Licenciatura em Química (UAST)
URI permanente desta comunidadehttps://arandu.ufrpe.br/handle/123456789/2945
Siglas das Coleções:
APP - Artigo Publicado em Periódico
TAE - Trabalho Apresentado em Evento
TCC - Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso
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38 resultados
Resultados da Pesquisa
Item Da fotografia da janela ao retrato do cangaço: elaboração e validação de um documentário como instrumento didático para o ensino de ciências.(2022-06-01) Galvão, Larissa Santos; Silva, Flávia Cristiane Vieira da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7354496286889274; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9065313312309168The present work has as main scope to present the validation steps of a documentary as a didactic resource for Science Teaching (CE). The short film, called "window to the sun: from the photography of the window to the portrait of the "cangaço", relates the presence of photography in the "cangaço" with the history and evolution of the photographic image, and the scientific phenomena associated with the capture process. Cinema can contribute significantly to the teaching and learning process, including in the natural sciences. The seventh art is able to influence people's lives, so besides contributing to the structuring of scientific knowledge, it provides opportunities for discussions about social issues. Such themes corroborate the student's citizenship education, for he immerses himself in the narratives that often express his reality on the screen. The documentary genre is the most widely used type of film in the classroom, mainly because it is associated with the effort to reproduce reality. To validate the documentary, semi-structured interviews were conducted with Nature Science teachers from a public school in the city of Serra Talhada - PE. Consequently, the transcripts of the interviews were analyzed using elements of the Textual Discourse Analysis (TDA) technique. As a result, the teachers showed that they see the "cangaço" more as history and culture, and associate the movement with Lampião, as a kind of Robin Hood style vigilante. Moreover, the teachers see not only the "cangaço" itself, but also the photograph of the "cangaço", as a possibility to apply in their classes. With this investigation, we can conclude that the documentary is a promising tool to teach Science, capable of providing more contextualized classes, stimulating especially the reflection about the "cangaço" and the presence of Science in the experiences of the "cangaceiros", and among them, practices that are part of the reality of many students. Furthermore, this material can favor activities involving more than one discipline, working together or not. This resource can also be used as a DDC (Documentary of Scientific Dissemination), to strengthen the relationship between society and the academic community, leading to a greater appreciation of science and its social roles.Item Tabela periódica inclusiva: a proposição de um material didático para o ensino dos elementos químicos representativos para estudantes surdos do ensino médio(2022-06-02) Felix, Marineide Gerônimo; Diniz Junior, Antônio Inácio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4807751048303686; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3295482757399793This paper aims to propose an inclusive teaching material for the teaching of representative elements to assist in the teaching and learning process of deaf students in regular high school. This material was planned with a focusing on the Brazilian Sign Language - Libras for deaf students in high school. The research has a qualitative character. This is a proposal of the interactive periodic table, focused on educational technologies, which brings together the visual support, so that students have clear access to the information of the elements already mentioned, adapted from signs in Libras, specifically valuing the visual/expressive and conceptual, from the information and curiosities of chemistry, seeking to meet possible demands for inclusive chemistry classes. Thus, we present a teaching material that brings the representative elements using the support of QR'codes to demonstrate the signs related to them. We hope that this material can contribute to the teaching of the contents of the periodic table for deaf students, promoting inclusion in the teaching of chemistry in regular school.Item Vermicompostagem como tecnologia aplicada à valorização da matéria orgânica de resíduos do milho, nas condições edafoclimáticas do sertão pernambucano(2019-12-11) Siqueira, Andreza Jayane Nunes de; Nunes, Ramom Rachide; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6182302726895126; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5272674335190028This research presents the vermicomposting as an environmental technology applied in the recycling and treatment of waste obtained in the maize production, taking into consideration the edaphoclimatic conditions of the Pernambuco Backwoods, under the perspective of the Environmental Chemistry. In addition, a physical and chemical study of vermicomposting were carried out. Vermicomposting is a process of biological transformation, as well as bio-oxidation and stabilization of organic matter (OM), turning it into a fertilizer of high agricultural potential. In this study, the vermicomposts were produced adding residues of corn, straw and cob, also adding goat manure and sawdust as organic substrate. In each vermicompostor 250 Eisenia fetida earthworms. were added. During the 120 days of the experiment, the following chemical attributes were analyzed: total solids (TS), pH, total organic carbon (TOC), organic matter (OM) and cation exchange capacity (CEC). The pH, TOC and OM results showed a decrease in their values during the vermicomposting process; while the CTC content increased. Both trends indicated that vermicomposts reached stability and maturity desired. In addition, worms showed good adaptation to vermicompostors. Thus, it was concluded that vermicomposting can be used as an effective technology for corn waste treatment and production of agricultural inputs. In the future, it is expected to apply the composed of new corn crops, renewing the cycle of the production chain, under conditions of cycling its organic matter and nutrients in favor of the agrarian and social development of the interior of the Brazilian Northeast.Item Análise das interações discursivas em uma oficina didática interdisciplinar sobre modelos atômicos(2019-07-10) Rezende, Luana Russana Ferreira; Silveira, Thiago Araújo da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5110982163642369; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5110982163642369; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4751253414418946The last years, research in chemistry teaching has search to promote resources to overcome the limitations presented in the traditional teaching model and that take into account the articulation between science, technology and the contextualization with the environment that the students are inserted. Therefore, this study analyzes the discursive interactions through a proposal of an interdisciplinary didactic workshop on atomic models with students of the first (1st) year of high school of a public school of the interior state network of Pernambuco. As a foundation, important references were considered about didactic workshops and theoretical orientations on dialogicity, hermeneutics, dialectics and complexity. The research methodology included the collection of data for videography of the five (5) stages of the workshop and subsequently to the analysis of this corpus to evaluate resources, directions and construction of meanings in the dialogues in the context of the interdisciplinary didactic workshops based on the list of observables proposed by Flores (2010),taking into account the theories presented above. As a result of this research, it was possible to identify that the workshop proposal as an active methodology that contributes to the students' socialization process by stimulating the articulation between doing, feeling and acting in a certain activity in sets and for building knowledge through dialogue. It is possible to conclude that the interdisciplinary didactic workshops allow great moments of interaction between student-student and student-teacher, which it should be well planned by the teacher to work the scientific concepts addressing through themes of the student's daily life and to have the decentralization of the speeches.Item Análise do ensino das ciências e matemática em um contexto de educação quilombola(2020-11-06) Silva, John Victor de Oliveira; Silveira, Thiago Araújo da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5110982163642369; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8190629644989342Nowadays, our country has a huge amount of Quilombola Communities approved by the Fundação Cultural Palmares, they are survivors due to the strong struggles for the recognition and guarantees of their rights. In the educational aspects, important advances have been made in recent years in their appreciation of these peoples and new demands to increasingly expand cultural and ethnic diversity in Brazil, through the implementation of PCN's (National Curriculum Parameters), where it is based on Law no. 10,639 / 2003, the Quotas Law, Quilombola Education Guidelines, among others. The general objective of this work is to analyze the teaching of science and mathematics in a school located in Quilombola Community in rural Pernambuco, based on the speech of the teachers who teach in it. For this, we use a qualitative methodology, with interviews for data collection and for the analysis we carry out the Dialectic Hermeneutic Analysis. As a result, we realized that the investigated teachers always seek to relate the scientific content with the epistemological, cultural and historical issues of the community, mainly with the use of teaching strategies to better contextualize these contents; we also noticed that they are very careful about the elaboration of their plans and the relationship between the students' daily lives and the contents proposed in the curriculum.Item Concepções sobre os papéis educativos, transposições didáticas e ensino de química no contexto da pandemia(2020-11-06) Claudino, Alice da Silva Amaral; Silveira, Thiago Araújo da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5110982163642369; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2798830185426782In this work, we seek to analyze the didactic transpositions that occurred in the teaching and learning of chemistry in the scope of the education of the deaf in Remote Education. Understanding the role and concepts of the Sign Language Interpreter - ILS and the Chemistry teacher regarding their professional practices in building the knowledge of the deaf student, in a regular school. The research used a qualitative approach and used semi-structured interviews as a data source. For the interpretation of data we use the method proposed by Minayo, the hermetic-dialectic analysis (AHD), which understands the research subjects through all the implications: historical, sociocultural, political, economic and educational. As a result, we observed that there was no instruction or guidance on how to start Remote Education, thus demonstrating a gap in the noosphere of external didactic transposition. In face-to-face chemistry classes, visual aids were present and remotely the greatest difficulty is the impossibility of carrying out experiments. We also identified that the interpreter recognizes his role, but is covering and receiving charges that do not belong to the ILS function. Finally, we can conclude that a change is necessary in the teacher's conceptions, so as not to overload the interpreter and really inclusive actions should be considered together with the school, teacher and interpreter that will influence the teaching and learning of the deaf student.Item Explorando o potencial de pilosocereus gounellei na remoção da matéria orgânica presente em águas naturais destinadas ao consumo animal(2020-11-03) Cândido, Guilherme Henrique da Silva; Nunes, Ramom Rachide; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6182302726895126; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0555151159609370Animal welfare is a recurrent concern, relating not only the herd health, but also the animal production and the consequent profits generating in the field. Animal drinking water quality, frequently reported as of poor potability, is a challenge to be overcome, mostly due to the excess of organic matter (OM) in solution. An alternative to remove the OM is the use of an alternative material. In this study, use of cactus Pilosocereus gounellei was explored, carrying out a kinetic and adsorptive study aiming to estimate the effectiveness of the proposed technology. Samples of goat drinking water were treated using P. gounellei, in natura and acid treated (using [HCL] in the range 0.01-4.0 mol L−1). A study of the sorption process was performed, and isotherms and kinetics models were evaluated. Thus, after mathematical treatment, isotherm of Freundlich (isotherm type C, constant partition) and pseudo-second order kinetics were considered the most suited, indicating the multilayer formation and the removal rate proportional to the square of the adsorbate concentration. In addition, samples treated at higher acid concentration reached equilibrium after removing a greater concentration of OM when compared to in natura (up to 1.6x the own weight). Based on our findings, our study indicates the possibility of removing the OM present in samples of natural water, using the P. gounellei cactus (acid treated) as an alternative adsorbent material, intending to the good practices in livestock and animal welfare.Item Estudo da água de tanques de piscicultura para uso em um sistema integrado de agricultura: um estudo químico e hormono-similar em prol do desenvolvimento agrário no interior da região nordeste(2019-12-11) Maia, Hermógenes Bezerra; Nunes, Ramom Rachide; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6182302726895126; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1881302618582553The low natural fertility of Brazilian soils is due, in the most part, to their high acidity and nutrient levels below those needed for cropproduction. This problem is more accentuated in the interior of the Brazilian Northeast, due to its edaphoclimatic conditions, characterized by their dry climate and irregular rainfall pattern. In another context, fish farming is becoming moreprominent and growing in the region, as aquaculture demands less water than conventional livestock, with an average of 800 L of water per kg of fish produced. Even in its importance, fish farming is considered an activity that generatespotentially toxic effluents, because it has a high content of organic matter (OM) and nutrients. Taking both issues as a challenge — the problem of poor soil fertility and effluent generation by aquaculture — the implementation of an integrated agriculture-fish farming system would be an interesting alternative as it would aim at reusing water from fish farms through enhancement of OM and nutrient recycling through irrigation, promoting benefits for crop production and agrarian development. Part of these benefits is imputed to the hormone-like activity, attributed to the presence of organic molecules that make up the OM fractions. In this sense, the present work aimed to conduct a chemical study of water from fish ponds for use in irrigation of plants of economic interest, besides evaluating the hormone-like activity of OM present in the analyzed samples. Fish farming water samples (FFW) were collected from the Cooperativa dos Produtores do Vale do Itaparica (COOPVALE), in the municipality of Itacuruba (PE) and their characteristics (pH, EC, turbidity, nutrients and TOC) were determined. To evaluate hormone-like activity, bioassays were performed with cucumber (Cucumis sativus) seeds, with different carbon concentrations, present in the FFW. According to the results obtained in the characterization of pisciculture water, it is considered that its chemical characteristics allow the use in irrigation ofplants of economic interest. In the bioassays it waspossible to observe the biostimulant action of FFW at concentrations from 5.0 mg C L-1. Furthermore, it is considered that the higher the carbon concentration in the FFW sample, the greater the biological response, as observed in the increase of C. sativus root growth index. Thus, it is concluded that it is possible to recycle and reuse the OM and nutrients of fish water in cropproduction,in favor of agrarian development within the NE Region, in an integrated system, agriculture-fish farming, in an organic farming system. agroecological, mimicking a cultivation in a family nucleus system, in the interior of the Northeast, in the Pernambuco hinterland.Item Estudo computacional dos mecanismos de formação do púrpura de ruhemann(2019-07-16) Medeiros, Miguel Arcanjo Farias Leão Brasil de; Aguiar, Eduardo Castro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0178694896688192; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5545237324470650Ninhydrin is often used to identify latent fingerprints (IDL) in crime scenes using Ruhemann's Purple pigment (RR) formation. This reaction occurs due to the several amino acids released by the eccrine gland whose excretory channel is directly into the pores of the skin. Ninhydrin was applied as IDL developer agent for the first time in 1954, since then it has become a popular reagent for the detection of fingerprints on porous surfaces. The literature reports three different proposals for mechanisms and there is no consensus about the preferential reaction route. The only computational work that addresses attention the mechanisms does not consider the importance of the thermal corrections that are indispensable to support its conclusions. In this sense, this work makes a computational effort in order to describe the thermodynamics of the mechanisms of McCaldin, Lamothe and Friedman to provide a better understanding of the reaction route. The values of total energy variation (ΔE) and the thermodynamic parameters ΔrG, ΔrH and ΔrS of the steps present in the McCaldin, Lamothe and Friedman mechanisms were calculated with B3LYP hybrid functional and base function 6-31++G(d,p) and compared to the ΔE values obtained in the literature at ab initio HF/6-31G* calculation level. It is important to mention that both HF and B3LYP results of the present work agree in some steps and disagree in others, which can be attributed to the use of a correlated B3LYP method and larger basis function 6-31++G(d,p). In this sense, the results obtained in this work provide greater reliability because of the more complete descriptions of the organic molecules present in the mechanisms. The calculation indicates that RP formation step, the dehydration of an amine intermediate known as Strecker amine will react with another ninhydrin molecule to form the desired product, the step being more energetic. We also note that the amine intermediate can be consumed to form another by-product, present in the mechanisms of McCaldin, Lamothe, and Friedman. In all three cases, the increase in temperature favors the path of RR formation. The mechanisms were endothermic (+34.41 kJ/mol) and exergonic (-94.69 kJ/mol) at the calculation levels used in this work, in agreement with the experimental observationsItem Estudo das concepções sobre o novo ensino médio dos gestores e professores de ciências da rede de educação básica estadual de Pernambuco(2019-12-10) Lima, Lucas da Silva; Silveira, Thiago Araújo da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5110982163642369The New High School name by which it became known changes that Law no. 13,415 / 17 makes the LDB 1996, brings two major changes in this stage of basic education: one of workload and another curriculum. A structural change in high school focuses on the subjects that make up education systems in different ways. In this sense, this paper aims to analyze the conceptions of social actors affected by these measures regarding the legal framework regarding the feasibility, performance and knowledge; and curriculum theories, which are the rational, critical and post-critical. To this end, semistructured interviews were conducted with science teachers and the manager of a school in Calumbi-PE and a servant of the Pernambuco Department of Education. For data analysis, Minayo's Hermeneutic-Dialectical Analysis (2008) was used. When analyzing the data, we observed that the science teachers and the school manager understand that the viability of the proposals is limited and explain from the context in which the school in which they work is inserted, and the server of the Pernambuco Department of Education, conceives feasibility as possible in almost all of the legal framework. Regarding performance, science teachers do not accurately explain their role within the changes, while SEDUC's manager and server do so. The SEDUC server and the school manager are those whose speeches most closely match what is written in the legal framework. Regarding the curriculum, those that are more present in the interviewees' speeches were the traditional ones and the criticisms, although there are sporadic elements of different theories in all the speeches. In this context, we found that the conceptions of the investigated subjects have a strong relationship with the context and the curriculum view they present. As this is a preliminary study, as implementation is still in its infancy and the Pernambuco curriculum is still being formulated, further studies with different approaches are needed to reach a better understanding of the implications of a change in educational policies such as this one.