Engenharia Civil (UACSA)
URI permanente desta comunidadehttps://arandu.ufrpe.br/handle/123456789/2910
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APP - Artigo Publicado em Periódico
TAE - Trabalho Apresentado em Evento
TCC - Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso
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Resultados da Pesquisa
Item FERRAMENTAS LEAN PARA EMPREENDIMENTOS COM SISTEMA DE PAREDE DE CONCRETO ARMADO MOLDADA IN LOCO.(2022-04-13) Nunes, Samuel Hesli de Almeida; Galvão, Simone Perruci; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1523292800241605; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1529726349055934The constructive system of cast-in-place concrete walls is a method in which industrialized forms are used, embedded in the work itself, applied directly with concrete. This is a practically entirely industrialized system. Its great differential compared to traditional constructive models is mainly linked to the leaner cost due to its shorter execution time. With the application of new production methodologies to this system, it is possible to achieve not only the efficiency that the constructive method already promises, but also to propose a continuous improvement to the sector, increasing productivity, eliminating waste and adding value to the product. Within this aspect comes Lean Construction, a philosophy that carries tools and principles that, when properly applied, result in the optimization of processes and deliveries of a quality final product. This work is a study of the bibliographic review in order to investigate, select and propose the application of some tools that follow the principles of the Lean Construction philosophy, to the constructive system of concrete walls, with the intention of cooperating with the improvement of the sector performance. It was found that it is possible to apply Lean tools to the construction method of reinforced concrete walls cast "in loco" and this application brings several benefits to the system, such as: continuous improvement to the construction process; increased transparency of processes; cycle time reduction; increasing the value of products and reducing activities that do not add value. These results can be achieved through the use of tools such as: 5s Program, Andon, Kanban, PDCA Cycle, Physical Arrangement, Last Planner System (LPS), Line of Balance and Value Stream Mapping.Item Análise comparativa de preços e índices entre o SINAPI e apropriação em obra de edificação na cidade de Recife-PE(2024-08-15) Silva Júnior, José Carlos da; Verás, Juliana Claudino; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8199104094050794; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3351881847848169The budget of a construction project is essential in the civil construction industry, influencing business relationships and the feasibility of projects. Cost engineering professionals and construction companies use cost reference systems, such as the National System of Research on Costs and Indices of Civil Construction (SINAPI), created in 1986 by the Caixa Econômica Federal. SINAPI standardizes public work budgets by collecting data on consumption, productivity, and prices, especially in the residential sector. This work aims to conduct a comparative analysis between the cost compositions of SINAPI and those assessed in the field by the author, highlighting the practical relevance for budgeting professionals. Understanding the differences between SINAPI references and actual values is crucial for more accurate estimates. The methodology combines qualitative and quantitative approaches to identify the most relevant services in the project budget. The ABC curve analysis was used to classify services based on their financial importance. Unit cost compositions were developed using SINAPI data from August 2023, extracting consumption indices for materials, labor, and the unit cost of inputs. A critical analysis was also conducted on the variations between SINAPI prices and those practiced in the market. During the analysis, it was noted that SINAPI prices do not always reflect the negotiating power of construction companies, which often negotiate bulk purchases, resulting in the underestimation of compositions for larger projects. Items not included in SINAPI's compositions were frequently identified, impacting the final budget. However, consistency in productivity indices was observed in most compositions. The analyzed services showed a negative deviation of 2.66% in total cost compared to SINAPI's compositions, but individual deviations varied significantly, with differences reaching 60.94% negative and up to 28.26% positive. The analysis highlights the importance of a critical approach in budget preparation. Although SINAPI is a valuable reference, it is essential for professionals to consider the specificities of each project and adjust the compositions as necessary. The balance between standardization and flexibility is crucial for more accurate and well-founded estimates.Item Correlação entre os dados deflectométricos obtidos com viga Benkelman e Deflectômetro de Peso Leve (LWD): estudo de caso para análise do comportamento mecânico do pavimento(2023-09-18) Cabral, Maurício Nunes; Francelino, Martônio José Marques; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5457079260891955; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9003257587764034This article presents a case study for reflecting on the best practices necessary for an investigation regarding the criteria required for correlations of deflection measurements of pavement using similar devices. Deflections, in addition to playing a fundamental role in assessing structural integrity and pavement performance, are one of the key pieces of information for designing reinforcements in these structures. The Benkelman Beam (BB), a well-established and commonly used deflectometric device, has its data widely used as input parameters in various pavement reinforcement methods. Given this perspective, the present article aims to analyze the feasibility of using the Lightweight Deflectometer (LWD) test, whose use has grown in recent years, and its deflection data for the same purposes as the Benkelman Beam data. In this context, for comparative data collection, this research presents the study conducted on two highways, both featuring two segments, one with hot mix asphalt (HMA) pavement and the other over compacted natural soil. Subsequently, using Excel software, a statistical analysis with regression models was conducted with the deflectometric measurements obtained in the field and compared with studies by other authors. The results indicated the impossibility of establishing a valid correlation between the two devices in this case study; however, they do allow for reflection on the essential criteria for obtaining these field data.Item Impactos causados em cobertas originárias de anomalias de projetos, execução, materiais ou falhas de manutenção, em residências em São José do Egito – PE(2024-10-02) Leite, Camilla do Nascimento; Galvão, Simone Perruci; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1523292800241605; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1114202981400643Negligence in various stages of a construction, such as: project preparation, execution and maintenance, can lead to the emergence of pathological manifestations, with different intensities, which can compromise the whole building. For example, infiltrations in residential roofs, which can affect the residents' quality of life. The preparation of detailed projects and the execution of services under the supervision of legally qualified professionals, without neglecting the regular maintenance stage, become essential to guarantee the useful life of the project. This study is an analysis, through case studies, carried out in 10 homes in São José do Egito - PE. The study evaluated the construction systems used in the roofs of these residences, interviews were carried out with residents and internal inspections were carried out in all selected residences. From this preliminary analysis it was possible to hypothesize the main origins, causes and mechanisms associated with the main manifestations detected, in order to arrive at a diagnosis of the problems found. Through this study it was possible to verify the importance of properly executing services, rigorous control during the execution of the work and the need to carry out preventive maintenance. Residents' lack of knowledge about the construction systems of their own homes and the basic needs of a building were noted, representing a vulnerability and a tendency towards the problems presented. Lack of projects to implement roofing systems, absence of an engineer to supervise and monitor the work and lack of or inadequate maintenance were detected. In the 10 homes analyzed, 80% had infiltration problems originated from the roof area. Only 20% of homes carried out steps such as: planning, design and services were monitored by a civil engineer; however, only one of these homes underwent periodic preventive maintenance. Therefore, it is stated that carrying out a project, monitoring during execution and paying attention to post-work, carrying out preventive maintenance, is essential to guarantee the comfort and safety of buildings.Item Mensuração do retrabalho e análise dos seus impactos em um empreendimento da construção civil(2024-10-03) Moura, Raquel dos Santos; Silva, Robson José; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7515677435963888; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8570705550619688With the increase in activities in the construction industry, one of the sectors that consumes the most natural resources and generates the greatest environmental impacts, there has been a growing need to seek more sustainable construction methods. In this pursuit, one way to promote better resource use is to ensure that processes do not need to be redone, i.e., to avoid rework. The present study proposed a case study aimed at measuring rework, analyzing its impacts, and defining corrective actions in a construction project. A total of 34 rework incidents and their 486 occurrences were analyzed for the stages of sealing, installation and finishing. Rework activities were mainly generated by failures in planning, scheduling, engineering, and supervision. These situations resulted in an additional cost of approximately 301,000 reais for the project. Based on the findings, a checklist was created that included preventive and corrective measures to reduce rework activities, with actions to be implemented such as allowing more planning time before the execution of activities, ensuring more assertive communication between engineering and suppliers, and training employees whenever there is a change in sector.Item Disruptores endócrinos e seus efeitos na contaminação de recursos hídricos e qualidade da água: uma revisão bibliográfica sobre os riscos ao meio ambiente e saúde pública(2024-10-01) Lima, Palloma Alves de; Silva, Robson José; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7515677435963888; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7650929240255507Endocrine Disruptors (EDs) are chemical substances that interfere with estrogenic activities in the environment and promote the incidence of diseases. When in contact with the body, these substances cause deregulation capable of damaging and/or inhibiting the functioning of an endocrine organ. In this context, contamination by EDs can occur through several routes, including contact with water, food consumption, and biological transfer. That said, high concentrations of EDs in water cause adverse effects on animal life, such as reproductive and hormonal problems. In turn, in humans, EDs can promote changes in the reproductive system, dysfunctions in the nervous system, and neurobehavioral effects, such as autism. In view of this finding, this paper presents a bibliographic review on the association between EDs and their effects on the contamination of water resources and water quality, especially with regard to the environment and public health, with emphasis on Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The work was developed based on research in the main electronic databases: CAPES, SciELO and Google Scholar Periodicals; within the sample space of 24 years. As a result, cases were observed in which the presence of glyphosate, plasticizers and drugs were associated with speech delay, loss of developmental skills, seizures and diagnosis of ASD. In general, a direct relationship was observed in the vast majority of studies between the interference of endocrine disruptors and the increase in children diagnosed with ASD. In order to mitigate the neurobehavioral effects caused by contamination of water bodies, forms of water treatment to remove EDs were presented.Item Impactos da implementação de ferramentas de gestão de obras em construções de edificações convencionais(2024-09-10) Alves, Paulo Florencio Sena; Galvão, Simone Perruci; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1523292800241605; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4316215641876297The construction industry is constantly evolving, driven by technological advancements and the adoption of new building methods. The study and application of management methods are essential to ensure efficiency and quality at all stages of construction, impacting productivity and project profitability. This article analyzes the influence of construction management tools on meeting deadlines, financial efficiency, and quality control. Three construction companies were examined, each adopting distinct approaches to implementing these tools. The methodology included both bibliographic and field research, allowing for a comparison between management practices and the results achieved. The analysis revealed that companies that utilized management tools achieved better results in costs, deadlines, and quality standards, indicating that the adoption of these tools is fundamental to the success of projects. This enables the prediction and correction of errors, adjustment of team and material allocation, on-time delivery, and avoidance of rework due to quality issues.Item Ocorrência de manchas em fachadas após serviços de manutenção: origem, causa, fenômeno e mecanismos associados(2024-09-04) Correia, Luiz Paulo da Silva; Galvão, Simone Perruci; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1523292800241605; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7238640995443149The appearance of stains on building facades is a common problem in urban environments, which can be caused by various factors including weather conditions, air pollutants, biological agents, and associated with material failures or construction methods, or resulting from poor or insufficient maintenance services. These stains not only affect the aesthetics of facades but may also indicate deeper issues such as infiltrations, material deterioration, and compromise of structural integrity. This study consists of a multidisciplinary investigation through case studies, aiming to identify the possible origins, causes, and associated phenomena of the pathological manifestation: stains observed after facade maintenance. The case study was conducted in three residential buildings, two located in Jaboatão dos Guararapes, near the coast of Piedade and Candeias, and one in Cabo de Santo Agostinho, near the beachfront of Paiva. The purpose of the study was to analyze the appearance of stains on facades, particularly in the grout regions, extending to ceramic coatings. Visual inspections of the site, analysis of the execution method adopted in the service, damage mapping, interviews with maintenance teams, evaluations of materials used were conducted to diagnose the problem. The results indicated that the local atmospheric factor, namely the saline mist of the region, and the material used in the grout production, were decisive factors in causing the appearance of stains. In the service execution, a polymeric material was incorporated into the grout to enhance its adhesion, replacing a traditionally used product (emulsion of an acrylic copolymer) with a newly launched product (acrylic-based polymeric adhesive), which likely contributed to the appearance of white stains on the facades of the highlighted buildings. The eastern façade region was the most affected, likely indicating the influence of saline mist carried by the wind, with its deposits embedded in the grout material, which was destabilized by the action of water.Item Empreendedorismo na engenharia civil: como montar sua própria empresa(2024-04-28) Silva, Dárlisson Oliveira; Borgatto, André Vinicius Azevedo; Pina, Euclides Apolinário Cabral de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2192310329330578; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4203791139862449; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2949295320837090The purpose of this work is to promote the basic knowledge necessary to undertake in the civil engineering sector. Through data collection, it has been identified that Brazil is not a country with favorable conditions for entrepreneurship. Therefore, those who wish to pursue this path must have sufficient knowledge to deal with this factor and the adversities that come with starting a business. To increase the chances of success, it is necessary to choose a niche market to operate in, as this way the company is more likely to become a reference in the industry and consequently attract more clients. To be able to operate, it is necessary to regularize the company through registration with the necessary authorities, obtain operating permits, and have qualified technical professionals, as well as comply with the current laws for the field of operation. Managing a company involves considering a high number of variables, so the use of tools that assist in this process is essential for the success of the enterprise. Having a well-elaborated business plan, for example, allows the company to have better control of the path it is taking. During the operation of the business, it is possible that it may face periods of recession in the industry, and the company must be prepared for such situations. Therefore, it is important to pre-prepare a crisis management plan to minimize damages. In addition, the company should constantly seek innovation, as remaining stagnant in a dynamic market is risky. Therefore, investing in creating an innovative culture is essential for the sustainability of the company in the market. To achieve success, it is crucial to have clarity in defining the vision, mission, goals, and objectives of the company. Employees play a crucial role in this process. Finally, it is essential for the organization to properly manage its available human and financial resources to maximize its results.Item Estudo do aproveitamento do lodo oriundo das ETES na construção civil: de rejeito a recurso ambiental(2024-03-02) Souza, Tatiana Pereira da Silva; Silva, Robson José; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7515677435963888; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2336570792811598A Sewage Treatment Station (ETE) refers to a publicly or privately owned structure used for the treatment of sanitary sewage. The sewage sludge generated in the treatment process presents a high potential risk to public health and the environment. Its final destination also denotes concern, given the large quantity generated. Furthermore, when not managed properly, it can cause serious socio-environmental problems. In this sense, the search for solutions and alternatives that can solve or reduce the environmental problems faced is eminent. Thus, the proposed objective was to study, through a careful literature review, the origin and characterization of STP sludge and its potential in civil construction, based on its application as a supplementary material to mortar, concrete and paving. The work was carried out through research in the main databases: CAPES Periodicals, Google Scholar, Scielo and Scopus; with works published in the last 30 years. As a result, when evaluating the mortar, the most recommended sludge incorporation levels were 10% and 20%. For concrete, replacing fine aggregate or adding cement to sludge presented the levels of 5% and 10% as the most had the best dosage values in the order of 5% to 7%. In general terms, ETE sludge was viable for use in civil construction, demonstrating its potential use as an environmental resource.