Engenharia Mecânica (UACSA)

URI permanente desta comunidadehttps://arandu.ufrpe.br/handle/123456789/2919

Siglas das Coleções:

APP - Artigo Publicado em Periódico
TAE - Trabalho Apresentado em Evento
TCC - Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso

Navegar

Agora exibindo 1 - 20 de 43

Ambiente do modelo negócios ligados a eficiência energética no estado de Pernambuco
(2023-09-20) Araújo, Matheus Yuri Bezerra da Silva; González, Felipe Orlando Centeno; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9688427609049172; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7545636263831913
Due to the growing effort to reduce carbon in the atmosphere and the need to develop more sustainable services and products, the present work proposes to analyze the state of Pernambuco and the aspects that can contribute to the creation of business models focused on the efficient use of energy and provide the entrepreneur with a more improved understanding of the context under discussion. To better understand the business environment, the model described by authors Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur will be adopted, as it presents itself as a model that allows greater ease of understanding and construction. Based on this, an intense bibliographic review was carried out from books, scientific journals, newspaper news and government data. The information obtained from these sources allowed us to understand the main social and technological behaviors, the geopolitical highlights and the customer segments that seek energy efficiency and that can directly or indirectly affect the studied environment. As highlights we have the Energy Efficiency Law, the most eco-conscious thinking of the new generations and the application of Artificial Intelligence to efficient energy consumption.
Análise aerodinâmica de uma turbina eólica de eixo horizontal para microgeração de energia elétrica em ambientes rurais
(2019-12-03) Barros, Karla Cristina Silva; Souza, Alisson Cocci de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0526736580480309; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8663471634351100
The research aims at performing the aerodynamic analysis of some 4digit NACA airfoil applied to a 3-blade horizontal axis wind turbine with 4m diameter to evaluate the project performance and feasibility. The NACA airfoil 0012, 0015,2412 and 4415 were chosen through bibliographic surveys due to their use in other projects and demonstration of relevant characteristics. The aerodynamic analysis was performed by the QBlade software, which uses as a mathematical method , the BEM methodology and the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory. Thus, it was possible to obtain the relationships between the lift coefficients and their respective angles of attack and lift coefficient, obtain the power coefficient and the maximum torque, and simulate the effects of the normal and tangential static forces generated by the lift and drag acting on the blade. Throug the analysis, it was observed that, for the evaluated parameters, the rotor with airfoil 4415 presented better results of the relations between the coefficients of support and drag, support and angle of attack and the quotient between support and drag in relation to the angle of minimal attack rotation, thus, the 4415 airfoil would enable the project implementation.
Análise de desempenho do conjunto motor-hélice para veículo aéreo não tripulado transportador de carga
(2023-04-24) Abreu, Renan de Araújo; Moura, Alexandre Douglas Araújo de; Centeno González, Felipe Orlando; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9688427609049172; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3602476790054326; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1553803715502791
One of the pillars, currently, in a modern civilization is aviation and the mobility, ease and convenience that this technology provides to human beings. The pioneers of aviation began with the construction of scale models, called model airplanes, which will be treated in this work. One of the most important points in the construction of a model airplane are the engine and the propeller, also called powertrain set, in this work it will be possible to see how the performance of this set was determined for the construction of an unmanned aerial vehicle carrying cargo, Within the aero design project at the university, we are going to show how the Excel and Propeler Selector software were used to acquire the data of the performance curves that the aircraft should have starting from the data coming from the aerodynamics sector that delivers the lift and drag coefficients of the aircraft, among other parameters, all calculations were carried out in order to understand the performance of the aircraft in takeoff, cruise flight and landing conditions, always taking into account the FAR-Part 23 standard. The engine had already been defined as the OS model .61FX, as well as, the propeller was also determined to be the model with a diameter of 13” and pitch of 7”, being possible to determine the performance of the vehicle to fly with a total weight of 10 kg.
Análise de tensões em flanges eólicos utilizando ferramentas CAE
(2024-03-07) Inocencio, Igor Guilerme Neri; Lins, Erb Ferreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5272283698536321; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4975371866385642
The growth demand for energy power and the use of wind technology to generate it is a current trend on today worldwide. Seeking to better understand the behavior of a crucial structural component of wind turbines, the present study employs the finite element method to examine stress distribution in the wind tower flange under operational loads conditions without wind action and under extreme wind speeds as speciefied by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). The results highlight stress concentration areas and identify potential susceptibility to fatigue failure, while also assessing the impact of these loads on the structure's integrity. Finite element analysis reveals stress distributions in the flange, with higher concentration susceptibility identified in external regions. The values obtained from this analysis, applied to a fatigue analysis, demonstrate that the flange's safety factors are high for the magnitudes of stresses encountered.
Análise dos efeitos da temperatura do ar ambiente no desempenho de uma turbina a gás
(2023-04-24) Hora, Luís Carlos da; Silva, Rogério Soares da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5570338185824272; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1466531447747276
This work demonstrates a descriptive research on how the performance of a gas turbine is influenced by the inlet air temperature. For this, the operation of a gas turbine will be analyzed and the performance of the inlet air parameters on the performance of this machine will be identified. The model chosen to be verified was the industrial gas turbine GE 7FA, located in a thermoelectric plant in the semi-arid region of the State of Rio Grande do Norte. Through bibliographic research, technical manuals and information related to the thermoelectric plant, the work was developed as a descriptive research, and then simulations were performed using the program for calculating thermodynamic functions Engineering Equation Solver (EES). Data collected from the EES were stored in a spreadsheet and graphs related to temperature, relative humidity and yield were generated in MS Excel.
Análise técnico econômica do maquinário da oficina mecânica do Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia em União e Revestimento de Materiais
(2019-01-21) Assis, Lilian Kássia Cavalcante da Silva de; Montoya, Maxime; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2179327647405825; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0782464542495200
Análise vibracional da variação do fator de amortecimento na suspensão traseira de veículos de duas rodas: uma modelagem matemática
(2023-05-04) Ramos, Emanuel Beril Sousa; Simões, Thiago Araujo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7903824177570749; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3433224077980231
Shock absorbers are one of the main components of a vehicle's suspension, important both for the comfort and for the safety provided by the vehicle to the occupants. The correct design of a shock absorber involves the study of vehicle dynamics through mechanical vibrations, machine elements and fluid mechanics, taking into account parameters that may vary between road and off-road vehicles. Thus, this study proposes a mathematical model of Scripts for the analysis of a simplified mechanical system with 1 degree of freedom, where it is possible to perform the variation of vibration parameters, in addition to the simulation of failures and the identification of their consequences to the vehicle and pilot. The developed model was applied with data from a generic 150cc motorcycle and supported by the literature, with its analyses, in addition to the discussion and understanding of real situations, it was possible to determine which parameter should be modified in a damping project to achieve specific objectives. After the study, it was possible to define that the best way to control the damping range is through the dimensioning of the hydraulic component, being the spring stiffness, therefore, a component of control of the oscillation frequency with a preload adjustment that serves as a secondary device for varying the damping range on a smaller scale. Finally, it was possible to confirm the hypothesis that the decrease in the damping coefficient leads to a greater amount of oscillations, in addition to impacting a longer response time for the system to reach equilibrium.
Aplicação de métodos de análise e solução de problemas (MASP) para melhoria e redução de desperdícios em uma indústria de embalagens flexíveis
(2023-09-19) Correia, Felipe Castilho; Oliveira, Edilma Pereira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7474101863402960; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2359592729529223
The work it is a project of improvement carried out in an industry of plastic flexible packaging in the state of São Paulo. The MASP methodology ( Problem Solving Method and Analysis) was applied in the workflow, together with other continuous improvement tools, to solve problems related to waste of materials and also unnecessary hours of operation work. The project carried out by the Engineering team was developed through the application of MASP, focused on the introduction of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology on the shop floor. With the use of the applied quality tools, MASP and PDCA, the root causes of the problems were identified and solved, such as significant reduction of the plastic film reels leg, with predictions of savings of 3 million reais in 1 year of project, improving the organisation of the shop floor and inventory, reducing working hours, increasing data reliability by 95% and creating a 24-hour integrated identification system for all employees, enabling future plans for identification and control of raw material pallets.
Aplicação do SMED em uma linha de embalagem de medicamentos sólidos de uma indústria farmacêutica de Pernambuco
(2022-03-25) Nascimento, Yasmim Liandra da Silva; Silva, Karla Carolina Alves da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6261877082189807; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5401086442553854
Currently, all companies may be subject to business competition, especially the pharmaceutical industry, which is looking for the lowest prices to be competitive, therefore, it’s necessary to reduce the costs. The SMED methodology is a great ally in the seek for continuous improvement of processes and methods. Its main objective is to reduce tool exchanging time. In this study, which aims to analyze the performance of the SMED application, the method was applied through the execution of the four stages (initial, separation of internal and external SETUP, conversion of internal SETUP to external and systematic improvement) proposed by Shingo, the creator of the method. The application proved to be effective in achieving the objectives and as a result, the reduction of the SETUP time, the increase in availability and productive capacity of the packaging line were obtained.
Aumento da confiabilidade na produção pela implementação de planos de manutenção preventiva
(2023-05-04) Silva, Deiverson José da; Simões, Thiago Araujo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7903824177570749; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4121093660977324
The lack of functional preventive maintenance in the production line of any factory entails several corrective maintenances, thus impacting performance, cost and productivity indicators. This work will address the use of the PDCA cycle as a methodology, as well as the 5W1H to identify the phenomenon and the 5 whys to find the root cause of the problem, respectively. Based on this, preventive maintenance plans for production lines were implemented in the “Manusis” asset management system. The system automatically generates the OM's (maintenance orders) for the maintainers to carry out the scheduled activities. In this way, it verified an efficiency in the performance of the production line due to the improvement of 32.78% in corrective maintenance, in addition to having obtained an average improvement of 3.58% in the MTBF (mean time between failures) and an average reduction of 3.59% in MTTR (mean time to repair).
Avaliação da resistência a corrosão de revestimentos à base de níquel depositados em aços API 5L X70 por soldagem plasma pó
(2019-07-09) Nascimento Junior, Josimário do; Santos, Aureliano Xavier dos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0810494477757052; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2089402782247306
Corrosion failures are the leading ause of leakage in the oil industry. For this reason, the use of new materials with better resistance to this phenomenon has been very studied. One of the most used alternatives, due to the lower cost involved, is the application of coatings with these materials through welding processes. this work has the objective of evaluating the corrosion resistance of coatings based on nickel alloys in different welding parameters. As base metal using was API 5L X70 steel sheets and as addition metal, it binds to the Ni base of Nickel, Inconel 625 in a powder. as experimental tool was used experimental planning 2³ plus central point, associated to the surface response technique (MSR). The geometric characteristics, dilution, iron content and finally, electrochemical measurements of corrosion were made, were coated and subjected to heat treatment. the experimental results indicate that lower dilution values and iron content provide high corrosion resistance.
Avaliação da viabilidade energética e exergética de um sistema de cogeração em uma usina sucroalcooeira no estado de Pernambuco
(2021-12-08) Gama Neto, Samuel Bezerra da; Marques, Adriano da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0104058705628000; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9717090908631600
The demand on the consumption of electricity in various sectors and the concerns about the environmental impacts of exploration and use of fossil fuel, has encouraged the study of various alternative energy sources, including wind, photovoltaic, biomass and hydropower. The use of biomass such as sugarcane bagasse in Brazil is a technically viable option that can reduce the emission of greenhouse gases. Thus, the study consists of an energy and exergetic analysis for a simplified configuration of a sugarcane plant, located in the state of Pernambuco, with an electric power generation capacity of 11.8 MWh by burning sugarcane bagasse with 50% of moisture. Thus, for the analysis, equipment data, plant parameters and references found in the literature for similar cases were considered. The analysis of the combustion process in the set of boilers determined the high heat value of 10,299 MJ/kg for a molar mass of 14.26 kg/kmol of bagasse, with the thermal efficiency of the set of boilers being 61.5%. The energy analysis of the generating turbine set and the drive turbine set resulted in 8974 kW and 1980 kW, respectively, for the shaft powers. Through the exergetic analysis it was found that the largest portion of exergy destroyed is in the set of boilers (85.34%), in the condenser (8.59%) and in the set of generation turbines (4.66%). The plant's exergetic efficiency (5%) demonstrates the need for performance improvement projects.
Avaliação de revestimentos galvanizados industriais com e sem cromatização para avaliação das propriedades anticorrosivas
(2024-03-08) Costa, João Alberto Martins; Pina, Euclides Apolinário Cabral de; Vieira, Magda Rosângela Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2192310329330578; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5490051645784422
The hot-dip galvanizing process is widely used as a form of anti-corrosion protection for metallic structures, mutually promoting a physical barrier and cathodic protection of the substrate, acting as a “sacrificial electrode” if the base metal is exposed. However, the zinc layer, when exposed to humid and aggressive environments, is quickly subjected to the white zinc corrosion process. In order to minimize this process, the chromatization process is commonly used in combination, which consists of immersing the galvanized part in a bath containing hexavalent and trivalent chromium ions. Despite the protective nature, the biggest limitation of this process is the toxic and carcinogenic effects of Cr+6. The present work aims to investigate the effectiveness of anti-corrosion protection of the chromatization layer applied to galvanized carbon steel obtained through an industrial process, when exposed to NaCl. In the present study, 3 conditions of galvanized coatings obtained through an industrial process on ASTM A36 steel were investigated: G (galvanized steel); C10 (galvanization + chromatization for 10s) and C30 (galvanization + chromatization for 30s). The samples were subjected to immersion in molten zinc for 2 minutes and the chromatizing bath had a chromium concentration of 0,46% m/v de Cr3+, with the entire process carried out at the company Galvanisa (Igarassu-PE). The thickness of the coatings and the roughness of the surfaces were monitored. To evaluate the microstructure of the coating, micrographs were obtained by SEM and compositional analysis was carried out by EDS. To analyze corrosion resistance, linear polarization tests were carried out in a 3.5% NaCl solution and the morphology and composition of the oxidized surfaces were subsequently analyzed using SEM and EDS, respectively. The results indicated that the coatings obtained present heterogeneity in terms of thickness, roughness and composition. The C10 and C30 coatings did not present a uniform distribution of Cr on the galvanized surface, with sections more susceptible to corrosion being observed, due to the absence of this element. The C30 condition showed lower anodic current density, indicating a behavior of reduced corrosion kinetics.
Cálculo da eficiência energética do Edifício Vasconcelos Sobrinho (Ceagri II) da UFRPE em condições atuais e propostas de retrofit visando aumento da eficiência
(2023-09-29) Medeiros, Yurgymann Hansley da Silva de; González, Felipe Orlando Centeno; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9688427609049172; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0631400057450607
The technological evolution at the end of the past centuries has led to a greater dependence of society on the increasing use of energy sources, resulting in a collective internal migration process among countries that adopted methods of higher energy production. This trend described the movement of a significant portion of rural residents to urban centers in search of better living conditions. Thus, the beginning of the third millennium was marked by the pursuit of increasingly energy-efficient systems in line with the modernization of techniques and modes of construction and production, aiming to reduce negative impacts on environmental issues and to preserve natural resources. Due to changes over the years in the way buildings are planned, older structures have dated aspects, but often offer advantageous scenarios in terms of feasibility and execution costs when compared to the updating of their energy systems with the development planning of a new building. It is in this role that the retrofit procedure can be implemented, referring, in this case, to a set of measures and interventions carried out in an existing building with the aim of improving its energy efficiency, aiming to reduce energy consumption, increase occupants' comfort, and decrease the environmental impact of the building. With the growing challenge of energy demands and the need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, energy retrofit emerges as a promising approach to optimize the energy performance of existing buildings. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the importance and necessity of public policy measures and financial incentives to enable and promote retrofitting in dated buildings as an effective strategy to improve sustainability and the efficiency of their energy systems. The adopted methodology includes a detailed review of scientific literature and technical standards related to the application of energy retrofit methods in buildings, heavily based on the INMETRO Normative Instruction for the Energy Efficiency Classification of Commercial, Service and Public Buildings no. 309/2022, as well as tools for the development and construction of the new model to be proposed for a selected building (Ceagri II, located near the main campus of the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco). Software and resources are assigned to outline ways to rehabilitate such a construction to meet current criteria.
O cenário do hidrogênio verde: uma revisão como suporte ao recente interesse surgido em indústrias e governos na região
(2022-05-23) Moraes, Luanna Lima de; Centeno González, Felipe Orlando; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9688427609049172; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0145470668949690
With the fight against climate change as one of the main drivers, the search for solutions that lead to economic decarbonization is increasing around the world. In this context, green hydrogen, called when produced from renewable sources of wind and solar energy, is considered one of the main alternatives, which has mobilized initiatives in several countries to develop it. However, there are still challenges to be overcome, mainly related to production costs that are still much higher than those of hydrogen obtained from fossil sources that emit greenhouse gases (GHG). Brazil has a competitive advantage for the production of green hydrogen, due to its strong potential for wind and solar energy, as well as the competitiveness of the energy generated from these sources in relation to other countries. In this sense, several national and international companies have expressed interest in investing in the Brazilian production chain of Green Hydrogen. Thus, a new industry is born in the country, opening spaces for the attraction of large investments, mainly in the Northeast Region, given its greater competitiveness in solar and wind generation. In view of this, this study sought to carry out a review of the general concepts of hydrogen, addressing its properties and characteristics, its use as a fuel, a review of the Hydrogen Economy, as well as economic aspects. Applications were seen in pilot projects, which prove the use of hydrogen as an energy vector in integrated production, storage and transport models. A brief history of the actions and initiatives in the world and in Brazil in favor of the development of the hydrogen industry is also made. In conclusion, Brazil emerges as a potential supplier of green hydrogen due to the great diversity of renewable sources.
Comparação de desempenho das técnicas de controle PID e por modo deslizante no rastreamento de trajetórias de um sistema dinâmico não linear com motores de hélice
(2019-12-12) Silva Júnior, Edivaldo Sebastião da; Medeiros, Philippe Eduardo de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5594617038786753
Currently, control systems are gaining more and more prominence in the scientific environment and in the industrial environment, this wider scope of control systems is mainly due to the theoretical and technological advances in control engineering. This advance involves the solidification of increasingly robust control techniques, especially non-linear control techniques. In view of this fact, this work consists of comparing the PID linear control technique and the non-linear sliding control technique, both techniques being applied in a second order nonlinear dynamic system. The comparison of the PID control and the control by sliding mode, discussed in this work, took place from numerical simulations of the Seesaw Propeller system and also through physical experiment using a real plant of the system. The results presented in this work contain the individual performance of each controller, from a quantitative analysis of its performance, these analyzes were made for both the numerical simulations and the experiments carried out. These results are expressed throughout the work by means of graphs and through the analysis of the mean square error presented by each controller.
Construção e estudo teórico-prático de um trocador de calor de casco e tudo de bancada
(2019-07-11) Silva Neto, Fernando Máximo da; Santos, Humberto da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2715913130113900
Controle de sistemas dinâmicos não lineares via linearização por realimentação com compensação Fuzzy de incertezas
(2019-07-11) Montenegro, Marcelo Costa; Medeiros, Philippe Eduardo de; Martins, Weliton Soares; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9333618261815257; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5594617038786753; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8933714162193368
Through the advancement of technology, and consequently of computation, non-linear control methods are developing more and more in the scientific environment, promoting a solid theoretical and experimental basis in this area. The objective of this work is the application of the technique of nonlinear control linearization by feedback linearization for the control of nonlinear dynamic systems. Since this technique has a great limitation, which is the need for precise knowledge of the parameters and the dynamics of the plant to be controlled, a fuzzy compensator has been developed to provide an additional control effort in order to compensate for all the uncertainties present in the system. The fuzzy compensator stands out because it does not require prior knowledge of the system model. In addition to the theoretical development of the Feedback Linearization technique and the fuzzy compensator, a linear controller of the PID type will be used for comparison purposes with the non-linear techniques discussed. To prove the effectiveness of the technique presented, it will be applied to the position control problem of a seesaw propeller system, which in a simplified way has a certain analogy with one of the degrees of freedom of an unmanned aerial vehicle. Numerical simulations and experimental results will be presented to show the performances of the controllers addressed in the present work.
Desenvolvimento de Plano de Gerenciamento de Riscos Ocupacionais para oficina mecânica da Unidade Acadêmica do Cabo de Santo Agostinho- UACSA
(2024-09-19) Silva, Esterfhanyé Rayani da; Silva, Karla Alves da; Degiorgi, Sérgio Vladimir Barreiro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7323495611053601; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6261877082189807; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8467737579132524
Health and safety are fundamental in any work environment, including mechanical workshops in educational institutions. This study developed a Risk Management Plan (RMP) specifically for the mechanical workshop at the Unidade Acadêmica do Cabo de Santo Agostinho (UACSA), Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE). The goal was to create an RMP tailored to the workshop's conditions and needs, based on a detailed analysis of occupational and environmental risks, which included risk identification and analysis through in situ research, organizational research, and equipment manual analysis. Using this information, a risk inventory was developed, classifying risks by probability and severity. The action plan employs the 5S methodology to enhance organization and efficiency in the work environment, with corrective and preventive actions and criteria to assess the effectiveness of the implemented interventions. The development and implementation of this plan aim not only to meet regulatory requirements but also to improve safety and operational efficiency in the workshop. It is expected that the proposed measures will contribute to a safer work environment, reduce accident-related costs, and strengthen the institution's image.
Desenvolvimento de programa para verificação de paquímetros do Laboratório de Metrologia da UACSA
(2023-04-28) Andrade, Luca Lima da Silva Pires de; Silva, Karla Carolina Alves da; Silva, Rogério Soares da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5570338185824272; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6261877082189807; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9828015547946019
The reliability of measurements in measurement instruments is crucial for or-ganizational per- for-mance. Although this topic is addressed in several national and international mentions, it lacks gui-dance for performing instrument checks asser-tively. This study aims to contribute in a significant way to increase the quality of the measurements performed in calipers, developing a program, in Python language, which performs the necessary calculations for verification and at the end generates a verification report. Ensuring an internal quality control of these measuring instruments belonging to the metrology laboratory of the Academic Unit of UFRPE-UACSA. A case study was developed in which the calculations, corresponding to the sources of uncer- tainty, performed manually were compared with those obtained by the software. In addition, an error curve was generated, allowing a visual analysis of the instrument's behavior in operation between verifications and determining a temporal correction factor. The application of the pro- gram proved to be effective, facilitating the construction of verification reports, with a drastic reduction in time, compared to that spent to prepare a manual report. It also allowed the valida- tion of its operation. This work may contribute to applications in academic and professional environments, allowing a simple way to verify and mea-sure the measurement uncertainty of calipers.