01.1 - Graduação (Sede)
URI permanente desta comunidadehttps://arandu.ufrpe.br/handle/123456789/2
Navegar
5 resultados
Resultados da Pesquisa
Item “O crime compensa?”: uma análise social e econômica das políticas de segurança no estado de Pernambuco (2008-2022)(2024-03-07) Tonial, Erickson de Oliveira; Freitas, Petrus Alves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1474091666288817; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4632805876888797This work investigates the relationship between Lethal and Intentional Violent Crimes (CVLI) and economic indicators such as GDP, education, housing, basic sanitation and investments in public security in Pernambuco, between 2008 and 2022, using a literature review methodology and statistical comparison analysis to demonstrate the interaction between these factors. In this way, the persistence of violence in the history of the state of Pernambuco was addressed, relating it to social inequality and economic development, in addition to the analysis of social classes to understand economic and political disparities, highlighting the importance of formulating public policies to promote social justice. Inspired by Gary Becker's Economic Theory of Crime, the study focuses on the economic determinants of criminal acts, analyzing incentives, costs and benefits, and considering marginalization, social inequality and lack of opportunities as significant contributors to crime. The update results provide insights into the possible relationship between Lethal and Intentional Violent Crimes and economic indicators, but should be interpreted with caution. As described throughout this work, there are several approaches to interpreting the motivation and causality that the individual has for committing the crime. In short, these results indicate that investments in the analyzed indicators are associated with a reduction in the rates of Intentional Lethal Violent Crimes, results obtained through the Pearson improvement. This suggests that social policies and investments in various areas can play an important role in preventing crime.Item Índices de áreas verdes e a relação com dados socioeconômicos em Recife/PE(2023-09-04) Lima Junior, Francisco de Assis de; Lima Neto, Everaldo Marques de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6791561445213969; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6109865471506527Urban growth consolidated in concrete, together with the continuous suppression of vegetation, contributes to the deterioration of environmental conditions and is directly linked to a lower quality of life. The index of public green areas (IAVP) is fundamental for assessing the quality of urban life and the well-being of the population, where the vast majority of open spaces are not incorporated for the low-income population. In this study, we sought to analyze the distribution of green area indices and their relationship with socio-economic data, supporting urban forest planning in Recife-PE. To achieve this goal, it was essential to use shapefile data representing green areas, such as squares and parks, together with socio-economic information, enabling correlation calculations to be carried out. The city of Recife has 462 green areas that are classified as Green Areas for Living, Recreation, Sport or Leisure - AVCEL, totaling 227.34 ha (21 parks and 441 squares), with an index of squares per inhabitant (IAPH) of 1.48 m²/inhabitant. The IAPH ranged from 0.44 to 3.45 among the Political-Administrative Regions (RPAs), with RPA 6 having the highest number of green areas (114), but one of the lowest rates of square areas per region (IAPR) with 0.97% and an IAPH of 1.06, showing that the number of green areas in the region is not correlated with the green area rates. Only 5 neighborhoods have AVCEL values above 15 m²/inhabitant, i.e. 94.70% of the neighborhoods do not meet the criteria determined by the Brazilian Society of Urban Afforestation (SBAU). The majority of AVCELs are concentrated in 14 neighborhoods, which comprise more than 50% of all areas in the city. Around 5.56% of the inhabitants of the city of Recife-PE do not have access to AVCELs in their neighborhoods. The Spearman correlation revealed that the average nominal monthly household income (RNMD) in RPA 3 showed moderate positive correlations with AVCEL (0.4936), IAPH (0.5367) and IAPB (0.5277), indicating that neighborhoods with higher incomes tend to have more green areas and public spaces, and a moderate negative correlation with the number of inhabitants (-0.5118), suggesting that wealthier neighborhoods tend to have lower population density. The unequal distribution of these areas directly influences the socio-economic disparities between the city's neighborhoods, identifying patterns in the distribution of green areas that highlight the importance of sustainable and inclusive urban planning.Item Jovens adultos na criminalidade e as políticas públicas de segurança em Pernambuco(2020-11-04) Monteiro, Kátia Nunes; Fernandes, Raquel de Aragão Uchôa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9733983138830524; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2797256199797396Crime is linked to several factors, many of them linked to the lack of access to social rights and protections and has a direct origin in the social inequality that is structuring the social formation of Brazil. Another dimension associated with the commission of crimes and / or infractions is directed to the field of consumption or the search for access. Many studies point to this relationship mainly with regard to involvement with drug trafficking and / or theft of adolescents and young adults. In the country, crime and the response by the State of mass incarceration generates major impacts for society, Brazil currently occupies the fourth position in the incarceration ranking, with the mark of 338 prisoners per 100 thousand inhabitants (INFOPEN, 2019). In view of this situation, the tendency is for the effects to be greater in states where public policy related to combating crime and crime is inconsistently organized. In this sense, the objective of this article is to analyze the case of Pernambuco, through a government program, Pacto pela Vida, which has been in force in the state since 2007 and aims to constantly monitor and evaluate actions through crime rates, using as an indicator Intentional Lethal Violent Crimes. To understand the relationship between consumption and crime, the study has a qualitative character and sought to analyze the relationship between crime and consumption based on factors of criminalization among young people aged 18 to 30 years in the state. The data collection was done through exploratory, bibliographic and documentary research. The results point to the relationship between criminality, social inequality and expressions of consumer society manifested through unrestrained capitalism, reaffirming the essentiality of comprehensive public policies aimed at security in order to change this difficult reality.Item Educação em Direitos Humanos no cotidiano das universidades: reflexões a partir do Projeto Diálogos(2021) Bispo, Jorge Luiz dos Santos Monteiro; Fernandes, Raquel de Aragão Uchôa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9733983138830524The Dialogues project has been developed since 2017 within the scope of the Observatório da Família / Menino Miguel Institute and represents the possibility of expanding spaces for human rights education in the daily life of the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco / UFRPE. The project works by creating spaces for reflection on themes linked to the fields of families, subordinates, access to rights, public policies and justice. The purpose of the proposal is to build and experience spaces for debate and reflection on public issues related to Human Rights, through the integration between extension actions at the University and groups / institutions / linked to the field of management, social movements, social justice, seeking to make feasible debates related to experiences from different “work floors”, enabling reflection and deepening of themes based on concrete experiences that are daily experienced in the meetings between subjects, such as institutions and access to rights. The delimitation of fields, selection of themes, subjects involved in the processes of mediation and dialogue, were carried out based on the themes of action of the Family Observatory, a group linked since 2011 to the Department of Domestic Sciences, today Department of Consumer Sciences and currently linked to the Menino Miguel Institute. For this article we will make the cut in the last two years of action of the project, 2018 and 2019, a period in which the actions of the Family Observatory turned to the perspective of the urban subaltern Ways of Life of bodies and us with experience of prison. We will present 5 debates held during the period, with themes related to the daily life and the experience of and in prison and, also, in the integration process between extension and research, 3 three focus groups with reflections on prison, incarceration and incarcerated bodies. The results point to the need to bring the theme of prison into the Universities as a way of broadening the understanding of future professionals in different areas about the trajectories that lead to incarceration in a society that is noted for the mass incarceration of young people, black, poor and peripheral.Item Controvérsias em torno de um conceito: um estudo da raça nas Ciências Sociais(2019-12-10) Nascimento, Elisa Duarte; Portela Júnior, Aristeu; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2261345425063739This term paper aims to understand the importance of the 'race' category in the sociological explanations of social inequalities, for such, we present a historic of the 'race' debate in Brazil. We will point out the ideologies behind the concept of race in racists and anti-racists theories that were spread in the country on the nineteenth century, we will expose the imbrications between the aspects of race and class and analyze, through the example of Affirmative Actions of racial quotas for the ingress to higher education, how is the current debate of race relations in Brazil. We use the literature review of several authors considered of great importance for the national and international debate of ethnic-racial relations. We realize, at the end of the study, that even though some authors advocate overcoming the use of 'race' as a scientific concept, it remains a social marker and, thus, remains extremely important to understand our social reality.