Engenharia Civil (UACSA)

URI permanente desta comunidadehttps://arandu.ufrpe.br/handle/123456789/2910

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APP - Artigo Publicado em Periódico
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Gestão de resíduos de construção e demolição aplicada no município do Recife
(2017-08-08) Santana, Vitor Carneiro de; Galvão, Simone Perruci; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1523292800241605; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6721685438361084
Civil construction is one of the sectors with the largest participation in the Brazilian economy. However, the high dynamism of this activity leads to an increase in the generation of construction and demolition waste (RCD), promoting greater environmental impacts if managed improperly. For this reason, it becomes relevant to know the main measures adopted by civil construction companies and by the municipal bodies competent for the prevention and final destination of these wastes. This study presents an exposition of the main management policies of construction and demolition waste adopted by the public management of the city of Recife and in five works located in the municipality. In order to do this, we carried out on-site visits to buildings and to the Urban Maintenance and Cleaning Company (EMLURB), in order to obtain data pertinent to the research. The data were collected through interviews, using an electronic questionnaire associated to the virtual platform Google Forms as an instrument. The information acquired was verified according to the guidelines of CONAMA Resolution Nº 307/2002. Thus, it was verified the existence of municipal legislations on the adequate destination of RCD that assign responsibilities to the companies and the municipal organs of urban cleaning. Regarding waste management, it was verified that the type of disposal most adopted among the companies of this study was the collection and final disposal of private landfills, while one of the companies adopts the waste recycling service for reuse in the work.
Análise de mapa de danos das fachadas de igrejas históricas tombadas localizadas no município de Jaboatão dos Guararapes
(2017-08-29) Silva, Anderson José da; Araujo, Fernanda Wanderley Correa de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7616387320307731; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0895425089026343
The facade of a building is the system that first impresses people. In this sense, they can cause the appreciation or the devaluation of the property, depending on parameters such as the presence of pathologies and the architecture employed. The historic building will always present a greater difficulty to appreciate its facade, since the external agents have caused a constant decrease of its useful life over the years. The present study intends to analyze how the current state of conservation of the main facades of the historical churches is located in the municipality of Jaboatão dos Guararapes through the construction of damage maps. In this context the buildings treated were: the Church of Our Lady of Piedade, the Church of Our Lady of Prazeres and the Church of Our Lady of Loreto. It was necessary to make a bibliographical survey about the most recurrent pathologies to these systems and obtained the following parameters: mold / mildew, paint stripping, vegetation, detachment and cracks. For the recognition of these pathological manifestations, techniques were used for preliminary inspections, with on-site visits, visual inspections and photographic records. After due treatment of the data, it was observed that the humidity and the precipitation incidence were the factors that contributed the most to the pathologies in these frontispieces, because both contributed to the proliferation of fungi and vegetation and to the superficial erosion of the rocks.
Classificação e quantificação dos resíduos de construção e demolição (RCD) e suas pontencialidades de reciclagem ou reutilização em cinco obras de edificação na cidade do Recife
(2017-08-30) Amorim Júnior, Laelson de Andrade; Galvão, Simone Perruci; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1523292800241605; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7943300714310248
The city of Recife, region with several natural landscapes and attractive for tourism, business and leisure, has been developing annually. In most of the neighborhoods, there are large buildings being erected, leading the academic community and the state to worry about the type of policy adopted for the disposal, reuse and recycling of solid waste generated in construction, in order to avoid the environmental impact. In the Northeast Region of Brazil alone, 24,310 t / day of construction and demolition waste (CDW) were collected. Good results have already been visualized by Brazilian researchers regarding the reuse of residues, especially those of class A, generated on site. This work has proposed to classify the different types of construction and demolition waste and to indicate different forms of reuse in construction works in the city of Recife. Five (5) works were evaluated, from four (4) companies, located in different districts of Recife. To obtain the desired data, an electronic questionnaire, google forms platform, was developed by the research group. The construction traditional system of reinforced concrete was the main visualized in the works analyzed, generating as main types of residues: ceramic bricks, mortars, plaster, concrete and wood. In this work, recycling practices were verified in one of the analyzed companies, where brick and tile residues were reprocessed and used as a small aggregate for making mortars and lean concrete. However, the vast
Avaliação das características geomecânicas do solo da área destinada à construção do campus definitivo da Unidade Acadêmica do Cabo de Santo Agostinho - UFRPE
(2017-08-31) Couto, André Vinícius Melo; Lins, Cecília Maria Mota Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4861195143983172; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4544033112109443
Classificação dos resíduos de construção e demolição (RCD) e potencialidades de reciclagem ou reutilização em obras de edificação na região de Ipojuca: Muro Alto
(2017-09-01) Nascimento, Lucas Costa do; Galvão, Simone Perruci; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1523292800241605; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7949189322240161
The environmental concern is recurrent in today's world, and the practices developed by both society and government aim to reduce the number of waste disposed indiscriminately in the environment are inevitable. Construction and demolition waste (RCD) discarded and exposed irregularly in the urban environment, generates the proliferation of vectors, among other negative aspects, being this over the years studied, assuming a possible material potential for reuse. With the objective of quantifying and characterizing the types of construction and demolition residues from buildings (vertical constructions) in the city of Ipojuca: Muro Alto, and later establishing a specific use for the reuse of these wastes, a field research was carried out , from questionnaires and the consultation of PGRCCs of medium and large companies, in the indicated districts. It was concluded that large construction companies that have certifications such as ISO 9001 and 14001, follow, in great part, waste management policies. Meanwhile, the medium-sized construction company analyzed, without strict control and planning, the RCD generated on site. Much of the waste generated by the companies is rubble or debris: remnants of mortars, concrete - demolition, remains of tiles, class A waste, which can be reused and recyclable.
Estudo de viabilidade de um muro residencial sustentável para aproveitamento de água da chuva
(2017-09-01) Brito, André William Barbosa; Millán, Miguel Alejandro Zorro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9473835336187621; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1589879584642925
Brazil is a privileged country in the world due to its hydrographic wealth. However, there are regions of the country where rates of water shortage are alarming. One example is the Brazilian northeast, which faces a water crisis during most of the year. In addition, the consumption of drinking water for activities that do not require this water has grown. In this context, the main objective of this research is to analyze the feasibility of installing a sustainable residential wall for the use of rainwater in the municipality of Cabo de Santo Agostinho, as a solution for the adequate use of drinking water and a way of minimizing water shortage. For the development of this study, rainfall data were obtained from the city and the metropolitan area of Recife and dimensioned horizontal gutters and ducts according to NBR 10844 (1989). In addition, a model residence was chosen according to the socioeconomic aspects of the municipality, the costs and ways of obtaining materials from the wall were analyzed, as well as its efficiency in relation to the rainfall data of the region where the house is located during the months of the year. It is demonstrated that the sustainable wall for the use of rainwater can be feasible to be applied in Cabo de Santo Agostinho, since it presents low cost compared to other forms of vertical reservoirs, good efficiency and simplicity in its installation, providing a great shape and adequate use of rainwater.
Estudo do comportamento mecânico de estruturas submetidas a corregamento estático
(2019-01-31) Araujo, Joice Ferreira Nunes de; Silva, Jordlly Reydson de Barros; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4382584044561547; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6554335127800409
During the structural design, it is essential to know the mechanical behavior of structural elements once it enables to understand the deformation and the internal forces acting in the system. However, until the mid-twentieth century, for certain types of structures, performing this analysis accurately was a challenging task because of the difficulty and quantity of calculations involved. This scenario began to change with the advent of the computer, which allowed the application of mathematical techniques, such as the Finite Element Method, to structural analysis, providing greater precision in the evaluations. Thus, based on the importance of these for civil construction, this work had as objective to provide the interpretation of the mechanical behavior of a deep beam subjected to static loads. For this, the software ABAQUS/CAE, student version 2018, was used to simulate the chosen example, detailing each step of the simulation process and how each of these can influence the results. Therefore, the computational simulation of the deep beam allowed to analyze the stress distribution along the element.
Avaliação das propriedades mecânicas de um concreto não estrutural utilizando agregado de PET em substituição ao agregado miúdo
(2019-02-01) Meireles, Hygor Alves; Galvão, Simone Perruci; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1523292800241605; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4436024273659412
Monitoramento físico-químico e ambiental dos solos do Complexo Industrial Portuário de Suape, Região Metropolitana do Recife, Pernambuco, Brasil
(2019-05-22) Silva, Rodrigo Atanasio; Moraes, Alex Souza; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0440163845324480; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9853341999557777
The present work refers to the study of the physical and chemical characteristics of the soils located in the areas of the Industrial and Port complex of Suape. They were obtained by carrying out a collection in 11 points spread within an area of 450 m², uniformly determined, to have a greater and better representation of the study area. The analyzes made in the laboratory served to determine the granulometry, consistency limits, color and main elements present in the different types of soils. The results obtained show a grouping of two large groups S8, S9, S3, S4, S2, S5 and S7, S11, S10, S6, S1 the first group presents soils with darker colors that are linked with the high amount of clay and the high value of IP. The second group has lighter colors and low amounts of clay, consequently, low IP values.
Análise de viabilidade entre concretos dosados pelos métodos da ACCP/ACI e IPT/USP
(2019-07-08) Nascimento, Lucas Costa do; Araújo, Fernanda Wanderley Correa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7616387320307731; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7949189322240161
The proper determination of the proportion of materials in the production of a concrete can imply a significant reduction of the final cost of work, since it is one of the materials most used in construction. The wide use in civil works indicates the need to rationalize the quantity of materials composing the mixture by determining an efficient feature that allows an adequate interconnection between the different physical properties required of a concrete with the lowest possible cost. This study presents a comparative analysis of physical and mechanical properties, material consumption and cost between two dosing methods: the one proposed by the Brazilian Portland Cement Association (ABCP), which is an adaptation of the ICA method, and the experimental method IPT / EPUSP. From initial parameters (concrete volume, compressive strength, cone trunk abatement and physical properties of cement and aggregates) and following the prescriptions and steps described by the methods, the respective traces were determined for the molding of a certain amount of ruptured specimens aged 14 and 28 days. With the obtained data, it was verified that both methods are able to provide concretes with the predefined physical properties. In terms of cost, the financial analysis of material consumption, based on the reference prices of the National System of Costs Survey and Civil Construction Indices (SINAPI / PE April-2019), verified a greater material saving by the IPT / EPUSP.
Análise dos tipos de cura e sua influência no ganho de resistência à compressão em um concreto convencional
(2019-07-08) Silva, Jéssica Ferreira da; Galvão, Simone Perruci; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1523292800241605
The curing procedure consists of protecting the surface of the concrete from the environment to which it is exposed, avoiding the excessive loss of water from kneading and early formation of cracks. Is essential for the development of concrete strength and for its integrity in the first moments of the hydration. The order to analyze the different curing methods and their influence on the property of characteristic resistance to the compression of a conventional concrete for 30MPa, it work examined three types of cure, among them: thermal cure at 70ºC, wet cure by immersion in water and wet cure by immersion in calcium hydroxide solution. For the thermal curing a device was developed using the Arduino so that the expected conditions were reached. From the analysis obtained in this work it was observed that the thermal and wet curing by immersion in water were more effective at the age of 7 days, compared to the wet curing in saturated lime solution. At 28 days, the cure by immersion in calcium hydroxide solution showed the highest strength gain compared to other types of cure, showing an increase of 1.42 MPa compared to the cure made by immersion in water for 3 days, and 1.97 MPa in relation to thermal cure.
Projeto estrutural de vigas-parede biapoiadas de concreto armado
(2019-07-09) Couto, André Vinícius Melo; Silva, Jordlly Reydson de Barros; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4382584044561547; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4544033112109443
The purpose of this work is to present the main fundamentals of single-span deep beams structural design, and analyze these elements through the Finite Element Method (FEM), using ABAQUS/CAE software, student version. During the study, a design procedure is discussed, which is implemented in the Smath Studio software. A discussion is also made about the FEM modeling procedure, such as the deep beam information implementation, such as material, supports and applied loads. Thus, for a problem present in the literature, the support tensions, provided by the software are compared, verifying the proximity of the answers obtained. Finally, a parameter study of the problem is made, through the Smath Studio routine, observing the influence of geometric parameters and loads on the behavior of the structure.
A influência da gestão de pessoas no clima organizacional na Engenharia Civil: um estudo de caso aplicado a uma secretaria de obras públicas
(2019-07-10) Monteiro, Gustavo José Rodrigues; Bento, Kaique Dias; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0159181694024505; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2946937082272919
This article presents the main conclusions of an exploratory investigation, which has the purpose of evaluating a civil engineering company, more precisely the Public Works Department of Cabo de Santo Agostinho, regarding the management of people and whether it collaborates for the climate organizational structure. This research emphasizes the following aspects: Human Resource Management (HRM) policies and practices, processes of motivation, communication and leadership. The tool used to collect the data was a questionnaire containing 33 questions, encompassing all the variables of the research. The results were obtained from a non-probabilistic sample of 23 respondents. The collected data indicate that the policies and practices of people management are still new: There are difficulties of communication between hierarchical levels. The motivational level of the respondents is often low, since they feel undervalued, and the policies and HRM practices fail to ensure an organizational climate that meets the needs of the secretariat staff.
Estudo da vulnerabilidade ambiental da barragem de Tapacurá pelo aporte natural do solo, Zona da Mata norte de Pernambuco, Brasil
(2019-07-10) Lima, Nívea Ramos de; Moraes, Alex Souza; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0440163845324480; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5045118226452812
Aprocess of use and occupation of the soils of hydrographic basins, it generates consequences as the increment of materials for the interior of the dam, thereby it is necessary to establish references about the current stage of contamination regarding the quality of the Sediments inside the Tapacurá Dam, which monitoring will allow a more systemic view of the area, regarding the excess or scarcity of some chemical elements, and serve as a geochemical and environmental study on the quality of the sediments present in this basin, aiming the construction of the EIA / RIME. The sediment samples were collected using a VAN VEEN dredger at predetermined points and destined to the laboratory, where the samples were prepared to follow for chemical analysis of the metals present in the sediments. As a first result, from the depths measured at each point, the map of the bathymetry of the Tapacurá basin was made. The toxicity of soil and sediment samples from the surrounding area of the dam was calculated from bibliographies serving as reference about the contribution of the elements to the basin. Finally, from the Enrichment Factor (EF) that was calculated using the Iron as normalizer element, it indicated that there is enrichment of Cadmium in all collected points distributed inside and outside the basin. However there are similarities between the values, it is not possible to confirm the origin of the change, making it necessary future studies that could recognize the nature of this element.
Influência de fatores antrópicos na qualidade das águas subterrâneas da comunidade de Itapuama, Cabo de Santo Agostinho - PE
(2019-07-11) Silva, Anderson José da; Silva, Robson José; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7515677435963888; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0895425089026343
Influência da resistência característica (fck) na taxa de armadura em lajes nervuradas de concreto armado sob diferentes configurações de apoio para os concretos do grupo I e II de resistência, segundo a NBR 6118 (ABNT, 2014)
(2019-07-12) Amorim Júnior, Laelson de Andrade; Melo, Weslley Imperiano Gomes de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4789771132461158; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7943300714310248
Ribbed slabs are being widely used in civil construction because they allow for large spans with low reinforcement rate, low concrete consumption and lower own weight, compared to massive type slabs, thus allowing execution of slender structures and consequently more economical. In addition to being easy to perform, it can be performed on site or through precast material and in various types of buildings, from homes to large hospitals and malls. Thus, the present work aims to verify influence of (fck) on the reinforcement rate in reinforced concrete ribbed slabs under different support configurations for strength groups I and II concretes, according to NBR 6118 (ABNT, 2014 ), through case study and elaboration of sizing routines based on the current literature. It can be observed that, for proposed case study, the increase of the (fck) had no great influence on reduction of the reinforcement rate, with only a 8.4% decrease in steel section, generating a cost reduction of 34% in its consumption, while the concrete had a significant increase of 190% in her cost. However, such an analysis was made only for ordinary residential buildings with small spans and small loads, so for spans and loading of special works such as bridges, nothing can be afirm.
Análise estrutural de placas retangulares submetidas a carregamentos estáticos trapezoidais
(2019-07-12) Santana, Vitor Carneiro de; Melo, Weslley Imperiano Gomes de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4789771132461158; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6721685438361084
One of the fundamental steps in structural design is the internal force analysis and initial displacements of a given element when it is subject to an external loading. In the case of surface structural elements, this analysis becomes more complex due to the two-dimensional effect on bending forces, requiring the use of methods that describe the structure behavior in a simplified manner. One of the methods commonly used in plates is the static plate analysis according to Kirchoff's theory for thin plates, where, by solving the differential plate equation (also called the Sophie-Germain-Lagrange equation), tables are generated for the calculations of internal forces and deflections. One of the crucial parameters of differential stress and transverse displacement equations is the Poisson's ratio, which is commonly set at a value of 0.20 for concrete slabs. This study presents an analysis of the influence of Poisson’s ratio variation on internal forces and deflection of simply supported plates, subjected to linearly distributed loads (trapezoidal shape). For this, from the resolution of the Sophie-Germain-Lagrange differential equation by the Navier method, calculation tables were generated for constant and triangular loads, with the Poisson’s ratio ranging from 0.00 to 0.40. These tables were validated by comparative analysis of the results with established bibliographies and the ANSYS Student 2019 R1 software, obtaining percentage differences of up to 3.19% and 7.12% for constant and triangular loading, respectively. From the results, it was verified that the increase in Poisson’s ratio values resulted in larger bending moments and in the reduction of torsional moments and shear forces.
Análise técnica de blocos cerâmicos de diferentes fabricantes comercializados na cidade do Cabo de Santo Agostinho de acordo com a norma NBR15270:2017
(2019-07-12) Silva, Darliane Maria da; Galvão, Simone Perruci; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1523292800241605; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1329373862669135
Análise funcional e econômica da obra de requalificação da rua Iati – Jaboatão Guararapes com o uso dos parâmetros topográficos e do índice de suporte Califórnia
(2019-12-05) Brito, André William Barbosa; Francelino, Martônio José Marques; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5457079260891955; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1589879584642925
Brazil is a country in the world where its road network predominates over other modes. However, the low quality of existing infrastructures in the country is clear. One example is the large urban centers where they are increasingly suffering from flooding, poor street and avenue conditions and scarcity of resources to implement new infrastructure. In addition, in several works the use of practical knowledge not linked to the existing technicians is observed, which leads to reduce the durability of new constructions. In this context, this research aims to compare the functional and economic performance in the requalification of Rua Iati, located in Cajueiro Seco in Jaboatão dos Guararapes, carried out by the municipal administration of the city, with some project scenarios of that same street with various solutions that adopt topographic parameters and routine soil tests in road works. To develop this study, Iati Street georeferencing, soil testing based on the main ABNT and DNIT standards, plani-altimetric topographic survey, street design in software Autodesk Civil 3D, project budgets and street measurements performed were performed. based on the actual unit costs of the companies responsible for performing these urban infrastructure services in the city of Jaboatão. It is demonstrated that there is a high use of financial resources, lack of technical parameters used and a lack of visibility in the quality of services performed, which leads to a reflection on how to use economic resources and ensure durability in newly refurbished streets of the Brazilian cities.
Caracterização físico-química e avaliação da qualidade das águas subterrâneas em poços da comunidade de Itapuama, Cabo de Santo Agostinho/PE
(2019-12-11) Duarte, Wiliane Roberta da Silva; Silva, Robson José; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7515677435963888
The use of wells to obtain underground water resources has become a complementary alternative for human supply. However, over the years, high consumption and anthropic action have contributed to the scarcity of groundwater and its contamination, have contributed to the contamination of groundwater, making it an agent that transmits diseases caused by pathogenic microorganisms from percolation of domestic sewage and/or chemical matter in concentrations that exceed the standards authorized by the Ministry of Health and CONAMA 357/2005, of the Ministry of the Environment. The aim of this study was to analyze the physical-chemical parameters: pH, dissolved oxygen, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, salinity, color and turbidity and to evaluate water quality by the Most Likely Number (NMP.100 mL-1) of total coliforms and thermotolerant, based on current legislations. In −1 total, 120 samples were analyzed for physical-chemical characterization and 6 for microbiological, from three wells in the community of Itapuama, located in the city of Cabo de Santo Agostinho - PE. Of the evaluated wells, two did not comply with the quality standard established by Brazilian legislation. The results showed a high concentration of electrical conductivity, low dissolved oxygen and high levels of microbial contamination. These non-conformities can originate from the inefficiency of the neighborhood's sewage system. The third well, since it is a phreatic tubular well, presented good quality water in the studied parameters, being above the limit only in the electrical conductivity parameter.