Bacharelado em Ciências Econômicas (Sede)
URI permanente desta comunidadehttps://arandu.ufrpe.br/handle/123456789/7
Siglas das Coleções:
APP - Artigo Publicado em Periódico
TAE - Trabalho Apresentado em Evento
TCC - Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso
Navegar
128 resultados
Resultados da Pesquisa
Item Curva Ambiental de Kuznets: uma análise macroeconômica entre crescimento econômico e impacto ambiental no período de 2000 a 2020(2025-03-14) Abreu, Ian Bernard Costa de; Carneiro, Ana Cristina Guimarães; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7641686662966528O presente estudo investiga a validade da Curva Ambiental de Kuznets (CAK) por meio de uma análise macroeconômica da relação entre crescimento econômico e impacto ambiental em 161 países, no período de 2000 a 2020. Utilizando dados em painel, o modelo de Efeitos Fixos foi adotado para controlar diferenças estruturais entre os países, garantindo estimativas mais robustas. Testes econométricos, como Hausman, Breusch-Pagan e Wooldridge, foram aplicados para validar a escolha do modelo e corrigir possíveis problemas estatísticos. Os resultados indicam que, ao contrário da hipótese tradicional da CAK, a relação entre PIB per capita e emissões de CO₂ é predominantemente positiva no período analisado, sem evidências claras de um ponto de inflexão que represente a redução das emissões nos países mais ricos. Isso sugere que o crescimento econômico, por si só, pode não ser suficiente para mitigar os impactos ambientais, reforçando a necessidade de políticas ambientais ativas. Esses achados contribuem para o debate sobre desenvolvimento sustentável e auxiliam na formulação de estratégias mais eficazes para a redução das emissões globais.Item O impacto do ectima contagioso na caprinovinocultura em Pernambuco: uma análise socioeconômica e comportamental da doença sob a perspectiva de Saúde Única(2025-03-20) Silva, Rafaela Cristini da Costa; Maia Filho, Luiz Flávio Arreguy; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2508376486299377; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7052266252404887Doenças zoonóticas são aquelas que podem ser transmitidas, de forma natural, de animais para humanos e se apresentam como um problema de saúde pública mundial. Além dos riscos à saúde animal e humana, as zoonoses trazem grandes impactos socioeconômicos para a sociedade como um todo. Grande parte dessas doenças acaba sendo negligenciadas nos países em desenvolvimento da África, Ásia e América Latina; uma dessas enfermidades é o ectima contagioso, uma doença viral e extremamente contagiosa que ocorre em caprinos e ovinos ao redor do globo, causando perda econômica nas regiões em que a caprinovinocultura é amplamente difundida. No Brasil, principalmente no Nordeste, a caprinovinocultura possui grande relevância econômica, sendo a fonte de renda de muitas famílias que vivem fora das grandes cidades; sendo assim, o ectima contagioso pode, a princípio, gerar grande impacto na região. Contudo, a doença segue negligenciada, tendo como principais dificuldades de enfrentamento a falta de diagnóstico e tratamento corretos, além de poucos estudos sociais e econômicos que permitam mensurar, de fato, os custos de enfrentamento à doença e os prováveis impactos socioeconômicos do ectima contagioso. Além disso, encontra-se em estágio muito inicial, em todo o Brasil, a construção de intervenções de saúde pública orientadas pela Saúde Única, abordagem que reconhece a interconexão entre a saúde humana, animal, das plantas e do meio ambiente. O presente trabalho busca levantar dados, informações e eventuais aspectos comportamentais envolvidos que possam subsidiar posteriores análises dos impactos econômicos e socioeconômicos da doença no estado de Pernambuco, bem como considerar linhas de intervenção promissoras, inspiradas na Saúde Única e na Economia Comportamental – com vistas à geração de impactos socioeconômicos positivos e a redução das perdas econômicas dessas famílias, decorrentes do ectima contagioso.Item A viabilidade econômica e os impactos socioeconômicos da expansão da energia solar no Brasil(2025-03-21) Melo, Davi Roberto de; Carneiro, Ana Cristina Guimarães; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7641686662966528Um dos maiores desafios enfrentados pela humanidade nos últimos anos é a busca por fontes de energia renováveis, que se torna cada vez mais urgente à medida que os impactos do efeito estufa se intensificam. A utilização de energia limpa e gratuita, fornecida pelo sol é algo bastante promissor, para resolver esse problema. Com objetivo de equilibrar e resgatar o nosso meio ambiente de forma emergencial, assim, as perguntas sobre viabilidade econômica e os impactos sociais da expansão desta fonte de energia veem à tona. Como primeira hipótese consideramos que, mesmo com investimento inicial, a energia solar proporciona retorno positivo, se pagando e reduzindo gastos com eletricidade, ao longo do tempo, além de gerar empregos e impulsionando o desenvolvimento regional. Para essa verificação, a pesquisa se baseia na revisão de literatura incluindo também estudos sobre programas governamentais, custos e impactos socioeconômicos. Os resultados demonstram que o investimento em energia solar não apenas se mostra viável financeiramente, mas também pode contribuir para o crescimento do país, fazendo com que seja sustentável e inclusivo, beneficiando tanto consumidores quanto a economia.Item A independência do Banco Central e a inflação: uma análise da relação entre autonomia e estabilidade de preços no Brasil(2025-02-26) Bandeira, João Pedro de Melo; Gomes, Sónia Maria Fonseca Pereira Oliveira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9795791528582607; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8227603670360507This monograph aims to test the theory of Central Bank Independence. To this end, it seeks to evaluate the possible relationships between BACEN independence and relevant economic variables, especially inflation. The main focus is to examine whether there is a relationship between greater autonomy of the monetary authority and price stability. An Ordinary Least Squares model was applied for the period between 1995 and 2024 and found signs that higher levels of turnover may be associated with higher inflation, when using turnover as a proxy for the degree of real independence. However, there does not appear to be a relationship between inflation and the Central Bank's legal independence index (BCI) for the Brazilian data, which may indicate that the institution's formal autonomy, although essential for economic predictability and the credibility of monetary policy, does not, by itself, guarantee inflation control. Another important aspect is that the Brazilian case tends to show that the stability of monetary policy and the independence of the Central Bank are relevant factors for a predictable economic environment, but insufficient to contain inflation if they are not accompanied by a responsible fiscal policy and a favorable macroeconomic context.Item Desenvolvimento econômico em discussão: o desenvolvimentismo e neodesenvolvimentismo no Brasil(2024-10-04) Raimundo, Maria Aparecida de Araújo; Freitas, Petrus Alves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1474091666288817This study examines the evolution of developmentalism and neo-developmentalism approaches in Brazil. Developmentalism, established during the Vargas era, was a strategy focused on industrialization, import substitution, and state intervention, with an emphasis on large infrastructure projects and the creation of state-owned enterprises. Neo-developmentalism, implemented during the governments of Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva and Dilma Rousseff, combined inclusive social policies, such as Bolsa Família, with the promotion of industrialization, innovation, and infrastructure, aiming to correct social inequalities and encourage sustainable economic growth. The analysis explores the similarities and differences between these two approaches, evaluating their impacts on economic growth, social inclusion, and macroeconomic challenges. The conclusion is that, while both strategies were essential for Brazil's development, they faced significant challenges, such as external resource dependency and fiscal crises.Item Análise da efetividade das medidas protetivas de urgência como política de enfrentamento à violência contra as mulheres em Pernambuco(2024-10-08) Almeida, Rejane Barbosa de; Oliveira, Isabel Cristina Pereira de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4745142041015422Urgent Protective Measures (MPU) are part of the policies adopted by the Government as a means of confronting violence against women. This study offers an analysis of the scenario of violence against women in Pernambuco in relation to Urgent Protective Measures and the impacts generated by the application of such measures. It presents an understanding of the recognition of violence against women, the implementation of Policies to Confront this type of violence and the numbers of this social problem in the State in the period from 2018 to 2023. The methodology used to prepare this study is documentary bibliography, through bibliographic review, documentary analysis, data collection and comparative analysis. Data obtained through the statistical panels of the National Council of Justice (CNJ) and the Portal of the Secretariat of Social Defense of the State of Pernambuco (SDS/PE) were used as a basis for a comparative analysis of the relationship between the number of Urgent Protective Measures and the number of occurrences of violence against women registered in subsequent years. After the analysis, it was concluded that, as a means of confronting violence against women, the MPUs are not effective, especially those that force aggressors to stay away from their victims, because they do not guarantee the aggressors' distance and, consequently, do not guarantee the women they assist that they will not be victimized by their aggressors again. Women are guaranteed the necessary assistance as victims, but the results show the need to implement stricter laws for aggressors, as well as measures that allow effective monitoring of cases that come to the attention of the government, such as through real-time monitoring of victims and aggressors, through portable monitoring devices, which would require greater investment by the Government for its implementation, but which can be considered an effective means of confronting violence against women.Item Efeitos econômicos e financeiros das perdas não-técnicas de energia elétrica da distribuidora Light: estudo de caso(2024-07-26) Nascimento, Rozyelayny; Gomes, Sónia Maria Fonseca Pereira Oliveira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9795791528582607This work presents an economic and financial analysis of the impact of non-technical losses in the electricity sector, focusing on a case study on the distributor Light S/A. Non-technical losses represent a significant challenge for distributors, being strongly influenced by socioeconomic factors. The Rio de Janeiro market was chosen due to its significant rates of energy theft and the complexity involved. Such aspects raise concerns among investors in the sector, which, despite being attractive, faces considerable challenges. To investigate this situation, a survey was carried out in relation to scientific production on the subject and a financial analysis of the accounting indicators of the distributor Light SA, a high level of debt and low capacity to honor its obligations were verified, the current situation These indicators serve as a warning to the company's investors.Item O viés da disponibilidade nas decisões de investimento dos indivíduos(2024-03-04) Brito Neto, José Heleno de; Maia Filho, Luiz Flávio Arreguy; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2508376486299377The present monograph investigates the impact of the availability bias on individuals' investment decisions, aiming to understand to what extent and by which means financial education can mitigate the adverse effects of these decisions. Initially, we retrieve concepts from behavioral economics and contextualize the situation of financial literacy in Brazil. Through a literature review, we seek to understand the role of the availability bias in investment decisions, analyzing case studies and research that address its influence in different economic contexts. Using an analytical-deductive method, we explore strategies and techniques that can be employed to minimize the negative impact of this bias, aiming to improve financial decision-making. Data collection and selection involved a systematic review of academic sources, prioritizing articles in Portuguese between 2018 and 2023. Six articles were selected, focusing on Brazilian case studies. The studies analyzed reveal that the availability bias significantly influences individuals' investment decisions, especially among the younger and less experienced. Information about the recent appreciation of financial assets, widely disseminated on social media platforms and influenced by digital influencers, has been shown to be a determining factor in investment choices. Lack of understanding of associated risks and the tendency to seek alternative assets were also highlighted as significant concerns.Item Indicadores do mercado de trabalho do Brasil e do Nordeste entre 2019.1 - 2023.2(2024-03-08) Aquino, Jadson Douglas da Cruz; Abreu, Eliane Aparecida Pereira de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3101422198167935In 2019, northeastern labor market indicators revealed a disparity in relation to Brazil, according to (Aquino; Nascimento, 2020) despite the Northeast Region representing only 23.5% of the Economically Active Population (EAP); This region was home to 40% of underemployed workers and approximately 61% of the unemployed in the country. At the beginning of 2020, restrictive measures were imposed in the country as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic; Such measures generated transformations in the job market in Brazil and the Northeast. As in the period before the pandemic, the Northeast Region had worse labor market indicators in relation to the Brazilian economy and the pandemic impacted the dynamics of the labor market in all regions, this study aims to verify the effects of the Covid pandemic- 19 on labor market indicators in the Northeast compared to Brazil. The methodology begins with a bibliographic review on the history of economic development in the Northeast, providing an understanding of how this influenced the regional job market. Secondly, an exploratory and descriptive analysis is carried out, using data from IBGE's Continuous PNAD, covering the period from the first quarter of 2019 to the second quarter of 2023. The results indicate that the job market in the Northeast was most affected due to the initial shock resulting from the pandemic compared to the national average.Item “O crime compensa?”: uma análise social e econômica das políticas de segurança no estado de Pernambuco (2008-2022)(2024-03-07) Tonial, Erickson de Oliveira; Freitas, Petrus Alves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1474091666288817; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4632805876888797This work investigates the relationship between Lethal and Intentional Violent Crimes (CVLI) and economic indicators such as GDP, education, housing, basic sanitation and investments in public security in Pernambuco, between 2008 and 2022, using a literature review methodology and statistical comparison analysis to demonstrate the interaction between these factors. In this way, the persistence of violence in the history of the state of Pernambuco was addressed, relating it to social inequality and economic development, in addition to the analysis of social classes to understand economic and political disparities, highlighting the importance of formulating public policies to promote social justice. Inspired by Gary Becker's Economic Theory of Crime, the study focuses on the economic determinants of criminal acts, analyzing incentives, costs and benefits, and considering marginalization, social inequality and lack of opportunities as significant contributors to crime. The update results provide insights into the possible relationship between Lethal and Intentional Violent Crimes and economic indicators, but should be interpreted with caution. As described throughout this work, there are several approaches to interpreting the motivation and causality that the individual has for committing the crime. In short, these results indicate that investments in the analyzed indicators are associated with a reduction in the rates of Intentional Lethal Violent Crimes, results obtained through the Pearson improvement. This suggests that social policies and investments in various areas can play an important role in preventing crime.