TCC - Zootecnia (Sede)
URI permanente para esta coleçãohttps://arandu.ufrpe.br/handle/123456789/478
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Resultados da Pesquisa
Item Desempenho e características de carcaça de cordeiros alimentados com palma forrageira ensilada ou in natura sob restrição ou não de água(2025-03-11) Amaral, Thiago Garcia do; Monnerat, João Paulo Ismério dos Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3851426263880079; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8390297229951855A pecuária no semiárido brasileiro enfrenta desafios devido à escassez hídrica e à baixa disponibilidade de volumosos de qualidade, sendo a palma forrageira uma alternativa para a alimentação e hidratação dos ovinos. No entanto, sua forma de fornecimento pode impactar o desempenho dos animais. Este estudo avaliou os efeitos da palma forrageira in natura e ensilada, associadas ou não à restrição hídrica, sobre o desempenho produtivo e as características de carcaça de cordeiros da raça Santa Inês. Foram utilizados 40 cordeiros machos, não castrados, com idade entre 90 e 120 dias e peso inicial médio de 23,07 ± 2,45 kg, distribuídos em delineamento em blocos casualizados (DBC), num esquema fatorial 2x2, com dois tipos de volumoso (palma in natura + feno ou silagem de palma e feno) e duas formas de oferta hídrica (livre ou restrita). O período experimental foi de 75 dias, incluindo 19 dias de adaptação e 56 dias de coleta de dados. Os tratamentos foram dieta a base de silagem de palma e feno com ou sem restrição de água e outro a base de palma in natura + feno com ou sem restrição de água, ambos na proporção volumoso: concentrado de 65:35. sendo ofertada duas vezes ao dia, às 8h e às 16h. O consumo alimentar foi monitorado diariamente. Ao final do período experimental, os cordeiros foram submetidos a jejum sólido de 16 horas e abatidos. Após o abate, as carcaças foram pesadas feitas avaliações de medidas morfométricas, rendimento de carcaça, deposição de gordura perirrenal e espessura de gordura subcutânea. Os animais que receberam silagem de palma e feno apresentaram maior (P<0,05) desempenho, rendimento dos cortes lombo e serrote e melhor conformação e acabamento, em comparação aos que consumiram palma in natura + feno, entretanto não foi observado efeito (P>0,05) nos rendimentos de carcaça, pH, temperatura, EGS e avaliações morfometricas da carcaça. Por outro lado, a restrição de água não afetou (P>0,05) as características e rendimento de carcaça, engorduramento e as avaliações morfometricas, porém interferiu (P<0,05) negativamente no desempenho, conformação, acabamento e cortes cárneos lombo e serrote dos cordeiros em crescimento, evidenciando a importância do acesso irrestrito à água para o desenvolvimento adequado dos cordeiros. Conclui-se que a utilização da palma forrageira ensilada se mostra como alternativa mais eficiente em comparação à palma in natura, proporcionando maior desempenho produtivo dos animais. A restrição hídrica impacta negativamente o desempenho e as características de carcaça dos cordeiros, independentemente do tipo de volumoso ofertado.Item Consumo e digestibilidade de nutrientes em pequenos ruminantes alimentados com dietas contendo gérmen de milho e palma forrageira orelha de elefante mexicana (Opuntia stricta [Haw], Haw])(2024-09-30) Castello Branco, Natália Pereira; Carvalho, Francisco Fernando Ramos de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8552194153767195; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6243605185116079The aim was to evaluate the effect of using corn germ and forage palm in diets for small ruminants on the consumption and digestibility of nutrients. Four male sheep and four male goats were used, castrated, fistulated and cannulated in the rumen, with an average initial body weight of 38 kg and 35 kg, respectively. The animals were kept in a confinement system in individual stalls (2,0m × 1,0m), with slatted floors and equipped with feeders and drinkers. A Latin square experimental design was used in a 2x4 factorial scheme.The experimental period lasted 88 days, with four experimental periods lasting 22 days each, 14 days for adaptation to the diets and management and 8 days for data and sample collection. The treatments were based on four experimental diets: without forage palm Opuntia stricta [Haw], Haw] (POEM) and corn germ (treatment - CONT); without (POEM) + corn germ (treatment - GIEM); with (POEM) and without corn germ (treatment- POEM); with (POEM) and corn germ (GIEM+POEM). The effects of species (E), treatment (T) and interaction effect of species with treatment (ExT) were evaluated, assuming significance at (P< 0,05). Related to the consumption, no effect of species (E) or interaction between species and treatments (ExT) for none of the variables (P>0,05). A significant effect (P<0,05) of treatments (T) was observed for the consuming variables of dry matter (DM), mineral matter (MM), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), total carbohydrates (TCH), non-fibrous carbohydrates (NFC) and total digestible nutrients (TDN). In which the diet containing (GIEM+POEM) promoted greater dry matter intake and other constituents, while the diet (GIEM) promoted lower consumption of dry matter, mineral matter, crude protein, total carbohydrates, non-fibrous carbohydrates and total digestible nutrients, but favored (P<0,05) greater consumption of ether extract along with the diet (GIEM+POEM). The digestibility coefficients of dry matter, crude protein, ether extract and neutral detergent fiber were not influenced by the association of forage cactus with full- fat corn germ (P>0,05), however, significant values were observed (P<0.05) for the organic matter and non-fibrous carbohydrates digestibility coefficients.Item Perfil metabólico sanguíneo de cordeiros lactentes alimentados com leite bovino complementar(2024-10-01) Silva, Davi Tavares da; Monnerat, João Paulo Ismério dos Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3851426263880079; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2100833254390107The profitability of beef sheep farming is strongly influenced by annual lamb production. Lactating animals with low weight gain are associated with competition between lambs born from multiple births or insufficient milk production, resulting in increased mortality and a decreased weaning rate. Milk supplementation is one of the alternatives to guarantee the growth and development of lactating animals affected by some adverse process in the breast milk produced, such as mastitis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the metabolic profile of protein, energy, liver enzymes and minerals in lambs supplemented with cow's milk. To this end, 16 lactating lambs aged between birth and 30 days were used. They were divided into two groups: one group received complementary bovine milk, with a daily limit of 500 mL, while the other group was exclusively breastfed. Both groups were managed in collective pens and subjected to the same daily management conditions. The lambs were weighed and blood samples were taken to assess the metabolic profile of protein, energy, liver enzymes and minerals. All the results were subjected to analysis of variance to compare the means of each parameter, using a significance level of 5%. The average daily consumption of cow's milk for the artificially supplemented lambs was 324 ± 183 mL. Serum concentrations of total protein, albumin, urea and creatinine showed no difference (P > 0.05) between conventionally breastfed and artificially supplemented lambs. On the other hand, the parameters of cholesterol, LDL, HDL and fructosamine showed a difference (P > 0.05), indicating the influence of supplementation with bovine milk and the absorption of nutrients. This is due to the biochemical composition of milk and the utilization of the energy and protein fractions of the food. Considering that the use of cow's milk as a supplement for neonatal sheep that have suffered some quantitative restriction in the availability of mother's milk or colostrum can compromise the animals' immune supply. The study therefore highlights the need to create strategies to supplement the lambs' diet and ensure good development by adjusting the metabolic balance.Item Aspectos nutricionais e seus efeitos no bem-estar e desempenho de equinos de vaquejada(2024-09-27) Sá, Amanda Regina Bertho de; Manso Filho, Hélio Cordeiro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5631206025493479; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9395366050331432Vaquejada, a traditional equestrian sport in Northeast Brazil, imposes significant physical demands on horses, necessitating quick accelerations, sharp turns, and sudden stops. This study emphasizes the critical role of nutritional management in ensuring both the well-being and athletic performance of these animals. Utilizing questionnaires distributed at vaquejada events, we assessed the Nutrition domain within the framework of the Five Domains Model of animal welfare. The research highlighted the importance of consistent feeding practices for maintaining digestive health and preventing metabolic disorders. Additionally, it examined legal regulations pertaining to animal welfare in equestrian competitions, advocating for the alignment of sporting practices with animal protection standards. The study evaluated water and feed quality, quantity, accessibility, and storage conditions, revealing that most parameters received “good” to “excellent” ratings. Ultimately, effective nutritional management emerges as a key determinant for the health and performance of horses, fostering both their welfare and the sustainability of vaquejada.Item Metabolizabilidade de nutrientes e energia dos resíduos da industrialização de biscoitos e bolachas e massas em frangos de corte(2023-04-21) Oliveira, Kássia Priscila Gomes Cabral de; Ludke, Maria do Carmo Mohaupt Marques; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4629657233206289The objective of this work was to determine the nutritional and energy value of waste from the biscuit and biscuit industry (RBB) and pasta (RM) in broiler chickens using the total collection method, using 1% of ferric oxide, as a marker of the beginning and end of collection. These residues come from the manufacturing industry of savory and sweet biscuits and macaroni, in which they are discarded and can pollute the environment, which were analyzed for the composition of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), Crude Fiber (FB), Ash (CZ), Non-Nitrogen Extractives (ENN) and Gross Energy (EB). A metabolism experiment was carried out with a total of 90 birds with an average initial weight of 481.510.50 g, to determine the coefficients of apparent metabolization of dry matter (CMAMS), crude protein (CMAPB) and gross energy (CMAEB), and the EMA (apparent metabolizable energy) and EMAn (apparent metabolizable energy corrected for nitrogen). The experimental design was completely randomized, with three treatments (T1 - nutritionally balanced reference ration composed of corn and soybean meal, T2 - 70% reference ration and 30% mass residue and T3 -70% reference ration and 30% biscuit residue and wafer) and six replications of five birds per experimental unit. Diets were provided ad libitum for a period of eight days, four days for adaptation and four days for total excreta collection. The results of the nutritional composition of the by-products were: RBB with 91.7% of DM, 8.34% of CP, 4333 of EB, 1.24% of EE, 1.65% of FB and 0.14% of CZ; andRM with 88.87% DM, 11.55% CP, 3882 EB, 0.92% EE, 1.3% FB and 0.74% CZ. The RBB EMA and EMEn values were 3959 and 3480 Kcal/kg; and RM of 3812 and 3616 Kcal/Kg.Item Qualidade de ovos armazenados à temperatura ambiente de poedeiras alimentadas com dietas contendo simbiótico(2023-04-21) Siqueira, Monique Aguiar; Rabello, Carlos Bôa Viagem; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4760288746238700; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3658833045052053The study evaluated the effects of using the symbiotic in the diet of laying hens from the rearing, rearing or production phase, replacing zinc bacitracin on the quality of eggs produced in the post-peak phase stored at room temperature. 198 birds of the Dekalb White strain, aged 70 weeks, evaluated up to 90 weeks were used. For the evaluation of egg quality, the experimental design used was completely randomized in a 6 x 3 factorial scheme, with 6 experimental diets and 3 storage periods, determined at 0, 7 and 14 days, with 6 replications. The experimental diets consisted of a diet composed of corn and soybean meal without additives (RR); diet composed of corn, soybean meal and including meat and bone meal without additives (MBM); and four more rations based on the MBM diet with the addition of additives, namely, a diet with the addition of 0.05% of the Zinc Bacitracin additive from the start phase (MBM+Bac Zn); diet with the addition of 0.1% of the Symbiotic additive from the start phase (MBM+Simb-SF); diet based on MBM with the addition of 0.1% of the Symbiotic additive from the grower phase (MBM+Simb-GF), and the last diet based on MBM with the addition of 0.1% of the symbiotic additive from the production phase (MBM+Simb-PF). For the quality evaluation, 108 eggs were collected from birds at 80 weeks of age, shortly after laying. were submitted to the analysis of variance. After finding significance, the data were submitted to the Tukey test (p<0.05) and analyzed using the mixed model, using the SAS statistical package. The diets significantly influenced the variable yolk color, where the treatment with zinc bacitracin obtained the highest value, and albumen pH, influenced by the addition of MBM. On the other hand, all variables were influenced by storage time, indicating that prolonged storage periods contribute to a decrease in egg quality, regardless of the type of additive or the period of use. Thus, the symbiotic additive can be used as an alternative to zinc bacitracin because it presents results, about egg quality, similar to those where the antibiotic additive is used, except for the color intensity of the yolk. Also, the additives used, regardless of the inclusion phase, were not able to reduce the effects of storage time on egg quality.Item A influência da alimentação na incidência de enterolítiase no trato gastrointestinal de equinos(2022-10-05) Silva, Maria Carolina da; Nascimento, Hugo Barbosa do; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0098620161214709; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4955787788560443Knowledge about the nutritional practices and digestive physiology of the horse is of paramount importance, because from them, we can meet the physiological needs to obtain a better development. However, few studies about this balancing are verified, and even fewer are related to the specific conditions of the country. The conditions that involve the digestive system, such as colic, diarrhea and enterotoxemia, represent 50% of the medical problems that result in the death of adult horses, among the conditions that affect horses, the occurrence of colic syndrome due to enterolithiasis has been increasingly prominent in several countries. Enteroliths are formed by the deposition of mineral matter from the diet to foreign bodies lodged in the colons of horses, several factors contribute to their incidence, among them, we can highlight an unbalanced diet, with a high content of protein, calcium and magnesium, restricted access to grazing . The present work deals with a case of enterolithiasis in an equine, with a surgical procedure performed at the Cavalos hospital for the removal of a unique artifact with a spherical shape, consisting of minerals, where an intraluminal obstruction of a minor colon occurred, and to punctuate the influence of diet in the predisposition of enterolithiasis.Item Qualidade de ovos de poedeiras comercias alimentadas com dietas contendo aditivo simbiótico e armazenado sob refrigeração em diferentes tempos(2021-06-09) Ribeiro, Kalinina Machado; Rabello, Carlos Bôa Viagem; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4760288746238700; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5124661483020998The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of eggs from commercial laying hens fed diets containing symbiotic additive and stored under refrigeration at different periods. One hundred and eighty eggs were collected soon after laying in a completely randomized experimental design in a 6x5 factorial scheme (diet x storage period 0, 7, 14, 21, 28), where 36 eggs were analyzed on the same day and the remaining 144 eggs were refrigerated. (±5.0°C). The variables analyzed were: egg weight (g), yolk color, albumen height (mm), albumen weight (g), yolk weight (g), shell weight (g), shell thickness (mm) , albumen pH and HU. Data were submitted to the Tukey test (p<0.05) and analyzed by the statistical process PROC MIX of the SAS 2018 statistical package. For the yolk color and albumen pH, a statistical effect was found (p<0.001) for the treatments and periods evaluated, with lower albumen pH in the reference treatment and on day 0, where in the other treatments and periods there was an increase in the pH of the albumen. Regarding the HU, the storage period significantly influenced (p<0.01) the values, where the effect of temperature became evident from the 7th day of storage, when the HU reduces, bringing changes in the internal quality of the eggs, but the eggs stored at refrigerated temperature, the quality remained even differing from day 0, where at 28 days of storage, they showed excellent quality pattern (AA). Thus, it is concluded that the longer the storage period, the lower the internal quality of the eggs, but when stored under refrigeration this effect can be minimized, in addition to zinc bacitracin and symbiotics, did not show relevant significant differences, and may the symbiotic being a replacement alternative for zinc bacitracin.Item Parâmetros ruminais de ovinos e caprinos alimentados com silagem da mucilagem do desfibramento de sisal(2022-05-31) Miranda, Lucas Ramos de; Guim, Adriana; Soares, Luciana Felizardo Pereira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4071178363761831; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5179137865818915; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8413413377006449The following study aimed to evaluate the rumen parameters of sheep and goats submitted to diets based on sisal shredded mucilage (MUDS) ensiled with and without additives, recording the pH values, quantifying the concentrations of ammoniacal nitrogen in the rumen of animals, in addition to tests to analyze the rumen fluid, measuring the reductive activity of the rumen flora (methylene blue reduction test, PRAM) and the sedimentation time at different times (0, 2, 4, 6, 8 10 hours) after the morning feeding. The experimental diets were: a) Control (60% Tifton 85 hay (Cynodon dactylon, L.) and 40% concentrate); b) MUDS silage (SilMUDS) without additive (45% SilMUDS, 15% Tifton 85 hay and 40% concentrate); c) MUDS silage added with ground corn (SilMUDS-MI) - 45% SilMUDS-MI, 15% Tifton 85 hay and 40% concentrate; and d) MUDS silage with wheat bran (SilMUDS-TRI)) – 45% SilMUDS-TRI, 15% Tifton 85 hay and 40% concentrate. The proportions of additive in the silages were 75% of the MUDS and 25% of the additive. Four sheep and four male goats, castrated and cannulated in the rumen, with initial mean body weights (BW) of 71.05 ± 7.53kg and 57.41 ± 9.71kg, respectively, distributed in a Latin square design were used. Ruminal parameters were influenced with the use of silages; pH and ammonia nitrogen showed greater variation (P<0.05) for the effect of treatments and collection time after the first feeding, resulting in ideal levels according to the literature for N-NH3 present in the rumen. Low levels of pH were obtained in all treatments and collection hours, evidencing the treatment of SilMUDS-MI which resulted in the lowest level (5.97); The sedimentation test showed a significant effect (P<0.05) for the hours of collection, with its sedimentation time decreasing as the hours of analysis passed; the analysis of PRAM (Methylene Blue Reducing Test) showed a high reductive effect (P<0.05) observing the collection times, due to the high level of carbohydrate degradation present in the rumen and how acidic the rumen fluid was. The SilMUDS with additives or not provides good levels of ammonium nitrogen considering normal ruminal parameters. SilMUDS, with or withoutItem Comportamento ingestivo de ovinos alimentados com dietas contendo duas fontes energéticas associadas ou não a palma orelha de elefante mexicana(2021-07-14) Ribeiro, Luiz Henrique Cunha; Carvalho, Francisco Fernando Ramos de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8552194153767195; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9796031048598474The aim of this study was to evaluate the replacement of corn by the extra fat whole germ of corn-GIEGM - in association or not with the Mexican Elephant Ear Palm - POEM - in the feeding of beef sheep. The experiment was carried out in the Sheep Farming sector of the Animal Science Department of the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, located in the city of Recife-PE. Forty Santa Inês sheep were used, no castred males with four months old and initial weight of 22.0 ± 1.0 kg, distributed in a completely randomized design, in four treatments: Corn + Hay, Corn + POEM, GIEGM + Hay and GIEGM+ POEM, using 10% of the dry matter of the diet for corn and extra fat whole corn germ in the diets that contained these ingredients, the use of palm did not exclude the use of tifton 85 hay. The animals were housed in individual pens provided with drinking fountains and feeding troughs, arranged in a covered sheepfold. The experiment lasted 75 days, with the first 15 days for the animals to adapt to the facilities, diet and management, and the remaining 60 days for evaluation and data collection. Ingestive behavior evaluations. Were realized chemical analyzes of diets and foods. There was no difference for the contrasts where TR, TA and C2 were evaluated, effect of the association of the Mexican elephant palm ear with extra fat whole corn germ (GIMEG + Hay vs GIEGM + POEM); and C4 the effect of the energy source (Corn + Hay vs GIEGM + Hay), for TA, TR, TO, TMT and EAL. The Mexican elephant ear Spineless Cactus stimulated dry matter intake in both treatments to which it was included, favoring a longer idle time, reducing total chewing time, improving feeding efficiency and rumination efficiency.
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