01. Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco - UFRPE (Sede)
URI permanente desta comunidadehttps://arandu.ufrpe.br/handle/123456789/1
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Resultados da Pesquisa
Item Ecologia trófica e migração vertical de Diaphus brachycephalus na Região Norte do Brasil(2024-03-08) Generozo, Roberta Domingos; Frédou, Thierry; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8119220407894290; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0486964779126254Lanternfish (Myctophidae) are among the most abundant vertebrates in the world, they connect the oceanic vertical layers and represent an important trophic link between zooplankton and large consumers. However, despite its importance, there is still a lack of studies and information regarding some aspects of its ecology. Therefore, this study investigated the trophic ecology and vertical migration of the species Diaphus brachycephalus in the Northern Region of Brazil, as well as characterizing the composition and the most important items in the diet, evaluating the breadth of the trophic niche and evaluating the dietary difference concerning depth and period of day. To investigate trophodynamics, the specimens' stomachs and contents were analyzed. To define migration patterns, the vertical distribution of the species was observed during periods of day and night. Of the 83 stomachs analyzed, all of them contained prey in their contents. In total, 20 types of food items were found. The diet was mainly composed of crustaceans and molluscs. The breadth of the trophic niche showed that D. brachycephalus has a generalist diet. The multidimensional analysis (nMDS) result showed that the factors, period of day and depth did not influence feeding patterns. Vertical distribution patterns showed that during the day, the species predominated in upper mesopelagic waters, with a small part of the population also present in lower mesopelagic regions. At night, its distribution peaked in superficial epipelagic regions, with part of the population also present in upper and lower mesopelagic regions. The study showed that crustaceans were the most abundant and important group for D. brachycephalus. The species was classified as an asynchronous migrant, as only part of its population migrated at night. It was also classified in Group II as a vertical migrant with an upper mesopelagic distribution.Item Caracterização da composição do plâncton em viveiros de piscicultura na Estação de Piscicultura Continental Johei Koike (UFRPE)(2022-10-07) Laurentino, Isla Mishele da Silva; Porto Neto, Fernando de Figueiredo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1475750525654086; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3476650402323599An aquatic environment for the rational creation of fish has its own complex ecology, where the dynamics of biological and physical-chemical processes determine the conditions of water quality. Planktonic communities represent a sensitive tool to monitor environmental variations, such as indicators of water quality, levels of pollution and eutrophication, as well as important food sources for the trophic chain. The objective was to investigate the planktonic community of three active fish ponds in a diversion system and identify patterns in this community. Weekly water collections were carried out in three active fish ponds, at the Professor Johei Koike Aquaculture Station located on the headquarters of the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE). A superficial horizontal trawl was performed in each pond, with a plankton net with a mesh opening of 64 μm. The plankton samples were preserved in 70% alcohol and analyzed at the Zooplankton Laboratory of the Department of Oceanography at UFPE. The identification took place at the taxonomic level of large groups. For the three ponds, the water transparency was always below 25cm, decreasing from ponds 1 to 3 and in general the temperature was always between 28 and 29°C. Thus, a low variety of plankton species was observed in the ponds. Phytoplankton populations did not show great variations, in the three ponds the phylum Chlorophyta was the group of algae with the highest number of cells. On the other hand, zooplankton varied between ponds according to the type of fish cultivated and trophic conditions, the phylum Rotifera was in greater number in the three ponds, however, with abundance in relation to the other species in pond 3. that water quality parameters and the type of fish farmed appear to be the main factors controlling plankton populations in ponds.Item Ecomorfologia e papel do ambiente de zona de arrebentação nos estágios de vida iniciais de espécies de Clupeiformes em uma praia arenosa tropical brasileira(2021-09-30) França, Vinícius Fellype Cavalcanti de; Severi, William; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0914569737947285; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8439327285134607Surf zones are environments with a huge importance for the early life stages of several fish species for presenting characteristics such as the high phytoplanktonic activity providing an elevated availability of food and their physical factors such as the wave actions that supply a great nutrient cycling and increases the turbidity featuring the surf zones ideal nursery environments for diverse species of fish for allow its development, among which, those of the clupeiforms order are included. The clupeiform fishes have a great ecological and economic importance for being abundant fish in tropical sandy beaches surf zones with significant fisheries importance. Studies about their feeding ecology and environment utilization are relevant and one of the methods for the construction of this knowledge is the application of ecomorphological analyses, which turns possible the understanding of the species ecological interactions and their adaptations. 10 ecomorphological variables were analyzed of individuals belonging to the species Anchoa tricolor, Anchoa januaria, Anchovia clupeoides, Anchovia lepidentostole, Lycengraulis grossidens, Chirocentrodon bleekerianus, Harengula clupeola and Opisthonema oglinum whose values were employed in a principal component analysis (PCA) with the two first axis explaining 60,71% of the total variance. It was observed a high morphological overlap between the species of Engraulidae with the exception of A. clupeoides, which differed from the others for presenting higher values of the compression index and caudal peduncle compression index. The Clupeidae species differed from the other families due to its big values of relative height and relative head length that also showed differences between the species themselves, having Harengula clupeola presented the highest values of these variables. The representative of the Pristigasteridae showed intermediate overlap between the other families because it is a compressed specie but with low scores of relative height, caudal peduncle relative length and mouth aspect ratio. The morphological differentiation between the families and even between specimens from a same family indicated niche divergences, showing that besides their phylogenetically proximity there are differences in their ecological interactions turning possible their coexistence.Item Biologia reprodutiva e ecologia trófica do peixe Larimus breviceps (Perciformes: Sciaenidae) no litoral da Paraíba(2021-01-29) Silva, Lucas Vinícius Santos; Frédou, Flávia Lucena; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4779271407117528; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5258131874570501The shorthead drum Larimus breviceps is one of the main bycatch species of the shrimp fisheries in Brazil. However, studies addressing the biology and fisheries impacts on this species are still scarce (e.g., macroscopic, and microscopic ovarian maturation, oocyte development, seasonal variation in the diet, morphometric attributes, isotope analysis). Here, we describe the main aspects of the reproductive biology and the feeding ecology of L. breviceps on Paraíba, northeast Brazil. A total of 970 individuals (549 females and 421 males) were caught between December 2016 and November 2017 through a beach seine. The total length (TL) varied from 4.2 to 23.0 cm. Females dominated over males (1 female: 0.77 male). The gonads were described by macroscopic and microscopic analysis. The ovaries were composed by oogonia, pre-vitellogenic, vitellogenic, mature and atretic oocytes. Thereafter, the following stages were thus defined for females: immature, initial development, advanced development, mature and regressing. The period of highest reproductive activity occurs between November and March and immature individuals occur throughout the year. The mean length at first maturity (L50) was 11.1 cm TL. To the feeding ecology study, a subsample of 419 stomachs were analyzed. The total length (TL) varied between 6.3 and 19.2 cm. Nine feeding categories were defined for L. breviceps. Sergestidae was characterized as the main prey (IAi=83%). The diet composition displayed a different pattern for juveniles and adults. Significant differences were found for peduncle flatness index and body flatness index in 49 individuals (27 juveniles and 19 adults); indicating that adults are faster swimmers than juveniles. A total of 40 individuals (dry season = 20; rainy season = 20) were selected for stable isotope analysis. Differences were found in δ13C values for different size classes in the dry season, with juveniles feeding on preys with higher δ13C levels than the adults. The shorthead drum had a trophic level between the third and fourth position, classifying the species as a carnivore predator. The information provided here contributes to the overall knowledge of this species and may be useful for further development of management practices that ensure sustainability of marine species exploitation.Item Ecologia trófica de Amphisbaena vermicularis Wagler, 1824, (Squamata, Amphisbaenidae) Nordeste, Brasil(2021-12-17) Silva, Pedro Vinicius Freire Guedes da; Moura, Geraldo Jorge Barbosa de; Maciel, Renata Perez; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9083555957024860; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1348666346504103; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5792351278939394Amphisbaena vermicularis is a legless reptile with reduced vision, but with good chemical and sound perception. It is a fossorial animal, the difficulty in studying its behavior, distribution, and ecology. The objective of this work is to analyze the diet of Amphisbaena vermicularis, as well as the parameters related to the trophic ecology of the research. A total of 57 animals (16 males, 14 schoolchildren, 24 juveniles, and 3 unidentified) from the herpetological collection of the Universidade Federal do Ceará were transported. For each individual, eight morphometric measurements were taken: cloacal rostrum length, mandibular width, body width, body height, head width, head width, head length, and tail length, these measurements were used to quantify the degree of sexual dimorphism of the species. Stomach contents were developed and measured in length and width. Of the 57 holding 32 aggregates with empty stomachs, while 25 had identifiable prey in the digestive tract, the most found item was Formicidae, with a frequency of 44.12%, followed by Blattaria with 23.53%, Coleoptera larvae with 17 .65%, Isoptera with 8.82%, and Coleoptera and Araneae tied with 2.94%, totaling 137 food items. Statistical tests indicated an absence of variation between the diet of males, persists, and juveniles. The results of the present work reveal that A. vermicularis is a generalist predator feeding on arthropods randomly, according to their body capacity.