ordinary least squares methodology is applied over a Fundação Joaquim Nabuco data base that covers students in public schools in Recife, Brazil.Item Mercado de trabalho: reforma trabalhista sob a perspectiva de gênero(2019) Miranda, Gleyce Kelly de; Coelho Júnior, Álvaro Furtado; Oliveira, Sónia Maria Fonseca Pereira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9795791528582607; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1248468009730949; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5289015610834938n recent years, the dynamics of the Brazilian economy has been quite diverse and directly reflected in the behavior of the labor market. In this scenario, the regulatory system that regulates labor relations in the country underwent a series of transformations in order to meet the needs of the market, especially as of November 2017, with the approval of Law 13.467/2017. In this perspective, the purpose of this work is to analyze the dynamics of the Brazilian labor market, investigating signs of precarious labor relations in the recent period with the advent of the labor reform of 2017, from the perspective of gender. The analyses are methodologically based on data from the Continuous PNAD, the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics, and the CAGED, the Ministry of Economy, and address the behavior and evolution of indicators such as unemployment rate, underutilization and underoccupation of the workforce, the occupational segregation of the labor market, the new work modalities, the existing disparities between income from work, and the levels of employment and unemployment, by gender, in the period 2014.1 to 2019.2 Making it possible to make comparisons of labor market behaviour before and after retirement. The results show that despite the slow recovery of the labor market, it has deteriorated, and also show that the effects for women are more adverse, corroborating the central idea of the research that the flexibilisation of labour relations is indicative of the progress of precariousness, especially for women.Item FINTECHS: um novo paradigma para os serviços financeiros(2019) Araujo, Adams Matos de; Coelho Júnior, Álvaro Furtado; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1248468009730949Banking services have undergone profound transformations, driven by the digital inclusion of the population and by innovation in the financial market. Faced with this scenario came the Fintechs, startups that act exclusively offering financial products and services. Fintechs use digital technologies and associated tools to provide financial services to consumers and businesses. Its solutions deliver three key results: ease of use, faster service delivery, and more affordable cost. Analyzing these variations in banking services is fundamental to understanding the new market dynamics. It should be noted the recent regulation by the Brazilian authorities regarding the performance of Fintechs in Brazil and what criteria should be obeyed for action in the financial market. What we can observe with this work was the great expansion of Internet access togetherwith the growth of the digital banking market with the emergence of Fintechs.Item Diferenciais de salário e discriminação por sexo no mercado de trabalho em Pernambuco - 2017(2019) Lima, Vitória Roberta Martins de Melo Galindo de; Abreu, Eliane Aparecida Pereira de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3101422198167935; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3083257187748186In face of the problem of inequality between men and women in the labor market, this study proposes to analyze wage differentials by sex in Pernambuco in 2017 in order to distinguish the parts that can be attributed to differences of qualifications and to the discrimination. For this, the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) method is used to estimate income equations based on the Mincer equation for both sexes and the Oaxaca decomposition in the measurement of discrimination. The mentioned procedures were carried out from the microdata bank of the Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios Contínua (PNADC) available for 2017. As main result, in the state, for that year, women earned less than they should and discrimination in the labor market cannot be denied as cause.Item Análise econômica do setor sucroalcooleiro de Pernambuco e São Paulo entre 1990 e 2018(2019) Jucá, Bruno Chaves; Silva Filho, Guerino Edécio da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2977795200183918This paper is a result of a comparative study of annual field productivies (tons/hectare) of sugarcane plantations in the Brazilian states of Pernambuco and São Paulo, andthusidentifying what micro and macroeconomic variables affect these yields. For the present study, the statistical analyses, the interstate gap of productivity and identification ofthevariables responsible for the differences between these states, were the main scope of this study. The genesis of competition between the main producing states of sugarcane in Brazil, Pernambuco and São Paulo, was historically contextualized and how this process developed until the present time and what are the main problems seen by the NewInstitutionalEconomics. Additionally, the consequences of the influence of interventionist policies of the Brazilian government in this process was identified. A holistic diagnosis was presented that can serve the sugar cane sector of Pernambuco that allows for accuracy in the mitigation of the causes of deficiency of rural productivity, detailing the variables that cause productivity gaps.Item Ancoragem de preço: uma investigação econômico-comportamental sobre efeito ancoragem no uso do aplicativo menor preço em Pernambuco(2019) Silva, Gabriel Fernando Candido da; Maia Filho, Luiz Flávio Arreguy; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2508376486299377; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5814642766143449Item A evolução do agronegócio brasileiro no período de 2010 a 2018(2019) Câmara, Rodrigo Dornelas; Souto, Keynis Cândido de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0393274407907348From 2010 to 2018, there were political, economic and climatic crises that impacted the country's growth and agribusiness. In this context, the main objective of this paper is to analyze the behavior of agribusiness during this period with emphasis on the participation of GDP-Agro in GDP-BR; the participation of the agribusiness trade balancein the Brazilian BC; and the labor market behavior of the sector in relation to Brazil. Secondary data were obtained from public and private agencies, available on their websites and from scientific articles already published and available in libraries. The results show that in 2016, agribusiness accounted for 19.06% of Gross Domestic Product, had 43% of the Trade Balance and its share of the Labor Market was 20.86%. In 2018, agribusiness was responsible for 21.14% of Gross Domestic Product (GDP), with a reduction in the balance of trade, reaching 42.4%, and also a reduction in its participation in the Labor Market for 19.55%. The results allow us to conclude that, despite the crises and climate factors that plagued agribusiness in this period, the sector had an improvement in its share of GDP, and its share of the labor market and trade balance had a slight reduction, but it was not. Big impact. Therefore it can be considered that during the study period, agribusiness remained stable, considering the data analyzed.Item Estratégias de sucesso em sites de financiamento coletivo(2019) Lyra, Luiz Guilherme Carriço Villachan; Xavier, Leonardo Ferraz; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6143161358329055The constant and accelerated technological evolution has drastically changed the human society, both in its knowledge, in its means of production and its social relations. The evolution of microcomputing and the advent of the Internet contributed to the birth of the so-called Network Society era, in which information transmission and communication are instantaneous and completely independent of geographical distances. One of the facets of human socialization affected by the Network Society is solidarity, which has taken a new form in crowdfunding sites. Thus, the present work focuses on the theme: “Success Strategies on Collective Financing Websites.” The aim of this paper is to understand the variables involved in successful crowdfunding campaigning. To this end, an exploratory research based on a literature review was conducted while applying a questionnaire on crowdfunding on the Survey Monkey research site. It concluded that a research contributes to the crowdfunding theme due to literature review and research.Item O papel das ferrovias no crescimento econômico do Brasil(2019) Carvalho, Denys Nunes; Coelho Júnior, Álvaro Furtado; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1248468009730949; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9977572018477403Productive chains from the most diverse sectors need to operate with efficient logistics to compete in the global and national market. Transport infrastructure is a tool for competitiveness and, in this sense, the rail mode has represented the best option in terms of the volume of cargo transported over great distances, and is responsible, for the most part, for the transportation of ores, which 77% of the total transported in 2018. They also accounted for 47% of the country's growing agricultural crops, which now represent a significant part of the national GDP. Railways also represent an alternative of high reliability because they present a decrease in the accident rates, not to mention that they do not congestion, they are more economical and much less polluting. In Brazil, there is still little rail link between cities, and then have to subject the prices of products to freight costs to trucks, including fuel, whose supply has been affected by the absence of more modalities. In this work, the importance of railways and their economic characteristics in the postconcessions period is verified, seeking to determine if their participation in the logistics scenario from 1998 onwards represents a vehicle for economic transformation, and plays a relevant role in the composition of the matrix of Brazilian transport.Item Análise das disparidades nos indicadores educacionais municipais de Pernambuco: uma análise de aglomerados(2019) Silva, Joed Freire Pereira da; Soares, Ana Paula Amazonas; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0216127558312955This paperis an exploratory and analytical studyabout educational indicatorsdisparities and the introduction of socioeconomic indicators, both models formunicipalities of the State Pernambuco, Brazil. The objective is to verify the distribution of the indicators in the territoryof Pernambuco, linking them togeographical space, and then introducing the socioeconomic indicators. Therefore, the changes could be pointing out the municipalities that need more attention and, in addition, to identify the formation of groups with similar characteristics. For this, the technique known ascluster analysis was used. With Ward Distance Agglomerative Hierarchical Process three estimates were made introducing new information gradually and verifying the formation dynamics of the groups. The technique clearly identified the regional distributionof learning and quality of life indicators in the state. The results showed that income does not fully explain the best learning outcomes. Similarly, resources redistributed to education through FUNDEB were not sufficient to determine better educational indicators. Regarding the clusters, it was observed that although the formation of groups of municipalities that are homogeneous and spatially neighboring occurs, similarity also occurs regardless of proximity. Finally, we tried to highlight some limitations of the technique used.Item Pernambuco e o comércio exterior: uma análise da abertura comercial no período de 2008 a 2018(2019) Silva, Dyrlene Merley da; Coelho Júnior, Álvaro Furtado; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1248468009730949; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8481814635433792It is known that a greater variety of products and the expansion of destinations forthe exports of Pernambuco can improve its performance and help the state to enter the international market. Thus, the present study aims to characterize and analyze the composition and structure of the Pernambuco exports, as well as to identify the products that have the highest export potential in the state. These indicators could assist policy makers in decision making in order to improve the state trade performance with other countries.Oursdata are from the Ministry of Industry, Foreign Trade and Services (MDIC), State Planning and Research Agency of Pernambuco(CONDEPE-FIDEM) and Central Bank of Brazil(BACEN),we used those data to estimate and verify the behavior of Revealed Comparative Advantage Indices (IVCR), Intra-industry Trade Indices (CII), Intra-Industry Trade Aggregate (CIIA), Index of Concentration by Destination Countries (ICD) and Indicators of Concentration of Exports (ICP), to the state. As well as the degree of commercial openness.Item Mercado de trabalho brasileiro: um olhar sobre a reforma trabalhista e tendências à precarização laboral(2019) Oliveira, Twanny Emmanuelly Gomes de; Gomes, Sónia Maria Fonseca Pereira Oliveira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9795791528582607; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1004688459755776The legislation responsible for the organization of the Brazilian labor relations system has been suffered, over the years, a series of modifications with the aim of adapting the standards to the needs in vogue in the market. The most recent of those is the law nº 13.467/2017, effective since November 11, 2017 It's responsible for changing about 10% of the existing standards in the consolidation of labourite laws (CLT). The effects of the new law aren't still well known by scholars in the area, once, besides the short interval of time for the actual measurement of the possible results, Brazil has been undergone successive crises in all spheres, mainly, in economics politics. Therefore, the following study looked for investigate indications of precariousness in work relations, confronting them with the possible results of the 2017 reform. Encouraged, for this reason, the discussion, of form to analyze the modifications suffered by CLT, seeking to understand the dimensions of these modifications, by means of journalistic and academic rescue, evidencing a new economic and social context of the work market, as well as the recent data for the new contracting modalities, intermittent and part-time, created by the current reform. For this purpose, a narrative review methodology is used, mainly with regard to the theoretical basis, accompanied by a descriptive analysis of a series of indicators on the labor market, based on indicators from three main sources, namely Employees and Unemployed - CAGED, Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics - IBGE and Institute of Applied Economic Research - IPEA. The analysis shows an increase in the proportion of unemployed per working time, an increase in underemployment rates and underutilization of the workforce, a decrease in first-time employment and an increase in informality between the periods of 2012.1 and 2018.3. For intermittent and part-time contracts, the scenario is low in hiring, low wages, an increase in the number of under-age employees, as well as little or no need for specialization in the number of vacancies generated. The results show that there are indications that the jobs generated after the mentioned reform did not contribute positively to the already precarious scenario in the country. However, it is necessary to recognize the possibility of worsening the current situation, in addition to the Labor Reform, given the uncertainties of the Brazilian market arising from the aforementioned crises. The results show that there are indications that the jobs created after the reform did not contribute positively to the precarious scenario that exists today in the country. However, is necessary to recognize the possibility of worsening the current situation, in addition to the labor reform, given the uncertainties of the Brazilian market arising from the aforementioned crises.Item Formalismo versus intuição: a presença de fatores comportamentais na concessão de crédito a clientes(2019) Souza, Luciely Luiza de; Maia Filho, Luiz Flávio Arreguy; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2508376486299377This paper aims to study and propose improvements to the credit analysis and policies in small companies, considering behavioral aspects and their possible influences, to guide the search for balance between formalism and intuition. The method used is qualitative, using semi-structured interview in a case study based on a merchandising company located in the metropolitan region of Recife. Apparent susceptibilities to specific cognitive biases were identified in the analysis and credit granting processes, which could significantly impact the company's decision making. Accordingly, a number of proposals for improvements in the company practices were suggested.Item O processo de decisão em investimento em capital humano: o caso dos alunos de instituições de ensino superior na Região Metropolitana do Recife(2019) Silva, José Pedro Caldas da; Silva Filho, Guerino Edécio da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2977795200183918La presente monografía tiene como objetivo de investigación el estudio del comportamiento de estudiantes universitarios en relación al proceso de toma de decisiones acerca de futuras inversiones en capital humano. El análisis parte desde el punto de vista microeconómico tradicional, pero seenfoca en la llamada economía del comportamiento, cuerpo de literatura que busca identificar mecanismos y sesgoscognitivos asociados al proceso decisivo de los seres humanos. Para la realización de este trabajo fueron utilizadas como referencia la contribución de diferentes autores que tratan de asuntos relacionados al comportamiento humano referenteal proceso de toma de decisiones. Así, este trabajo tuvo como objetivo general, identificar los motivos que tienden a influenciar a los estudiantes universitarios de la UFRPE en este proceso, en relación a sus futuras inversiones en capital humano.Los objetivos específicos son los siguientes: Identificar qué elementos comportamentales pueden causar interferencias en sus decisiones de inversión decapital humano, verificar como los sesgoscomportamentales interfieren en esta tomade decisión, sugerir toma de decisiones más seguras. Con este objetivo fue aplicado un cuestionario a estudiantes universitarios con la intención de medir la percepción delos mesmos con relación a cuáles ámbitos de sus vidas tendrían impactos más grandes en su decisión de invertir en capital humano. Fueron hechos análisis de las respuestas, evaluando y medindo susgradosde importancia desde el punto de vista de concordancia o discordancia, mostrando así el porcentaje de respuestas para cada pregunta.
