01. Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco - UFRPE (Sede)
URI permanente desta comunidadehttps://arandu.ufrpe.br/handle/123456789/1
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Resultados da Pesquisa
Item Plasticidade fenotípica e respostas comportamentais de novilhas Girolando em pastejo contínuo no semiárido pernambucano(2023-09-11) Bezerra, Ingrid do Nascimento; Almeida, Gledson Luiz Pontes de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2328849810614673; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4518487877353767The indicators of thermal stress for ruminants are described according to the magnitude of the meteorological elements, physiological, behavioral adjustments, and productive response. This research was conducted to evaluate the ingestive behavior and phenotypic plasticity of Girolando heifers subjected to continuous grazing in the semiarid of Pernambuco. Three heifers of 7/8 Dutch-Gir genetic composition were evaluated, submitted to a paddock with 40 x 40 m brachiaria, for 21 days. The meteorological variables recorded in the production environment were the dry, bulb temperature (°C) and the relative humidity of the air (%), which allowed the thermal characterization through the temperature and humidity index (TM). The behavior of heifers was quantified through observation by instantaneous scanning of activities, walking, drinking, eating, ruminating, lying down, leisure and standing. The physiological responses recorded were rectal temperature (°C) and respiratory rate (movement mia-1). The experimental design was completely randomized in a 2 x 3 factorial arrangement (shifts x evaluation period). Behavioral variables were subjected to te chi-square and probability test. The physiological parameters were subjected to analysis of variance and application of the Tukey test at the level of 5% significance. The THI did not exceed 89 units, which characterizes the critical limit of moderate stress for the animals. The heifers proved to be adapted to the climate of the region, as, during the study period, they showed sufficient physiological and behavioral alteration capacity to maintain homoeothermic.Item Efeitos do clima sobre padrões de tamanho corporal e riqueza de aranhas na Mata Atlântica(2019-12-03) Ariero, Gabriel Xavier Boldorini; Souza, Thiago Gonçalves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0444294877812617; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2497460176058162What determines the distribution patterns of richness and morphological attributes of species have been studied for decades and most explanations are based on climatic gradients. However, to ectotherms, there is still controversy about the mechanisms that determine these patterns. Here we investigated how climate determines the body size and richness of spiders in the Atlantic Forest. Our hypothesis is that both temperature and precipitation affect both spider body-size and richness. We found a positive relationship between average body size of spiders and annual mean temperature and temperature seasonality. On the other hand, the same variables had a negative relationship with spider richness, while annual precipitation had a positive effect on richness. The negative relationship of temperature and richness denotes high sensitivity of the spiders to heat, which seems to limit the distribution of these ectotherms. Furthermore, larger spider species appear to occur at intermediate latitudes, where is warm and temperature varies considerably, unlike what is predicted for endotherms. Besides investigating the effects of climatic factors, we suggest future studies to assess the role of evolutionary processes when studying what determines spider body size distributions in the Atlantic Forest.Item Clima atual e passado como condutor da diversidade beta funcional e filogenética de aranhas ao longo do gradiente latitudinal(2018-02-26) Soares, Gabrielle Christina Firmino; Souza, Thiago Gonçalves; Oliveira, Gustavo Ribeiro de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0444294877812617; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3342841776147612Climatic gradients can affect spatial and temporal distribution, as well as the morphological differentiation of organisms. The theory predicts that phylogenetically close species have larger body sizes in colder regions because of the need for heat storage; this explanation has been attributed to Bergmann's rule. However, the applicability of this rule to arthropods is still a challenge. Our objective was to test whether the spatial (over 2,000 km latitudinal gradient) and temporal (over 120,000 years) climate variability affect the phylogenetic and functional diversity of spiders. We used data from the literature (Gonçalves-Souza et al., 2014) that were collected in Restinga areas from southern Bahia to Santa Catarina in an extension of 12° 34'10 'at 27° 37'9' latitude. The functional attributes obtained were: height, length and width of the prossome and the length of the opistossoma. The phylogenetic tree was constructed from topologies at family and gender level. To test the effect of recent and past climate on functional and phylogenetic diversity, we used a Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA) combined with a Distance Based Redundancy Analysis (dbRDA) with the climate being the independent variable. Our results demonstrated that phylogenetically close spiders do not share similar morphological attributes (i.e., low phylogenetic signal). In addition, we found that stability favors the occurrence of smaller spiders. The maximum temperature of the hottest month of the past was the variable that most explained the variations of the functional and phylogenetic diversity of the spiders. The variables that indicate extreme temperature values and the annual precipitation of both the recent climate and the past were those that affected the body size most strongly. In this way, we can affirm that the seasonality and climatic extremes are dictating the variation of the body size and that this also reflects in the kinship relations of the spiders. Given the global climatic variations expected over the next 50 years, our results may help to understand possible future patterns of spatial distribution of arthropods.Item Respostas fisiológicas de ovinos alimentados com palma forrageira(2019-06-18) Silva Neto, José Francisco da; Guim, Adriana; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5179137865818915; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5375824647061219The aim of study was to evaluate the effect of forage palm based diets on the physiological indicators of sheep, as well as, to analyze the correlation of these parameters with total digestible nutrients consumption. For this, the experimental protocol was approved by CEUA/UFRPE, under the license of 053/2015, using 36 lambs, with an average age of six months and initial body weight of 23.0 ± 3.11 kg, distributed in a design completely randomized, with three treatments and 12 repetitions. The experimental period comprised 86 days, with a base diet (Tifton hay, maize corn, soybean meal, urea, and mineral salt) and diets in which Tifton hay was partially replaced by forage palm (either Nopalea Cochenillifera Salm Dyck or Opuntia stricta Haw). The diets were given twice a day in the form of complete feed. In order to evaluate the physiological parameters, respiratory frequency (RF), heart rate (HR), rectal temperature (RT) and body temperature (BT) were measured. These data were collected on the 50th and 55th experimental days at 8:00 am and 3:00 p.m. Also, the air temperature and air moisture were measured during the experiment. The obtained data were submitted to analysis of variance and average grade comparison by Tukey test and Pearson correlation analysis between variables. No interaction has been noticed between the diet and the shift, nor was there a dietary effect on the evaluated variables. However, RF and BT were higher in the morning in comparison to the afternoon shift. All the values recorded for HR and RF were above normal for the species. It was verified that the variables RF and BT correlated positively and significantly with the intake of total digestible nutrients in the animals that received the control diet in both shifts. It is concluded that the experimental diets did not cause damages to the physiological parameters, and the climatic conditions are responsible for increasing the physiological variables.