01. Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco - UFRPE (Sede)
URI permanente desta comunidadehttps://arandu.ufrpe.br/handle/123456789/1
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Resultados da Pesquisa
Item Desenvolvimento de pão de fermentação natural enriquecido com Spirulina platensis(2024-10-02) Santos, Carina Ellen da Silva; Siqueira, Leonardo Pereira de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9772792357816313; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6946845011621333Bread consumption has been a practice since the beginning of humanity. The high demand for this product has led to the need for greater creativity in the supply of breads that meet the market demand. Its traditional formulation also provides the possibility of developing other products that add both nutritional and sensory quality aspects that motivate consumers to purchase it. For this reason, over the years, the broad search for innovation in this area of the food sector has led to the emergence of new techniques and formulations for making bread or the revival of old methods, such as natural fermentation. Microalgae also appear as an alternative to enrich bread in its nutritional aspects. Spirulina platensis is a microalgae that can benefit health and help prevent diseases through its consumption. The perception of the beneficial properties of microalgae linked to the worldwide consumption of bread motivated the elaboration of this work, which aimed to develop formulations of naturally fermented sliced bread with different concentrations of Spirulina (1% and 3%). Physicochemical analyses of the parameters of specific volume, pH, acidity, colorimetry, water activity, moisture, texture, protein content and the estimation of the nutritional information of the sliced breads were performed. The results showed a reduction in the specific volume, elasticity and water activity of the breads enriched with microalgae. While moisture increased in relation to the addition of microalgae. In the pH parameters, Spirulina did not cause significant changes in the samples. As for the total titratable acidity, the breads that differed from each other were the control bread and the bread with 1% Spirulina and the bread with 3%. The color determination also obtained values with significant differences for all samples, where the one enriched with 3% proved to be the one that acquired a greater green hue, greater darkening of the dough and color intensity due to the pigments of Spirulina. For the determination of crude protein, the microalgae caused a significant difference in the values of the samples. The nutritional information demonstrated that the microalgae increases the levels of protein and iron and reduces the energy value. From this, it was possible to conclude that Spirulina has the potential to change the nutritional profile of bread. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the product's formulation so that it can achieve greater efficiency in health benefits, and it is also possible to carry out sensory analysis of the products to evaluate the perception and acceptance of the consumer public.Item Microrganismos fotossintetizantes como potencial fonte de moléculas bioativas contra Leishmania spp.: uma revisão(2023-08-14) Silva, Sabrina Swan Souza da; Bezerra, Raquel Pedrosa; Andrade, Alexsandra Frazão de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8560904255362766; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1466206759539320; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8504258200413633Leishmaniasis are infectious diseases caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania and represent a serious public health problem with global impact, affecting thousands of people every day. The drugs currently available for treatment are based on pentavalent antimonials that have adverse side effects with cases of resistance and ineffectiveness being frequently reported. Thus, photosynthetic microorganisms (microalgae and cyanobacteria) are a wide source of compounds that can be used in the treatment of various diseases, and due to their rapid growth combined with their minimum nutritional requirements. they have a reduced production cost, making them strong candidates as raw material for the development of new medicines. The search was conducted in databases such as Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, National Center for Biotechnology Infozmation (NCBI) and Virtual Health Library (VHL) using the terms alone and in combination to identify the articles: cyanobacteria, microalgae, photosynthetic microorganisms, bioactives, antileishmanial, antiprotozoal. The inclusion criteria for this review were original articles describing the antiparasitic activity of extracts or compounds isolated from cyanobacteria and microalgae against Leishmania infection. Bibliographical references of the included articles were checked to identify possible eligible articles. In total, eleven articles were selected and analyzed based on the species of microorganisms, bioactive compounds, and their minimum concentration to reduce 50% of the parasite population (IC5o). Cyanobacteria were the most studied group, with an emphasis on the genus Lyngbya, while there was only one study using three genera of microalgae (Nannochloris spp., Picochlorum sp. and Desmochloris sp.). The in vitro studies found reported the use of peptides as the main bioactive with anti-Leishmania activity, with the ticonamide A peptide, which presented the lowest ICso value (1.14 FM), and the almiramide B and almiramide C peptides, the most selective for the parasite, with IS values of 21.7 and 17.4, respectively. Therefore, peptides from photosynthetic microorganisms are a promising source for the development of future pharmacological products against Leishmania.Item Cultivo fototrófico, mixotrófico e heterotrófico de microalgas em esgoto doméstico visando a produção de biodiesel(2019-12-12) Marques, Isabela de Lima; Santos, Maria de Lourdes Florencio do; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9481193101590250; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7348426905838269Improvement of technologies in the cultivation of microalgae using domestic wastewater implies the reduction of the costs involved in the decontamination of the polluted waters by these effluents, as well as generating inputs for obtaining clean energy sources. The biodiesel production from microalgae has the main advantages: (i) not competing for arable land, (ii) not needing pesticides and excessive water consumption, and (iii) presenting high growth rates and high lipid biomass intracellular. Thus, the present research promoted the cultivation of microalgae D. subspicatus in domestic wastewater under different energy metabolism, in order to optimize growth rates, concentrations of cells in culture, and therefore, identify the crop conditions that promotes better intracellular lipid production, making biofuel production from microalgae, more economically and environmentally sustainable.Item Fotogranulação e recuperação de fósforo em fotobiorreator em bateladas sequenciais no tratamento de esgoto doméstico de baixa carga orgânica(2023-08-08) Almeida, Ana Alice Xavier de; Magnus, Bruna Scandolara; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7126445594531053; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8471636011949542The application of the algal-bacterial consortium in the treatment of wastewater has been studied for several aspects beyond the reduction of pollutant load. Among these aspects, the high nutrient removal capacity and the potential for utilization of excess biomass stand out. Therefore, this study investigated the performance of the algal-bacterial granular consortium in a photobioreactor in sequential batches, operating with 4 h cycles, treating synthetic domestic wastewater under light intensity, as well as evaluating the phosphorus recovery capacity in the biomass. To achieve the objective of this research, a transparent acrylic photobioreactor was constructed with a useful volume of 3.5 L, with a height/diameter ratio of 8 mm and a volumetric change of 55%. The system was inoculated with the mixture of aerobic sludge from a sludge station activated by prolonged aeration. Aerobic granules were obtained in the photobioreactor, and granules with diameters between 0.2 and 1 mm were formed. Throughout the experiment, the COD removal efficiency averaged 88% and remained stable throughout the experiment. The system achieved 72% nitrogen removal efficiency, so the microalgae growth may have contributed to this removal. Chlorophyll concentration reached 5.8 mg/L in the photobioreactor, indicating a symbiosis between heterotrophic bacteria and microalgae. Concentrations were noticeable in five fractions of phosphorus present in the biomass, found concentrations of 4.9 mg/g.SSV, 4.1 mg/g.SSV, 5.4 mg/g.SSV, 1.4 mg/g.SSV, 0.38 mg/g.SSV for total, organic, inorganic, apatite and non-apatite phosphorus, respectively, showing the potential for application in agriculture.Item Avaliação do crescimento e rendimento em biomassa das diatomáceas Amphora sp., Chaetoceros calcitrans e Thalassiosira fluviatilis(2020-10-29) Lima, Jasiel José de; Olivera Gálvez, Alfredo; Moraes, Laenne Barbara Silva de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1483699193923171; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7002327312102794; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0975356390769917Microalgae are autotrophic microscopic organisms that form a heterogeneous group, predominant in aquatic environments, responsible for most of the oxygen and primary production of the Earth. They are classified into four main groups: Cyanophyceae, Chrysophyceae, Chlorophyceae and Bacillariophyceae (diatoms). These microorganisms produce various organic compounds and are commonly used in several branches of industry and aquaculture. The present study aimed to evaluate the growth and yield in dry biomass of the diatoms: Amphora sp., Chaetoceros calcitrans and Thalassiosira fluviatilis. The experimental design was completely randomized, with three replications for each species, totalling nine experimental units. For growth evaluation, daily counts were performed in a Neubauer chamber and optical microscope, obtaining the variables: growth rate (K), doubling time (DT) and maximum cell density (MCD). Likewise, growth curves were drawn up adjusted by approximating the logistic curve. At the end of the cultivation, the dry biomass yield was obtained, after the centrifugation steps, to remove the supernatant and lyophilization, to dry the biomass. As a result, higher DCM and K were obtained for C. calcitrans (1,225 x 104 cells mL-1 and 1.58 div day-1) and higher dry biomass yields for T. fluviatilis (0.61 g L-1) and Amphora sp. (0.46 g L-1). The three species showed different parameters of growth and yield in biomass, being T. fluviatilis and Amphora sp. favorable for yield in dry biomass and C. calcitrans to reach higher cell densities.Item Produção de astaxantina a partir da microalga Haematococcus pluvialis: processos, aplicações e mercado(2021-01-12) Mota, Géssica Cavalcanti Pereira; Olivera Gálvez, Alfredo; Moraes, Laenne Barbara Silva de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1483699193923171; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7002327312102794; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7680483824638632Astaxanthin is a carotenoid with applications in human and animal health and nutrition, biosynthesized by many microorganisms, including the microalga Haematococcus pluvialis. The astaxanthin biosynthesis process in this microalga is carried out in the cytoplasm, starting in the vegetative phase of the life cycle and ending in the cystic phase, when secondary carotenoids are induced through physical-chemical changes in cultivation. The production of H. pluvialis occurs in open or closed cultivation structures, in semi-continuous, continuous or discontinuous modes, presenting different growth variables, productivity and characteristics related to the purity of the culture. The processes resulting from the cultivation of microalga to obtain astaxanthin consists of biomass harvest, cell disruption, drying of biomass and astaxanthin extraction. Due to the processes necessary to produce biomass and astaxanthin, the production costs are high, depending on the methods of cultivation and processing, however it has a higher market value compared to other astaxanthin sources. The astaxanthin production from H. pluvialis becomes more viable and sustainable when the biorefinery model is applied, with the integration of bioprocessing to obtain products and co-products of high value, such as proteins, lipids, carbohydrates and pigments, as well as energy generation, in order to maximize benefits and limit costs.Item Atividade larvicida do extrato celular e de lectina extraídos de Chlorella vulgaris frente larvas em L4 de Aedes aegypti(2020-11-11) Silva, Maria Laura da; Bezerra, Raquel Pedrosa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1466206759539320; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0330489267196523Dengue, chikungunya and zika are viral diseases caused by the transmitting agent Aedes aegypti. According to data from the World Health Organization (WHO), the numbers of cases of these infections are increasing, the main method of prevention being the use of chemical insecticides to combat the vector, which has provoked resistance in the populations. The search for insecticides extracted from natural sources has been an alternative, thus, microalgae appear as a new possibility because they present biodegradable and non-toxic bioactives. Therefore, this research aimed to use the cell extract and Chlorella vulgaris lectin on A. aegypti to investigate larvicidal activity and inhibition on trypsin in the fourth larval stage (L4). The biomass of C. vulgaris was grown in Bold's Basal Medium. The biomass was concentrated and resuspended in a proportion of 10% w / v in 0.1 M Tris-HCl-NaCl buffer, pH 7.5 for the preparation of the cell extract by magnetic stirring for 9h and later performed hemagglutinating activity. Lectin was purified using anionic chromatography (DEAE-Sephadex) and Superdex 75 molecular exclusion. Cell extract at concentrations of 3.13% to 100%, and lectin from 25 to 200 μg mL-1, were applied to the larvae A. aegypti L4 during the 72-hour period following WHO recommendations. The cell extract showed an LC50 value with 3 hours (LC50 = 43.50%) and 24 hours (LC50 = 10.62%). While lectin showed LC50 at 24 hours (164.2 μg mL-¹), 48 hours (125.3 μg mL-¹) and 72 hours (106.5 μg mL-1). To observe the mechanism of action of intestinal trypsin, the LC50 of the cell extract containing 260 μg ml-1 of protein was applied to the fourth stage of A. aegypti larvae. Upon reaching the fourth stage, the larvae were incubated with the microalgae cell extract for a total period of 10 hours, and every 2 hours trypsin activity was performed. It was observed that the longer the cell extract treatment time with the larvae, the greater the reduction in intestinal extract trypsin activity. There was a 34.93% reduction in activity from the initial time with 2 hours to the final time with 10 hours. Thus, the present study using the cell extract, as well as the lectin isolated from C. vulgaris, appears as a new larvicidal potential of A. aegypti.Item Extração e caracterização de extratos lipídicos obtidos da biomassa de Tetradesmus (Scenedesmus) obliquus com propriedades antimicrobianas(2021-07-15) Ferreira, Millena Patrício do Nascimento; Bezerra, Raquel Pedrosa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1466206759539320; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1713734083159044Microalgae have become a source promising renewable energy, in addition it provides bioactive substances such as carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins and lipids. Lipids perform several biological functions and are fundamental to the survival of most living beings. Extraction is an important step in the process of obtaining lipids from microalgal biomass and can be performed in different ways in order to achieve greater yield and cost-benefit. This study performed the extraction and characterization of the lipid extract from the biomass of Tetradesmus obliquus and evaluated its antimicrobial property. Microalgae was cultivated in Erlenmeyers flasks for 15 days until it reached the stationary phase of cell growth. The dry biomass remained in contact with the solvents hexane, ethyl acetate and ethanol P.A, all with different polarities, for 48 hours in which the lipid yield and the fatty acid profile were determined by gas chromatography. Extracts of hexane (EHT), ethyl acetate (EAT) and ethanol (EET) were subjected to antimicrobial activity at concentrations of 100, 50, 25, 12.5, 6.25 and 3.12 mg/mL against bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae e Escherichia coli. EET obtained the highest lipid yield with 1.49±0.01% in the first extraction, while EAT obtained 1.22±0.02% and EHT yielded 0.52±0.03%. In a second extraction EHT doubled the yield with 1.17±0.00% and EAT managed to reach 2.47±0.00%, presenting better results with an reextraction. The essential fatty acids most present in the extracts were α-linolenic (15.4% to 19.9%) and oleic acid (5.74% to 8.93%), which are most present in the extract EHT and EAT. EAT managed to achieve better results by inhibiting the growth of all bacteria to the lowest concentration. EHT was positive until the concentration of 6.25 mg/mL and EET only managed to totally inhibit the growth of the E.coli bacteria at the concentration of 100 mg/mL. So far, it can be concluded that the ethyl acetate solvent is more suitable for extraction of T. obliquus lipids with antimicrobial activity.