01. Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco - UFRPE (Sede)
URI permanente desta comunidadehttps://arandu.ufrpe.br/handle/123456789/1
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Resultados da Pesquisa
Item Consumo e digestibilidade de nutrientes em pequenos ruminantes alimentados com dietas contendo gérmen de milho e palma forrageira orelha de elefante mexicana (Opuntia stricta [Haw], Haw])(2024-09-30) Castello Branco, Natália Pereira; Carvalho, Francisco Fernando Ramos de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8552194153767195; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6243605185116079The aim was to evaluate the effect of using corn germ and forage palm in diets for small ruminants on the consumption and digestibility of nutrients. Four male sheep and four male goats were used, castrated, fistulated and cannulated in the rumen, with an average initial body weight of 38 kg and 35 kg, respectively. The animals were kept in a confinement system in individual stalls (2,0m × 1,0m), with slatted floors and equipped with feeders and drinkers. A Latin square experimental design was used in a 2x4 factorial scheme.The experimental period lasted 88 days, with four experimental periods lasting 22 days each, 14 days for adaptation to the diets and management and 8 days for data and sample collection. The treatments were based on four experimental diets: without forage palm Opuntia stricta [Haw], Haw] (POEM) and corn germ (treatment - CONT); without (POEM) + corn germ (treatment - GIEM); with (POEM) and without corn germ (treatment- POEM); with (POEM) and corn germ (GIEM+POEM). The effects of species (E), treatment (T) and interaction effect of species with treatment (ExT) were evaluated, assuming significance at (P< 0,05). Related to the consumption, no effect of species (E) or interaction between species and treatments (ExT) for none of the variables (P>0,05). A significant effect (P<0,05) of treatments (T) was observed for the consuming variables of dry matter (DM), mineral matter (MM), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), total carbohydrates (TCH), non-fibrous carbohydrates (NFC) and total digestible nutrients (TDN). In which the diet containing (GIEM+POEM) promoted greater dry matter intake and other constituents, while the diet (GIEM) promoted lower consumption of dry matter, mineral matter, crude protein, total carbohydrates, non-fibrous carbohydrates and total digestible nutrients, but favored (P<0,05) greater consumption of ether extract along with the diet (GIEM+POEM). The digestibility coefficients of dry matter, crude protein, ether extract and neutral detergent fiber were not influenced by the association of forage cactus with full- fat corn germ (P>0,05), however, significant values were observed (P<0.05) for the organic matter and non-fibrous carbohydrates digestibility coefficients.Item Emprego de antimicrobianos na pecuária bovina e suas implicações na saúde pública(2021-12-15) Gomes, Lucas da Silva Ferreira; Coutinho, Luiz Teles; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8812254003382110; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6350534197203776The use of antimicrobials (ATM) in ruminants is a tool responsible for a significant boost in animal production by reducing morbidity and mortality rates arising from health problems, thus providing an improvement in the health profile and production rates, and consequently greater quality and safety of animal foods. However, the high adaptability of the bacterial cell associated with the selective pressure imposed by the indiscriminate use of ATM's in animals and also in humans, has been promoting the development of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) worldwide, which is one of the most important problems that reaches and links Human and Veterinary Medicine, as both share the use of a range of common ATM's, combined with the fact that antimicrobial resistant bacteria (ARB's) and antimicrobial resistance related genes (ARG's) can be transferred between animals, the environment and human beings, making this phenomenon a unique global health problem. The need for constant monitoring of the use of ATM is highlighted, in order to contain the emergence and/or expansion of resistant bacterial strains, as well as the integration between professionals in the mobilization of society as a whole in order to preserve the unique health. In this context, the objective was to carry out this literature review on some aspects of the use of antimicrobials in cattle, as well as the emergence of resistant bacterial strains and their impacts on public health.Item Coronavírus bovino: sua relevância na saúde animal e pública global(2021-10-27) Beserra, Lucas Alencar Fernandes; Silva, José Augusto Bastos Afonso da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9754109726295756; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6178148321524675Bovine coronavirus (BCoV) is a member of the coronaviridae family. It is an important pathogen with high prevalence worldwide. This virus, a pneumoenteric agent, is responsible for the occurrence of three distinct clinical syndromes, described respectively as diarrhea in calves, dysentery in adult animals and respiratory tract affection in cattle of all ages. The presence of this virus in the herd causes substantial economic losses, also, in animal welfare and in the health of the herd. Thus, the objective of this work is to demonstrate the main characteristics of BCoV, as well as describe the occurrence of this agent in other species of domestic and wild ruminant animals. In addition, highlight the coronavirus as a zoonotic pathogen in the context of public health. Coronary virus in cattle is characterized by its enteropathogenic and respiratory forms, symbolized respectively by mucohemorrhagic enterocolitis in calves (EBCoV-CD), dysentery in adult animals (EBCoV-WD) and interstitial pneumonia (RBoV) mainly in calves. Although this agent is considered a specific pathogen of domestic cattle, its occurrence is also described in other species of domestic and wild ruminants, as well as in humans. At the interface between animals and humans, coronavirus is described as an infectious, zoonotic and emergent disease, this agent being described as the only member of the order Nidovirales to cause disease in humans. In this context, several species are incriminated as intermediate hosts in the transmission mechanism to humans, for example, dromedary camels in the transmission of MERS-COV. The role of cattle in the context of intermediate host or reservoir of this virus for humans is still poorly understood, such as the susceptibility and transmission of SARS-CoV-2. However, one of the enteric coronavirus strains in humans (HCoV-OC43) would have evolved from ancestral strains of the bovine coronavirus, which crossed the interspecies barrier and, consequently, established the infection in humans. Thus, we can consider the diseases caused by BCoV as important from an economic point of view, sanitary in the welfare of the herd, in addition to the importance of this agent in the zoonotic context, thus enabling risks to animal and human health.Item Importância do Mycobacterium bovis como agente causal da tuberculose humana e estudo retrospectivo sobre a ocorrência da tuberculose bovina diagnosticada na Clínica De Bovinos De Garanhuns, no período de 2010 a 2015(2016) Melo, Elizabeth Hortêncio de; Souza, Maria Isabel de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4438209268573845; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1295514152494882Item Perfis de ácidos graxos do leite em animais de interesse zootécnico: revisão literária(2022-06-02) Carvalho, Paloma Adolfo de; Soares, Luciana Felizardo Pereira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4071178363761831Milk is a product that has great consumption in the world. It is used for food in many communities, as well as being an important ingredient to be used with various types of dishes. Thus, milk fats in milk and dairy products are important sources of nutrients and energy for the population. Different animal species produce quality milk, with different fatty acid compositions, as the composition of a ruminant's diet is one of the factors that can cause changes in milk fatty acids. Thus, targeted modification of ruminant diets can be used to produce milk with a desirable fatty acid profile. A focus on improving the nutrition of these animals directly implies the final product.Item Relatório do Estagio Supervisionado Obrigatório (ESO), realizado no Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (HOVET - UFRPE) localizada na cidade de Recife - PE, Brasil, e na Clínica de Bovinos de Garanhuns (CBG) da UFRPE localizda no municipio de Garanhuns - PE, Brasil : relato de caso: recidiva de deslocamento de abomaso a esquerda - DAE em vaca Jersey(2019-12-11) Silva, Giselly Nunes da; Batista, André Mariano; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5615914349535394; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6886205685434575The Compulsory Supervised Internship (ESO) enables the student to acquire practical knowledge from experience with tutors and owners of animals that is not only learned in theory; providing the critical sense and the ability to analyze situations encountered throughout the profession rationally. This report presents the activities of the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (HOVET - UFRPE) located in Recife-PE. In the area of Medical and Surgical Clinic of Small Animals and also in the Clinic of Cattle (CBG) of the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE) located in Garanhuns-PE, in the area of Medical and Surgical Clinic of Ruminants and Equines. The first stage followed clinical, surgical, preoperative and postoperative evaluations of the patients, in addition to the surgical procedures; and in the second stage medical, surgical and large animal laboratory. The report describes a case of relapse of left abomasum displacement, which is a recurring problem in dairy farming and causes great loss to the farmer by the sudden drop in milk production, that leads to animal death but with early diagnose and treatment, mainly with surgical correction, the prognosis is very favorable, as seen in the reported case.Item Criptosporidiose em ruminantes e sua importância em saúde pública(2018) Macedo, Darlan Rodrigues; Cajueiro, Jobson Filipe de Paula; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1163226949462180; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8208793638612108Cryptosporidiosis is an important disease in cattle breeding, calves up to 30 days of age being the most susceptible category. The etiological agents are protozoans of the genus Cryptosporidium, which complete their cycle in respiratory, urinary and gastrointestinal epithelial cells of birds, reptiles and mammals including man. The route of infection is fecal-oral. The infection occurs after ingestion of food and water contaminated with sporulated oocysts, which contain sporozoites inside. Production animals mainly calves are the main sources of environmental contamination and therefore an important risk factor for other animals and man. The clinical manifestation of the disease is due to the lesions in the gastrointestinal tract that occur through the rupture of enterocytes with persistent and watery diarrhea. Diarrhea is the main cause of death in calves up to 30 days old, being one of the main agents Criptosporidium sp. Cryptosporidiosis is a zoonosis with a worldwide distribution, with children between the ages of 1 and 5 years, adults being transplanted and immunocompromised individuals, high risk groups, where this enteroparasite can cause severe enteritis and may lead to death. However, immunocompetent adults may present with diarrheal episodes. Diarrhea is the main cause of death in calves up to 30 days old, being one of the main agents Criptosporidium sp. Cryptosporidiosis is a zoonosis with a worldwide distribution, being children from 1 to 5 years of age, transplanted adults and immunocompromised individuals, high risk groups, in which this enteroparasite can cause serious enteritis and may lead to death. However, immunocompetent adults may present with diarrheal episodes. Risk factors include contact with sick animals or carriers, together with lack of adequate hygiene habits and basic sanitation. Prophylaxis consists of vaccination of pregnant cows, the use of some drugs that help prevent diarrhea, as well as reduce the amount of oocysts removed in the faeces, correct administration of colostrum and, in cases of sick animals, supportive therapy for the reestablishment of the hydroeletrilic balance and basic acid. Other factors such as parasite resistance in the environment and disinfectants, lack of knowledge by health professionals about epidemiology and diagnostic methods, and ineffective treatment make it a major public health problem in the world.