Análise comparativa de preços e índices entre o SINAPI e apropriação em obra de edificação na cidade de Recife-PE

Abstract

The budget of a construction project is essential in the civil construction industry, influencing business relationships and the feasibility of projects. Cost engineering professionals and construction companies use cost reference systems, such as the National System of Research on Costs and Indices of Civil Construction (SINAPI), created in 1986 by the Caixa Econômica Federal. SINAPI standardizes public work budgets by collecting data on consumption, productivity, and prices, especially in the residential sector. This work aims to conduct a comparative analysis between the cost compositions of SINAPI and those assessed in the field by the author, highlighting the practical relevance for budgeting professionals. Understanding the differences between SINAPI references and actual values is crucial for more accurate estimates. The methodology combines qualitative and quantitative approaches to identify the most relevant services in the project budget. The ABC curve analysis was used to classify services based on their financial importance. Unit cost compositions were developed using SINAPI data from August 2023, extracting consumption indices for materials, labor, and the unit cost of inputs. A critical analysis was also conducted on the variations between SINAPI prices and those practiced in the market. During the analysis, it was noted that SINAPI prices do not always reflect the negotiating power of construction companies, which often negotiate bulk purchases, resulting in the underestimation of compositions for larger projects. Items not included in SINAPI's compositions were frequently identified, impacting the final budget. However, consistency in productivity indices was observed in most compositions. The analyzed services showed a negative deviation of 2.66% in total cost compared to SINAPI's compositions, but individual deviations varied significantly, with differences reaching 60.94% negative and up to 28.26% positive. The analysis highlights the importance of a critical approach in budget preparation. Although SINAPI is a valuable reference, it is essential for professionals to consider the specificities of each project and adjust the compositions as necessary. The balance between standardization and flexibility is crucial for more accurate and well-founded estimates.