01. Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco - UFRPE (Sede)
URI permanente desta comunidadehttps://arandu.ufrpe.br/handle/123456789/1
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Item Aflatoxinas B1 e M1: uma ameaça para a saúde única(2024-02-27) Buriti, Isabela Barros; Silva, Nivan Antônio Alves da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3505011500604071; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1397684147122889In the 1960s, with the outbreak of acute liver disease in turkeys, ducklings and other birds, research began on aflatoxin poisoning in laboratory animals. After confirming the hepatotoxic potential of aflatoxins, the risk they pose to human health was also highlighted. Aflatoxin-producing fungi are capable of developing in a variety of foods, especially cereals. Strains of Aspergillus flavus produce only aflatoxins B1 and B2, while strains of Aspergillus parasiticus can produce aflatoxins B1, B2, G1 and G2. All aflatoxins are carcinogenic, with aflatoxins B1 and M1 being related to hepatocarcinogenesis. Animals and humans can develop aflatoxicosis when consuming food contaminated by any of these toxins. After ingestion, toxins are absorbed and metabolized in the liver, resulting in the production of less toxic metabolites such as AFM1, which is excreted in milk, urine, feces and bile. Acute poisoning is associated with signs such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, vomiting and pulmonary edema, and may progress to death. Chronic poisoning is related to malnutrition, immunosuppression, growth retardation, reduced reproductive performance, liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Poisoned individuals may present mild anemia, alterations in liver enzymes with elevation of gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT), aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (AP) and bile acids. Serum albumin may be decreased, as well as the albumin:globulin ratio. Currently, there are chemical control or decontamination techniques that can be efficient. However, the restricted and sustainable use of fungicides and the increased consumer demand for residue-free foods require the study of alternatives for the control of fungi and consequently of mycotoxins. Therefore, investments have been made in techniques that avoid contamination, in the use of biological control and adsorbents. Given the implications for unique health and economic importance of aflatoxicosis, continued study on this topic is relevant. In addition to raising awareness among the population about the forms of contamination, the development of detection tests that are efficient and rapid, as well as the implementation of control and prevention strategies that are applicable and useful.Item Relatório do Estágio Supervisionado Obrigatório (ESO) realizado na empresa Mauricéa Alimentos do Nordeste LTDA. revisão de literatura: micotoxinas e o uso de adsorventes na avicultura(2024-02-21) Silva, Genilson Rodrigues Nunes da; Barros, Mércia Rodrigues; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1935392548217410; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7495317421424524The poultry industry has grown a lot since the 20th century, currently Brazil is the second largest producer of chicken meat in the world. Even with existing developments, difficulties with the presence of mycotoxins are still a reality. This report presents the activities developed during the Mandatory Supervised Internship (ESO), which was carried out between October 5th and December 21st, 2023 at the company Mauricéa Alimentos do Nordeste LTDA, comprising a workload of 420 hours. The objective was to describe the activities experienced at ESO, experiencing the day-to-day life of the feed factory, the hatchery, the breeder farm, the integration and the slaughterhouse, highlighting the challenges and solutions inherent to the sector. As well as the related work brings a literature review on mycotoxins and the use of adsorbents in the composition of poultry feed. ESO is extremely important for the training of a professional, making it possible to unify the knowledge obtained at the university with the day-to-day experience of professionals in each sector.