01.1 - Graduação (Sede)
URI permanente desta comunidadehttps://arandu.ufrpe.br/handle/123456789/2
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Resultados da Pesquisa
Item Massa de forragem e valor nutritivo de capim-braquiária [Urochloa decumbens (Stapf) R. D. Webster] sob pastejo em monocultivo, com ou sem adubação, e em sistema silvipastoril(2024-10-01) Cavalcanti, Isaque da Silva; Cunha, Márcio Vieira da; Silva, Rita de Cássia Manso; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0329511011280265; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8936474723708253; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5434373242065945Silvopastoral systems provide significant ecological, economic, and social benefits. These systems can mitigate the negative effects of monoculture on soil by diversifying production through the integration of forestry practices, promoting animal welfare through shading, and enhancing nutrient cycling, which can improve soil fertility, particularly when involving tree legumes. Signal grass (Urochloa decumbens Stapf.) is the most widespread forage species in Brazilian pastures. The hypothesis of this study is that the silvopastoral system with the tree legume sabiá (Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth.) improves the nutritional value of Signal grass compared to monoculture, especially without fertilization, without significantly impacting herbage mass. The objective of this thesis was to evaluate herabage mass and the nutritional value of signal grass in monoculture, with or without fertilization (50 kg of N, P, and K ha⁻¹ year⁻¹), and in a silvopastoral system with the sabiá legume, during the rainy season (March to August 2023) and dry season (December 2022 to February 2023 and September to November 2023), in the semi-arid region of Pernambuco, Brazil. The grazing method used was continuous stocking with variable stocking rates, utilizing non-castrated male crossbred Nelore cattle with an average initial live weight of 170 kg. The experimental design was randomized block with three repetitions. The silvopastoral system showed a lower dry mass of green signal grass forage (2045 kg ha⁻¹) compared to the fertilized monoculture (2703 kg ha⁻¹), while it did not differ from the unfertilized monoculture (2327 kg ha⁻¹). Herbage mass was greater during the rainy season (2987 kg ha⁻¹). The silvopastoral system had a lower amount of senescent material compared to the unfertilized monoculture. Additionally, it exhibited a higher incidence of invasive plants compared to monocultures. There were no significant effects of treatments and seasons on the levels of dry matter, mineral matter, organic matter, neutral detergent fiber corrected for ash and protein, and hemicellulose of signal grass (296 g kg⁻¹ DM, 84 g kg⁻¹ DM, 916 g kg⁻¹ DM, 725 g kg⁻¹ DM, and 39 g kg⁻¹ DM, respectively). The crude protein content of the grass in the silvopastoral system was higher (51 g kg⁻¹ DM) than that of the unfertilized monoculture (41 g kg⁻¹ DM) and did not differ from that of the fertilized monoculture (44 g kg⁻¹ DM). However, it was not affected by the time of year. The levels of neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber in signal grass were higher during the rainy season, averaging 794 and 402 g kg⁻¹ DM, respectively. The in vitro digestibility of dry matter of the forage was higher in the dry season (499.8 g kg⁻¹ DM). The silvopastoral system with the sabiá legume, while promoting lower signal grass herbage mass compared to fertilized monoculture, offers nutritional and structural advantages, such as increased crude protein content and reduced dead material, which can enhance animal diet and consumption.Item O cloreto de potássio afeta a germinação de sementes e o crescimento inicial de plântulas de Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth(2023-04-20) Lima, Raiane Larissa Silva de; Gallo, Ricardo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5160912065817980; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7403117695827576Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth., popularly known as sabiá, is a tree species native to the Caatinga and belonging to the Fabaceae family. It has great economic and environmental potential, being used in the production of firewood, charcoal, and forage, as well as being recommended for the recovery of degraded areas. In soils of arid and semi-arid regions, as is the case with the species M. caesalpiniifolia, seed germination can be negatively affected by unsuitable conditions, such as saline soils. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the germination and vigor of Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth. seeds subjected to salt stress by potassium chloride (KCl). The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with four replications of 32 seeds per treatment. Different osmotic potentials were tested, namely: 0.0 (control); -0.2, -0.4, -0.6, -0.8, -1.0 MPa. The variables evaluated were: germination percentage, germination speed index, shoot and root length, and shoot and root dry weight of seedlings. The species was found to be sensitive to salt stress, reducing germination and vigor significantly with increasing concentrations of KCl.Item Levantamento da fauna apícola em monocultivo de sabiá (Mimosa caesalpiniifolia) em área de Caatinga no Agreste pernambucano(2021) Silva, Isabela Nascimento; Gonçalves, Maria da Penha Moreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0539509819672370; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6582276513482324Due to the semi-arid climate characteristics, the Caatinga biodiversity presents a rich diversity of plant and animal life. Within this wealth, native bees stand out, which play an important role in the balance of forest ecosystems. Thus, the objective of the present work was to carry out a survey of the apicultural fauna in areas of sable cultivation and native vegetation of Caatinga in the rural region of Pernambuco. The research was carried out at the experimental station of the Instituto Agronomic° de Pernambuco - IPA, municipality of Caruaru, Pernambuco. The study was carried out during the months of December 2020 and January 2021 in two areas of Caatinga equidistant 30 m from each other, one planted with thrush (Mimosa caesalpiniifolia) and the other with native vegetation. In each area, two 10 m x 10 m transects were drawn for the installation of traps. Two models of traps were installed, one with a bottle using scent essences (vanilla and methyl salicylate) and another with yellow Pantraps, in which the attractiveness is based on color. 29 individuals of bees distributed in three genera were catalogued. Of these, two were identified at the genus level (Trigona sp., Bombus sp.) and one at the species level (Apis melifera scutellata). Pantraps did not attract any insect considered to be a bee, regardless of the area or period of collection. A higher frequency of bees was observed in the dry period compared to the rainy period. In the sabia area there was greater visitation by bees (82% of the individuals) and greater preference for visitation after using the methyl salicylate essence (79% of the individuals), however the vanilla essence was efficient in attracting them. It is concluded that the method of collecting bees using scent traps in the Caatinga environment of the Pernambuco agreste proved to be efficient when using vanilla and methyl salicylate essences, the latter being the most effective in attracting these insects. The modifications that occurred in the monoculture of Sabia in the Caatinga environment did not negatively influence the diversity of bees, when compared to the area of native forest in the region, with similar diversity being observed in both areas.Item Seleção de progênies via germinação de sementes de Mimosa caesalpiniifolia B. sob estresse salino(2022-05-26) Ordonho, Larissa Santiago Ritt; Gallo, Ricardo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5160912065817980; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4822409457783849Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth., known as sabiá, is a native forest specie of Caatinga belonging to the Fabaceae family. Species that develop in arid and semi-arid regions, such as sabiá, usually encounter adverse conditions for germination and emergence, such as high soil salinity and water deficit. Thus, the objective of this work was to verify whether it is possible to select progenies of M. caesalpiniifolia that are tolerant to the stress caused by doses of saline solutions in the early stages of development. Seeds were collected from 16 matrices located in different states (PE, PI, CE, RN), four per state. The experiment was carried out in the forest seed analysis laboratory at the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE). To simulate saline stress, NaCl solutions were used, with osmotic potentials of 0.0; -0.2; -0.4; -0.6; -0.8; -1 MPa. Percentage and germination speed index, length and dry mass of shoots and roots and percentage of abnormal seedlings were evaluated. The experimental design was completely randomized with four replications of 32 seeds for each potential. After carrying out the evaluations, the maximum dose of pre-established tolerance was reapplied in four replications of 25 seeds from each provenance to identify the genetic divergence in terms of tolerance to saline stress. For the germination percentage, the values were adjusted to the quadratic regression model and for the germination speed index, the data were adjusted to the decreasing linear regression model, reducing as the osmotic concentration increased. Salinity reduced the germination and vigor of M. caesalpiniifolia seeds, decreasing the characters evaluated at the lowest osmotic potentials. The germination test with sabiá seeds proved to be effective for determining tolerance to salt levels (NaCl), the species M. caesalpiniifolia tolerates low osmotic concentrations of sodium chloride and the critical level selected was -0.4 MPa. Through the Mulamba and Mock index, it was possible to select the P1-CE, P2-PI, P3-RN, P1-PE and P1-PI progenies in early stages of development that showed tolerance to salinity levels for the production of seedlings.Item Durabilidade natural das madeiras de Eucalyptus sp. e Mimosa caesalpiniaefolia Benth em campo de apodrecimento no município de Recife-PE(2019-07-12) Costa, Pedro Eugenio Silva da; Braz, Rafael Leite; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7332493832361305; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5781652413151836