01. Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco - UFRPE (Sede)
URI permanente desta comunidadehttps://arandu.ufrpe.br/handle/123456789/1
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Resultados da Pesquisa
Item Visitantes florais da jurubeba (Solanum paniculatum), no Setor de Meliponicultura, do Departamento de Zootecnia da UFRPE (Campus Dois Irmãos)(2025-02-24) Santos, Andreilson José dos; Souza, Darclet Teresinha Malerbo de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3266223126925865A jurubeba (Solanum paniculatum) é uma planta medicinal indicada para o tratamento de diferentes tipos de doenças. Ela é um arbusto nativo das regiões Norte e Nordeste do Brasil, possui folhas de sabor amargo e frutos amarelo-esverdeados, que também podem ser incluídos na alimentação. O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar os visitantes florais da jurubeba, tipo de coleta (pólen, néctar e/ou resina) e a frequência dessas visitações. O experimento foi realizado no Setor de Meliponicultura do Departamento de Zootecnia, na Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, em Recife, PE. As observações foram realizadas das 6h às 16h, nos 10 minutos iniciais de cada horário, com três repetições, em três dias distintos, em janeiro de 2024. Foi observada a presença de várias espécies de abelhas, coletando pólen nas flores da jurubeba, entre elas: Augochloropsis sp. (53,7%), Bombus atratus (31,5%) e Melipona scutellaris (3,7%). Outros insetos como dípteros (11,1%) também foram observados nas flores. As abelhas Augochloropsis sp., da família Halictidae, aumentaram sua frequência até 11h, diminuindo após esse horário. As abelhas B. atratus visitaram as flores da jurubeba durante todo o dia, com pico de frequência entre 6h e 7h. As abelhas M. scutellaris visitaram as flores da jurubeba apenas entre 7h e 8h. Os dípteros foram observados apenas entre 9h e 12h. Concluiu-se que a jurubeba é uma planta que fornece pólen para diversas espécies de abelhas, sendo importante para a manutenção da biodiversidade dos polinizadores.Item Relatório de Estágio Supervisionado Obrigatório(2025-02-27) Rodrigues, Renata Vitória Cardoso; Lima, Tayara Soares de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3100045021780173; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1936320024229816Item Diversidade de besouros escarabeíneos (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) da Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco UFRPE/Sede(2024-10-04) Assis Júnior, José Fernando de; Liberal, Carolina Nunes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7390869942259612; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8327288458916924Scarab beetles are called "dung beetles", this name was given due to the peculiar behavior of some individuals, these beetles modulate and roll some balls made with the feces of other animals. In Brazil, 786 species included in 69 genera are recorded, and in the state of Pernambuco, 16 species distributed in 8 genera are found. The consequences of the behavior and life cycle of these individuals include several environmental services, such as increased nutrient cycling rate in the environment, soil fertilization and aeration, reduced transmission of some vertebrate parasites by killing larvae and eggs, secondary seed dispersal and contribution of biomass to higher trophic levels. However, environmental disturbances can drastically alter the structure of the community, decrease diversity and lead to the loss of ecosystem functions of scarab beetles. The present study aimed to understand the diversity of scarab beetles at the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco. With approximately 147 hectares of extension, the UFRPE Main Campus has areas composed of vegetation from the Atlantic Forest biome. Three collections were carried out in each season, two collections in August and October 2023, in addition to four collections in the months of January, March, April and May 2024, totaling six collections. To capture scarab beetles, 10 points were delimited at the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, with a minimum distance between points of 100 m. The area was mapped using the AlpineQuest program and at each of the points a set of two pitfall traps was installed, 3 m apart from each other, totaling 20 traps in the study area. Due to the fall of trees and opening of the canopy, the vegetation structure was modified, making it necessary to change some points for collection during the rainy months. For the ecological analysis, we used the Rényi Diversity Profile, the Shapiro-Wilk test, the Levene test and the Tukey test to complement the results of the Analysis of Variance. Analyzing the baits and seasons, we observed that species diversity was higher in the feces pitfalls and in the rainy season. The analysis of variance for species abundance showed that there was an interaction between the bait and season factors, in other words, the impact of one factor depends on the level of another factor, which was not observed in the analysis of variance for species richness.Item Relatório de Estágio Supervisionado Obrigatório(2024-09-25) Sá, Amanda Regina Bertho de; Lima, Tayara Soares de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3100045021780173; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9395366050331432Item Diversidade funcional da comunidade de besouros escarabeíneos (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) na Estação Ecológica do Tapacurá, Pernambuco, Brasil(2024-03-08) Silva, Bruno Bispo da; Liberal, Carolina Nunes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7390869942259612; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1411320038538078The attractiveness of scarabeine beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) for different types of resources means that they can be divided into guilds related to behavior (resource allocation, diet and period of activity) and morphological variations (size, shape and biomass ). Different combinations of these characteristics confer different competitive capabilities between species, which can reduce direct competition and allow the coexistence of different species. The impoverishment of dung beetle communities implies a disruption in the important ecological services they offer. Thus, the present study aimed to analyze the functional diversity of the dung beetle community at the Estação Ecológica do Tapacurá, PE. Specifically, identify the functional groups present in the community according to functional traits: biomass, food preference and resource allocation. For this, two collections were carried out in 2023, one in February (dry season) and another in March (rainy season), at ten points, distributed to form a transect, with a minimum distance between points of 100m. At each point, a set of two pitfall traps were installed, baited with human feces and rotted bovine spleen and exposed for 48 hours/collection. A total of 940 beetles were collected, 763 from meat baits (352 in the dry season and 411 in the rainy season) and 177 in the feces baits (90 in the dry season and 87 in the rainy season). 19 species were identified, belonging to eight genera: Anomiopus, Ateuchus, Canthidium, Canthon, Coprophanaeus, Deltochilum, Dichotomius and Eurysternus. Beetles were classified into functional groups based on size according to biomass (large and small), resource allocation and food preference. The study showed that the community is mainly composed of small beetles, paracoprids or telecoprids, generalists or scavengers, while endocoprids and coprophages were represented by a single species each. The lower number of beetles in the feces bait suggests a low abundance of mammals in the region, its main source of resources. Highlighting the functional diversity present among dung beetles in the region and the importance of continuing to monitor these communities to understand their role in ecosystems.Item Comportamento de fêmeas de elefantes asiáticos (Elephas maximus) e africanos (Loxodonta africana) em cativeiro: uma abordagem comparativa e sua importância para o bem-estar(2024-02-07) Cabral, Isabella Ribeiro de Melo; Schiel, Nicola; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5314455811830714; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7299148914808419For animals with complex lifestyles, large size, or a more developed cognitive system, such as elephants, promoting well-being in artificial environments becomes challenging. The study of animal behavior emerges as an essential tool to ensure the well-being of these species, providing management strategies tailored to their specific needs. In our research, we focused on the behavioral repertoire of captive female elephants, aiming to comparatively evaluate the behavioral repertoire of Asian (Elephas maximus) and African (Loxodonta africana) female elephants in these situations. To do this, we observed the behavior of both species through online cameras available at two zoos, each species in one zoo – Prague Zoo (Czech Republic) and Reid Park Zoo (USA) – with rigorous inclusion criteria to standardize the comparison, including: having female elephants, online cameras in the outdoor enclosures of the females, enclosures of similar sizes, similarity in reaction to the size of the elephant group, and group composition. We observed 9 behavioral categories, analyzing 6 (foraging, moving, stationary, self-maintenance, affiliative social, and agonistic social) over 13 days, with 50 hours of observation for each zoo. The Ad libitum method and the 5-minute scan sampling method were used for the elaboration of the ethogram and data collection, respectively. To verify if there were differences in the behavioral repertoire between the two species, we conducted the Mann-Whitney U test. Surprisingly, although the literature indicates differences in some behaviors between African and Asian species, such as foraging, stereotypy, and self-maintenance, we found no statistically significant differences between them in the analyzed categories, suggesting similar behaviors for both species in captivity. Our research suggests that, under the specific conditions of our participating zoos, Asian and African female elephants exhibited similar behaviors. It is essential to emphasize the importance of broader comparative studies, with comprehensive inclusion criteria, to obtain a holistic understanding of the specific behaviors of each species. This knowledge is crucial for the development of more effective care and management practices and strategies in zoo environments. The preservation of these magnificent species requires a continuous commitment to research and the development of adaptive strategies to ensure their well-being in zoo environments.Item Dinâmica comportamental do atobá-marrom (Sula leucogaster) no Arquipélago de Fernando de Noronha(2024-03-05) Morais, Maria Eduarda Serafim de; Carmo, Rodrigo Felipe Rodrigues do; Santos, Lucas Penna Soares; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2928664459774625; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8603161096449726; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2136042887466270Seabirds are important bioindicators of marine ecosystems. Environmental changes, such as climate alterations and anthropogenic factors, affect the occupation and behavior of several species. The Brown Booby Sula leucogaster (BODDAERT, 1783) is one of the resident species in the Fernando de Noronha archipelago, an oceanic island located in the northeast region of Brazil. This study aimed to evaluate the behavioral dynamics of the Brown Booby in different regions of Fernando de Noronha. Data collection took place between September 23 and October 18, 2023, encompassing three sampling sites on the leeward coast (north-northwest face) and three on the windward coast (south-southeast face) of the main island. Visual samplings were divided between 7 am and 5 pm, conducted through scan and focal animal series, with 11 behaviors categorized into four classes: foraging, resting, interaction, and passage. Parameters of occurrence frequency (FO), point abundance index (IPA), and behavior frequency were analyzed. A total of 806 individuals were counted with an FO of 72.5% and an IPA of 10.1 individuals per sampling, across all study period. The windward coast showed higher abundance (max. 55 individuals) compared to the leeward coast (max. 20 individuals), although the occurrence frequency was similar between both (~73%). The highest numbers of individuals were recorded on Sueste and Caiera beaches (windward coast). A pattern of decline in individual abundance throughout the day was observed, as well as a general decrease in behavior frequency, including the quantity of attempts for deep dives. Resting activity predominated (59.6%), followed by foraging (40.1%), interactions (0.3%), and passage (0.1%), with more events occurring in the windward coast for all categories. Behavioral plasticity in seabirds is advantageous in dynamic regions such as marine environments, where prey availability varies greatly. This study helped understand the behavioral patterns of the local Brown Booby population, which is important for the development of effective visitation management strategies in Fernando de Noronha.Item Caracterização acústica do comportamento alimentar do camarão marinho Litopenaeus vannamei na fase berçário(2023-09-20) Costa Filho, Fábio Ulisses Ramos; Peixoto, Sílvio Ricardo Maurano; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5714254437228167; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7725981957042095Item Plasticidade fenotípica e respostas comportamentais de novilhas Girolando em pastejo contínuo no semiárido pernambucano(2023-09-11) Bezerra, Ingrid do Nascimento; Almeida, Gledson Luiz Pontes de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2328849810614673; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4518487877353767The indicators of thermal stress for ruminants are described according to the magnitude of the meteorological elements, physiological, behavioral adjustments, and productive response. This research was conducted to evaluate the ingestive behavior and phenotypic plasticity of Girolando heifers subjected to continuous grazing in the semiarid of Pernambuco. Three heifers of 7/8 Dutch-Gir genetic composition were evaluated, submitted to a paddock with 40 x 40 m brachiaria, for 21 days. The meteorological variables recorded in the production environment were the dry, bulb temperature (°C) and the relative humidity of the air (%), which allowed the thermal characterization through the temperature and humidity index (TM). The behavior of heifers was quantified through observation by instantaneous scanning of activities, walking, drinking, eating, ruminating, lying down, leisure and standing. The physiological responses recorded were rectal temperature (°C) and respiratory rate (movement mia-1). The experimental design was completely randomized in a 2 x 3 factorial arrangement (shifts x evaluation period). Behavioral variables were subjected to te chi-square and probability test. The physiological parameters were subjected to analysis of variance and application of the Tukey test at the level of 5% significance. The THI did not exceed 89 units, which characterizes the critical limit of moderate stress for the animals. The heifers proved to be adapted to the climate of the region, as, during the study period, they showed sufficient physiological and behavioral alteration capacity to maintain homoeothermic.Item Diversidade e período de atividade de besouros escarabeíneos (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) da Estação Ecológica do Tapacurá(2023-09-15) Cavalcanti, Juliana Ferreira; Liberal, Carolina Nunes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7390869942259612; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3551522195847302Scarab beetles are detritivorous insects popularly known as “dung beetles”. They have a varied feeding habit, in general they can feed on feces (coprophages), decaying meat (necrophages) or decaying fruits (saprophages), or even on more than one type (generalist). Besides that, they play a very important role as bioindicators, as they are highly sensitive to environmental changes, undergoing changes in the structure of their community. Deforestation and fragmentation of forest environments are some of the most damaging disturbances to biodiversity by which scarab beetles are heavily affected. The Atlantic Forest is one of the Brazilian biomes in the most critical state of degradation, listed as one of the 36 biodiversity hotspots. The objective of this work was to know the diversity and period of activity of scarab beetles in the Atlantic Forest fragment of Tapacurá Ecological Station (8° 02′ 27.8″S and 35° 11′ 46.3″W), located in the municipality of São Lourenço da Mata, Pernambuco. Two samples were carried between the months of february and march, and march and april, where ten points were determined, distributed in order to form a transect. At each point, a set of two pitfall traps was installed, totaling 20 traps per area. Pitfalls were baited with fresh human feces and rotten bovine spleen. A total of 940 individuals distributed in five tribes, seven genera and 18 species of Scarabaeinae were captured. The most abundant species were Canthon terciae (34.47%), Deltochilum kolbei (23.40%) and Dichotomius guaribensis (14.47%). Of the 18 species collected, only 12 occurred in sufficient numbers to be classified in trophic guilds. Among these, seven were considered necrophagous , five generalists, and none were coprophagous. As for the period of activity, four species showed diurnal activity, four showed nocturnal activity, and another four species were considered of continuous activity. Rényi’s diversity profiles showed that the carrion bait had a greater diversity of species taking into account the most abundant species, and the feces bait was more diverse considering the rarest species.
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