TCC - Engenharia Florestal (Sede)
URI permanente para esta coleçãohttps://arandu.ufrpe.br/handle/123456789/436
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Item Produtividade de um clone de Eucalyptus urophylla em função do espaçamento na região do Polo Gesseiro do Araripe(2018) Porfírio, Sandra Teresa Borba; Silva, José Antônio Aleixo da; Hakamada, Rodrigo Eiji; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4186459700983170; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5674098794412714; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5862852688551995Studies which the objective is to improve database about productivity behavior of Eucalyptus species in Araripe are very important to guarantee sustainable supply of forest resources for industries in this region. In this context, the objective of this study was to evaluate influence of different planting spacings in survival rate, volume per area, per tree and mean annual increment of Eucalyptus urophylla in the Araripe Region. The experiment was conducted in Pernambuco Agrarian Institute (IPA) in Araripina - PE. It was composed of 5 treatments (spacings 2mx1m, 2mx2m, 3mx2m, 4mx2m and 3mx3m), with 4 replications distributed in a completely randomized desing. To evaluate the productivity behavior, analysis of variance and Tukey test were applied to variables related to different planting spacings. The survival rate was not influenced by spacing, while the individual volume, volume per area and mean annual increment were influenced. The spacings 3mx3m and 3mx2m contributed to better values of individual volume and the averages of this variable has similar behavior to all studies seen in literature, except for 4x2m spacing. The variables volume per area and mean annual increment were influenced by spacing only when comparing treatments 2x1m and 4x2m. So, al treatment are statistic similar, except 4mx2m. The low productivity of this hybrid (IMA average 12 m³ ha-1 year-1) could be explained by the water deficit in last years. Finally, forest still productive in relation to natural semi-arid species, which indicates the importance of investment in clonal stands in this area and in others studies about its behavior.Item Evolução da produção florestal madeireira no Nordeste brasileiro frente ao setor nacional de 2006 a 2016(2018) Rocha, Kleydson Diego da; Braz, Rafael Leite; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7332493832361305; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1327427785910347The approval of a fiscal incentives act for reforestation in 1966, which allowed forestry companies to reduce up to 50% of their taxes to invest in forest projects, made the Brazilian forestry sector to start developing and gaining prominence. With results superior to those presented by industries in general and the agriculture sector in the participation in the Gross Domestic Product (GDP), the forest sector can be considered as a very promising and important sector for the national economy. However, the specific contribution of the Northeast region is very small, even worse, the discussions about the issue and how to boost the sector in this region are scarce. Therefore, the objective of this work was to analyze the evolution of the northeastern forest sector in the period between 2006 and 2016, in comparison with the national forest sector, with the intention of identifying weaknesses and opportunities and proposing alternatives for the development of this sector in the aforementioned region, with emphasis on the state of Pernambuco. For that, secondary data obtained from the online portal of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) were used. The results showed that in Brazil forest production is strongly influenced by the economy, inspections, bans on the exploitation of native forests and availability of labor, while in the northeast the influences are more associated with economic, legal and bureaucratic issues. Among the forest products studied, wood was the one that presented the highest contributions of Pernambuco to Northeast (11.47%), followed by charcoal (0.65%) and log wood (0.10%) in the last year evaluated. It was concluded that the main forms of incentive to the forest sector in Pernambuco and the Northeast should be related to legal issues in the formalization of the sector, fortification of existing market and incentives both fiscal and industrial development.Item Produtividade e custos do corte de eucalipto com Feller-Buncher em função de angulações de derrubada(2018) Soares, Jean Gueiros; Hakamada, Rodrigo Eiji; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4186459700983170; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6211276690009951The present work aimed to perform the technical and economic analysis of the feller buncher operation in three different subsystems in a eucalyptus plantation through a study of time and motion and calculation of operating and production costs using the accounting method. The study was carried out in a forest harvesting area at Monte Alegre farm that belongs to the company Klabin S.A., and is located in Telêmaco Borba, state of Paraná. The subsystems 17 ° (T1), 45 ° (T2) and 90 ° (T3) were evaluated, differing one from another by the angle at which the wood bunchers newly cut by the equipment are arranged in the soil for later skidder operation. The equipment used for the analysis was a feller buncher of the brand Tigercat, model L870 C, with 3679 hours worked, equipped with engine Cummins QSL9 Tier III (diesel) of 224 kW/300 hp of nominal power at 1800 rpm and head of Tigercat cutter model ST5702. The results showed that the greatest element of the operational cycle found in the study was the cut/accumulation, which occupied about 70% of the effective working time of the equipment. The mechanical availability, degree of utilization and operational efficiency found were 93,85 and 77% respectively. The effective yield was 138.68, 138.91 and 149.00 m³ he-1 respectively in treatments 1 (17 °), 2 (45 °) and 3 (90 °). The fuel consumption of the equipment was 44.78 L he-1, reaching a specific consumption of 169.92 g kw-1 he-1 and an energy yield of 1.22, 1.22 and 1.14 g kw-1 m³ respectively for the 17 °, 45 ° and 90 ° subsystems. The operating cost of the feller buncher was R$ 371.68 per effective hour of work, making, under the conditions evaluated, a cost of production of R$ 2.68, R$ 2.68 and R$ 2.49 per cubic meter for the 17 °, 45 ° and 90 ° subsystems respectively. The 90° angle tipping subsystem was about 7% more productive, making the cost of production cheaper in this treatment, reinforcing that, if feasible, it is important that this subsystem is used.Item Regeneração natural do Parque Ecológico do Gravatá, no município de Eunápolis-BA(2018) Silva, Caio Victor Santos; Marangon, Luiz Carlos; Almeida, Danilo Sette de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7418157304387390; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6130999923981614; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7488530294972996Item Produtividade e custos do corte de eucalipto com Feller-Buncher em função de angulações de derrubada(2018) Soares, Jean Gueiros; Hakamada, Rodrigo Eiji; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4186459700983170; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6211276690009951The present work aimed to perform the technical and economic analysis of the feller buncher operation in three different subsystems in a eucalyptus plantation through a study of time and motion and calculation of operating and production costs using the accounting method. The study was carried out in a forest harvesting area at Monte Alegre farm that belongs to the company Klabin S.A., and is located in Telêmaco Borba, state of Paraná. The subsystems 17 ° (T1), 45 ° (T2) and 90 ° (T3) were evaluated, differing one from another by the angle at which the wood bunchers newly cut by the equipment are arranged in the soil for later skidder operation. The equipment used for the analysis was a feller buncher of the brand Tigercat, model L870 C, with 3679 hours worked, equipped with engine Cummins QSL9 Tier III (diesel) of 224 kW/300 hp of nominal power at 1800 rpm and head of Tigercat cutter model ST5702. The results showed that the greatest element of the operational cycle found in the study was the cut/accumulation, which occupied about 70% of the effective working time of the equipment. The mechanical availability, degree of utilization and operational efficiency found were 93,85 and 77% respectively. The effective yield was 138.68, 138.91 and 149.00 m³ he-1 respectively in treatments 1 (17 °), 2 (45 °) and 3 (90 °). The fuel consumption of the equipment was 44.78 L he-1, reaching a specific consumption of 169.92 g kw-1 he-1 and an energy yield of 1.22, 1.22 and 1.14 g kw-1 m³ respectively for the 17 °, 45 ° and 90 ° subsystems. The operating cost of the feller buncher was R$ 371.68 per effective hour of work, making, under the conditions evaluated, a cost of production of R$ 2.68, R$ 2.68 and R$ 2.49 per cubic meter for the 17 °, 45 ° and 90 ° subsystems respectively. The 90° angle tipping subsystem was about 7% more productive, making the cost of production cheaper in this treatment, reinforcing that, if feasible, it is important that this subsystem is used.Item Monitoramento tecnológico das espécies arbóreas nativas do Brasil(2018) Ribeiro, Isabele Arruda; Berger, Rute; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5395827385005105; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1080675525400531Brazil is a privileged country in geographical location and natural resources, is recognized worldwide for the high productivity of its planted areas and has many universities with innovative research, but on the other hand, it makes few uses of its biodiversity and its species are being studied and reverted in products by other countries. In this context, since the sectors of technological innovation and natural resources has great potential for Brazil, the objective of this work was to analyze the use of native tree species in technological innovations through the national and international patent system. From this, it was possible to: identify the most used species in Brazilian patents, its purpose, the endemism of these species and their distribution by phytogeographic domain; the number of Green Patents; the percentage of Universities, Individuals and Companies, and their source; and compare the national and international scenario. First, the search terms were organized in a table and used for technological monitoring in the INPI patent base. The collected data were analyzed, and once the used species were identified, the site Flora do Brasil was consulted for analyzes of the spatial distribution of these trees. Finally, based on the national results, a search was made on the main international basis. Only one of the documents was considered a Green Patent; 23 states deposited documents that use native tree species, with Sao Paulo being the largest depositor; despite having the fewest species, the Pampa and the Pantanal were the phytogeographic domains that used the most their species in the form of products and processes. Universities are the largest depositors in Brazil, and 16% of Brazilian deposits came from internationals. The main purpose of use was for medicinal preparations and the most cited species was Anacardiumoccidentale L. The species Theobroma grandiflorum (Willd. Ex Spreng.) K.Schum., is the endemic species that was cited in most patents deposited in Brazil, and was mentioned in 15 documents. When surveyed on the international basis, this species has 28 results from 21 countries, however, when the restriction of citing the species only on the document's front page is removed, it goesto 444 patents, which is almost the number of all patents with native tree species found in Brazil.Item Teores foliares de nitrogênio, fósforo e potássio de espécies florestais tratadas com biocarvão e adubos orgânicos no semiárido pernambucano(2018) Carvalho, Isadora Barros Moura de; Silva, José Antônio Aleixo da; Freire, Fernando José; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8371992516325399; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5674098794412714; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1883959486411942The objective of this work was to analyze N, P and K contents in the leaf material of an angico and eucalyptus' plantation submitted to different sources of fertilization. In order to do that, twenty five leaves of the trees crowns’s middle third were collected from the plot’s useful area. The collected material was packed in paper bags and taken into a forced ventilation oven at 65± 5º C until constant weight was obtained; posterior to that, the material was ground in a Wiley mill, passed through 1.0 mm steel screen and stored for analysis of N, P, K content. The angico was the species that presented the highest concentration of nutrients. Regarding the phosphorus, the fertilization treatment with fish farming residue presented higher levels in the angico, while for the eucalyptus higher levels were observed in the fertilization treatment with lake sediment. Regarding potassium the most expressive values were found in the fertilization treatments with fish farming residue and lake sediments for both species, which did not statistically differ from the control. However, significant differences were observed between the biochar and the other treatments for the eucalyptus. The highest levels of nitrogen were observed in the Angico and there was no significant difference among the treatments. Although the soil was rich in nutrients, it was observed that the sources of fertilization and managed species type interfered in the contents of some elements. The presence of nutrients in the soil is not a guarantee of assimilation by the plants, since many factors can influence the absorption of nutrients by the vegetable. It was concluded that fish farming residue and lake sediments, because of good concentrations of N and P, are alternatives to be used as fertilizers in planted forests.Item Suscetibilidade à erosão laminar (PNE) em Machados - PE(2018) Falcão, Cassiano José Lages Marinho; Duarte, Simone Mirtes Araújo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5876968040869585; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5445952042358738This paper aimed to estimate laminar erosion susceptibility in Machados County – PE, achieved using the adapted Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) and SIG for computing and analyzing data. The methodology used can be split in five steps: collection and integration of rainfall data on a thirty-year interval, local topography analysis using geoprocessing tools, laboratory analysis and posterior geolocation of local soils physical parameters and the final computation through the adapted USLE formulae. The achieved results allowed surmising that the County’s soil loss susceptibility is low, but significant, with a mean value reaching 368t/ha.year. The biggest influential factor was the topographic factor, averaging (…). Soil erodibility was considerably high, with a mean value of (…) and rain Erosivity, found to be (…) had the lowest impact on soil erosion. It is also possible to perceive a considerable spatial variation from the results, despite the reduced area of study, endorsing geotecnology use on its determination.Item Diagnóstico da arborização de vias públicas no entorno dos reservatórios elevados de água no município de Paulista-PE(2018) Silva, Satyro Barbosa da; Duarte, Simone Mirtes Araújo; Silva, Hernande Pereira da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1800835100486343; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5876968040869585; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6865576903260120The benefits that urban tree-planting provides to communities where there are established trees, such as providing shade for pedestrians, physical soil stabilization, reducing the impact of rain, avoiding heat islands and biological deserts, provide scenic beauty and psychological well-being are indisputable, barring or channeling the wind and dampening the sound. However, there are many difficulties encountered in establishing an afforestation project in consolidated urban communities, mainly due to lack of planning, adequate urban furniture, telephony, sanitation and electrical equipment. Trees are sometimes considered as negative points of conflict, being blamed for destroying sidewalks, disrupting electrical wiring, breaking pipes and causing accidents by falling branches or falling over. Based on the principle that the more trees, the better the thermal sensation and the less the need to use treated water in the search for this balance, this work proposes an afforestation project around the five reservoirs administered by Companhia Pernambucana de Saneamento – COMPESA, as a way to benefit communities, not only with sanitation, but also with afforestation. For that, aerial-photogrammetric images of 0.50 x 0.50 m resolution were used, the census of the trees was carried out in the surroundings of the five reservoirs used in the study of the city of Paulista, from which several indices were obtained that allowed to evaluate and elaborate an afforestation plan in the roads that offered the physical conditions to do so. A total of 1,222 individuals were collected, distributed in 19 botanical families and 43 species, in which 86.7% of the species are exotic to the Brazilian flora and 13.3% are native. The most frequent species around the reservoirs were: Ficus benjamina L. (29.7%), Roystonea oleracea (Jacq.) O.F. Cook. (11.3%) and Terminalia catappa L. (10.8%). Based on current standards and similar literature, localities, quantity, adequate distance and species to be planted on the public, road were proposed in order to bring back the well-being that the population needs, totaling 415 trees distributed in 15 species of native origin. The study also shows the need for public intervention through campaigns to raise awareness of the importance of trees and especially in the structuring of roads that lack proper attention.Item Teores foliares de nitrogênio, fósforo e potássio de espécies florestais tratadas com biocarvão e adubos orgânicos no semiárido pernambucano(2018) Carvalho, Isadora Barros Moura de; Silva, José Antônio Aleixo da; Freire, Fernando José; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8371992516325399; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5674098794412714; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1883959486411942The objective of this work was to analyze N, P and K contents in the leaf material of an angico and eucalyptus' plantation submitted to different sources of fertilization. In order to do that, twenty five leaves of the trees crowns’s middle third were collected from the plot’s useful area. The collected material was packed in paper bags and taken into a forced ventilation oven at 65 ± 5º C until constant weight was obtained; posterior to that, the material was ground in a Wiley mill, passed through 1.0 mm steel screen and stored for analysis of N, P, K content. The angico was the species that presented the highest concentration of nutrients. Regarding the phosphorus, the fertilization treatment with fish farming residue presented higher levels in the angico, while for the eucalyptus higher levels were observed in the fertilization treatment with lake sediment. Regarding potassium the most expressive values were found in the fertilization treatments with fish farming residue and lake sediments for both species, which did not statistically differ from the control. However, significant differences were observed between the biochar and the other treatments for the eucalyptus. The highest levels of nitrogen were observed in the Angico and there was no significant difference among the treatments. Although the soil was rich in nutrients, it was observed that the sources of fertilization and managed species type interfered in the contents of some elements. The presence of nutrients in the soil is not a guarantee of assimilation by the plants, since many factors can influence the absorption of nutrients by the vegetable. It was concluded that fish farming residue and lake sediments, because of good concentrations of N and P, are alternatives to be used as fertilizers in planted forests.Item Suscetibilidade à erosão laminar (PNE) em Machados - PE(2018) Falcão, Cassiano José Lages Marinho; Duarte, Simone Mirtes Araújo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5876968040869585; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5445952042358738This paper aimed to estimate laminar erosion susceptibility in Machados County – PE, achieved using the adapted Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) and SIG for computing and analyzing data. The methodology used can be split in five steps: collection and integration of rainfall data on a thirty-year interval, local topography analysis using geoprocessing tools, laboratory analysis and posterior geolocation of local soils physical parameters and the final computation through the adapted USLE formulae. The achieved results allowed surmising that the County’s soil loss susceptibility is low, but significant, with a mean value reaching 368t/ha.year. The biggest influential factor was the topographic factor, averaging (…). Soil erodibility was considerably high, with a mean value of (…) and rain Erosivity, found to be (…) had the lowest impact on soil erosion. It is also possible to perceive a considerable spatial variation from the results, despite the reduced area of study, endorsing geotecnology use on its determination.Item Análise temporal do uso e ocupação do solo da Bacia do Médio Jaguaribe - CE(2018) Castro, José Artur Borges de; Duarte, Simone Mirtes Araújo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5876968040869585The hydrographic region of the Middle Jaguaribe is an area of vital importance to the state of Ceará, benefiting the whole region around it with fish farming, irrigation, water transposition and, as a consequence of the dam, regulates the flow of the Jaguaribe River. Its construction began in 1995 and concluded in 2003. In recent years, there has been a reduction in precipitation, which means that reservoirs are not recharged, reducing local economic dynamics. Following this reasoning, the objective of this work is to make a temporal analysis of the use and occupation of the soil of the Jaguaribe mid basin during a period of nine years, between 2006 and 2015, using LANDSAT 5 ETM satellite images in the year 2006 and LANDSAT 8 OLI for 2015, provided by the United States Geological Survey (USGS), the images used in the process were recorded during the dry period of the region, and using GIS applications it is possible to quantify the exposed soil, vegetation, agricultural activities and urban areas , and estimating morphometric variables. The results show a visible reduction of vegetation and soil growth, caused by the reduction of the levels of the small reservoirs and by anthropic activities, and the morphometric results indicate that the basin is not conducive to flooding.Item Índice de área foliar a partir de fotografias hemisféricas em eucalyptus spp. no semiárido brasileiro(2018) Santos, Nattan Ádler Tavares dos; Berger, Rute; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5395827385005105; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5258487866382646Item Potencial energético dos resíduos gerados em madeireiras na Região Metropolitana do Recife - PE(2018) Damacena, Rafael Santos; Nogueira, Marcelo; Silva, Thiago Cardoso; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8962087913561252; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2791448000405507; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0769907892300910The exponential growth of the population brings with it several problems. Among them, a greater demand in the generation of energy of polluting sources and greater amount of residues generated. The objective of this work was to evaluate the energy potential of residues generated in two logging. Samples were collected at two logging sites located in the Metropolitan Region of Recife, in Pernambuco. The first sample obtained consisted of the mixture of dust residues of the species Maçaranduba (Manilkara sp.) And Jatobá (Hymenaea sp.). The second sample was a mixture of residues from two species, Maçaranduba and another unidentified The analyzes were carried out at the Forest Technology Laboratory, Department of Forestry Science, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco. The carbonisations were carried out in a digital muffle with temperature control of the brand MAGNU'S model 0910. The carbonization was performed at a rate of 1.4°C/min. Four carbonizations were performed, two for each sample. For the immediate analysis of the charcoal, the adaptation of the CETEC (1982) to ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) standards was used, thus it was possible to determine the contents of volatile material, ashes and by fixed carbon difference, dry basis. Charcoal produced by the mixed waste from two logging had an acceptable ash and ash content. The content of volatile materials is higher than desired and as a consequence has a lower fixed carbon content. The higher calorific value is above the average found in the study of Manilkara sp., Probably because the source material is not only maçaranduba. There was no significant difference between the results obtained by the samples, except for the moisture content.Item Efeitos alelopáticos de Tectona grandis L.F. sobre a germinação e desenvolvimento inicial da alface (Lactuca sativa L. F.)(2018) Silva, Márcia Cunegundes da; Lima, Tarcísio Viana de; Araujo, Emmanoella Costa Guaraná; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1659011614593700; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0814281560377954The objective of this work was to evaluate the allelopathic effects of aqueous extracts of Tectona grandis L.F. in various concentrations produced from leaves and flowers. The seeds of Lactuca sativa lettuce were used, with the germitest paper moistened with distilled water and the aqueous extracts in concentrations of 100%, 75%, 50%, 25% and as a control (0% distilled water). The extracts were homogeneously deposited on twentyfive seeds evenly distributed in gerbox boxes. The materials used in the experiment were previously sterilized with 70% alcohol. A completely randomized design with four replicates was used and the experiment was carried out under natural conditions of temperature and humidity, and the tests were carried out in the Laboratory of Forest Seeds (Lasf), the experiment was followed for 10 days at the same time and the variables analyzed were %G, IVG, TM and VM. The data were submitted to Analysis of Variance and compared by Tukey test with probability of 5% error. It was observed that there were no significant differences in leaf extracts and flowers with respect to %G, TM and MV, however, in IVG aqueous leaf extract significantly interfered in the highest concentrations (75% and 100%). It was possible to conclude that the species has an allelopathic potential in the IVG, while the flower extracts show that on VM the concentrations 25% and 100% differed statistically.Item Análise do uso e ocupação do solo e seus impactos no Município de Alagoinha - PE(2018) Silva, Jéssica Bruna Alves da; Duarte, Simone Mirtes Araújo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5876968040869585; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2314483831159897Geotechmoçogies and remote sensing help in the evaluation and monitoring of natural resources, in an effective and economical way, allowing the identification of the possible causes and consequences of the environment in the area interest. In this way, the present work aimed to evaluate the dynamicsof land use and occupation and its impacts in the city of Alagoinha - PE using geotechnology. All the geoprocessing was carried out in the free software SPRING 5.5.3, in which the numerical model of the terrain was performed using SRTM data, which enabled the characterization of the relief through the hypsometric and slope analysis.Trough the satelite images Landsat 7 ETM + and Landsat 8 OLI of the years 2002 and 2017, the Adjusted Multispectral Composition, the calculation of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index - NDVI, the classification of the use and occupation of the soil of the municipality and its anthropism, as well as the social imapcts of such use and occupation. It was observed that the largest area of the municipality (27,71%) is at altitude between 710-760m and the slope varies between 0 - 5° in 61.78% of the area, characterizing the relief with bein flat / smooth wavy. Regarding the results of the digital image processing, it was identified that all the established classes presented variations, and the classes that more attracted attention were the class of Dense Vegetation, that presented an increase of 16,04 km² (7.74%) of the area, and the Soil Exposed classe, which presented a decrease of 8.06 km² (3.87%). In the analysis of the social impacts, it was possible to establish a relationship with the assistance programs, in the Federal, State and Municipal spheres, with the increase of the vegetal cover, water mirrors and the reduction of the soil exposure, also noting that it was not environmental education and recognition of the importance of natural resources in the quality of life of the population.Item Delimitação e caracterização morfométrica da sub-bacia do Rio Gurjaú com o uso de geotecnologias(2018) Silva, Júlia Andresa Freitas da; Duarte, Simone Mirtes Araújo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5876968040869585; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5132661779293685The study of the characteristics of a river basin allows one to understand its dynamics and to carry out an adequate management of its resources. With this in view, the present work aimed to characterize morphometrically the sub-basin of the Gurjaú River, in the Metropolitan Region of Recife -PE, through geotechnologies. In this study, a shapefile of the municipalities of Pernambuco was used, which assisted as a visual reference to locate the water course, and an SRTM image of spatial resolution of 30 mx 30 m, referring to the study area, provided by the National Institute of Space Research (INPE). Using Google Earth Pro, the Gurjaú River was identified. The image was imported into the free software Spring 5.5.4 ̧ where the isolines, the water flow directionmatrix and the flow matrix accumulated in each cell were generated, which were used to delimit the sub-basin. The area and perimeter of the basin were measured and the water flowswere vectored. The altitude was rated 30 by 30 meters. The gradient grid was generated, and the maps of hypsometry and slope were elaborated. The following morphometric parameters were calculated: compaction coefficient (Kc), circularity index (Ic), shape factor (Kf), elongation ratio (Re), drainage network, drainage hierarchy, drainage density (Dd) (Dh), torrentiality coefficient (Ct), maintenance coefficient (Cm), roughness index (HD) and relief ratio (Rr). The minimum altitude found in the sub-basin was 0 m, and the maximum altitude was 370 m. The most representative altitude class along the sub-basin was between 90 and 120 m, while the least representative was between 360 and 390 m. The minimum slope was 0% and the maximum found was 181.57%. The relief of the region is mostly wavy, presenting between 8% and 20% of slope. The area found was 148,115 km², the perimeter was 68,948 km and the axial length of the sub-basin was 22,723 km. The values obtained for the morphometric characteristics were: Kc = 1.586; Ic =, 392; Kf = 0.287; RL = 0.604; total length of watercourses = 110,226 km; hierarchy of channels = 4th order; Dd = 0.744 km.-2; Dh = 0.317; Ct = 0.235; Cm = 1344.09 m².m-1; HD = 0.277; Rf = 16.28. It was possible to notice that the sub-basin of the Gurjaú River has an elongated form, with slopes not very steep, and therefore is not subject to floods.Item Área de preservação permanente nos cursos de água da Bacia do Rio São Pedro - PB(2018) Oliveira, Laura Maiara de Freitas; Duarte, Simone Mirtes Araújo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5876968040869585; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4957483273304674Since the beginning of human existence, this has been interfering with the stability and healthy development of nature. The vital need of fresh water for humanity, propels it to allocate itself in areas near the mirrors of water. However, today we understand that the constant presence of human actions and the removal of existing vegetation in these places, causes impacts to the sources and courses of water, which can result in the loss of these, to the environment. Considering the preservation and conservation of these environments, it is extremely important to investigate the areas considered as permanent preservation, which are protected according to the Brazilian Forest Code. The São Pedro River is the object of study of this work, it is located in rural area of the state of Paraíba. The objective is to investigate whether or not the legislation on Ciliary Forest, in this sub-basin, is considered as requiring 30 m of vegetation bordering its edges and radius of 50 m of vegetation in its springs. Geotechnology tools such as satellite images, SRTM images, Shapefiles and Spring software were used for these results, which allowed the observation and classification of these areas. The characterization of the occupation of the terrestrial surface and the antropism in the place were used. It was concluded that in the APPs of springs 50% and 28.33% are of sparse vegetation and soil exposed respectively, as well as, about 34.73% of sparse vegetation and 19.97% of soil exposed in the margins APPs. In the springs, 100% of the APPs have human interference, and approximately 85.92% in the river banks, which can generate serious future problems for the environment and even humans. Thus, it is observed the need for field studies in the most modified areas, as well as actions aimed at sensitizing the population on the importance of permanent preservation areas in rural areas.Item Carbonização e análise imediata do carvão vegetal da madeira de Mimosa caesalpiniaefolia Benth e Cupania racemose (Vell.) Radlk(2018-03-01) Gonçalves, Caio Pedro da Silveira; Nogueira, Marcelo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2791448000405507This paper had the objective of determining the gravimetric yield of the carbonization of Mimosa caesalpiniaefolia and Cupania racemose for charcoal characterization of the wood of these species and indicate the most viable for use as fuel. For the study, six individuals from Mimosa caesalpiniaefolia Benth and six from Cupania Racemosa (Vell.) Radlk were collected at the Pedra Bonita site in Chã-grande, PE, Brazil. The individuals were sectioned in disks along the shaft and later, chips of dimensions 49 x 20 x 4 mm were made along the trunk. The chips were homogenized, comminuted, quarteted and transported to the Forest Technology Laboratory of the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco. Each carbonization was conducted in a total time of 210 minutes at a maximum temperature of 460 ± 10 ° C in a temperature-controlled muffle type oven, rate of 1.4 °C/min after the first hour. NBR 8112/1986 was used, which prescribes the method for the immediate analysis of charcoal. In addition to the NBR, the immediate analysis was conducted according to an adaptation from CETEC (1982) to ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) standards. The basic density found for Mimosa caesalpiniaefolia and Cupania racemose was, respectively, 0.87 and 0.83 g / cm 3. The values of ash, volatile matter content, fixed carbon and gravimetric yield for the Sabiá were 1.74%, 46.89%, 44.49% and 44.34%, respectively; and for the Cabotã was 0.25%, 55.26%, 51.36% and 44.12%, respectively. Therefore, both the charcoal coming from Mimosa caesalpiniaefolia and from Cupania racemos have satisfactory characteristics for energy purposes. However, in comparison among the species studied, Cupania racemosa is the most suitable for use as fuel.Item Características físicas, químicas e energéticas de Poecilanthe grandiflora Benth.(2019) Figueiredo, Irismar Farias de; Baracho Junior, Expedito; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5574030858936157The objective of this work was to determine some physical and chemical properties of the wood of PoecilanthegrandifloraBenth, from Salgadinho municipality, João Bento Site of Batalha - Paraíba. The tests were carried out at the Forest Technology Laboratory of the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco - UFRPE, and at the Forest Products Laboratory of the Ministry of the Environment - MMA, in order to evaluate the results obtained. Disks were sectioned along the trunk to make the chips, presenting dimensions 50 x 20 x 2.5 mm. The carbonization process was carried out in a furnace adapted of the digital muffle type, in the total time of 3 hours and 30 minutes, reaching a maximum temperature of 450 ° C, having a heating rate of 1.4 ° C per minute. The standard used for immediate analysis was NBR 8112. For the wood of PoecilanthegrandifloraBenth, the ash and volatile materials, corresponding to 2.10% and 46.20%, respectively, were found through the immediate analysis of Coal. For the physical properties, 12.80% of moisture and 0.80 g / cm³ of basic density were obtained. In the Laboratory of the Ministry of the Environment, Ash and Extractive Content were found 1.79% and 14.94%, respectively. For basic and apparent density, 0.84 g / cm³ and 0.99 g / cm³ were obtained. It can be concluded that the wood presented good yield for energy generation, but also presented good technological characteristics, being classified as high density wood (class).