Licenciatura em Ciências Biológicas (Sede)
URI permanente desta comunidadehttps://arandu.ufrpe.br/handle/123456789/18
Siglas das Coleções:
APP - Artigo Publicado em Periódico
TAE - Trabalho Apresentado em Evento
TCC - Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso
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113 resultados
Resultados da Pesquisa
Item O uso de metodologias ativas no ensino de Biologia: um relato de experiência do Programa de Residência Pedagógica(2024-03-11) Silva, Julyana dos Anjos; Araújo, Elian Sandra Alves de; Rodrigues, Cynthia Waleria de Melo Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6630201128820151; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8362137509119353; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3920612274214876Este trabalho explora a aplicação de metodologias ativas no ensino de Biologia através das experiências em turmas do ensino médio de uma escola de referência em Pernambuco, sob a perspectiva de uma residente do Programa de Residência Pedagógica, destacando o papel crucial do programa na formação profissional de educadores. Ao abordar as implicações sobre a implementação das metodologias ativas, o estudo reflete sobre o desafio de integrar essas práticas em um sistema educacional no qual ainda prevalece a adoção dos métodos tradicionais de ensino, especialmente no contexto brasileiro. O trabalho destaca a importância da diversificação da prática pedagógica tanto para o entendimento de conceitos biológicos, mais especificamente dentro das áreas de estudo da Ecologia e da Botânica quanto para a promoção de um aprendizado mais significativo e centrado no estudante, visando a promoção de uma formação crítica e reflexiva destes sujeitos.Item Promovendo a alfabetização científica e tecnológica através do ensino de Citologia no ensino médio: relatos de uma professora em formação(2024-10-01) Pereira, Maria Isabel de Oliveira Mendes; Araújo, Elian Sandra Alves de; Conceição, Emanuella Maria da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0829667458659173; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8362137509119353; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3096551749857151This report describes the process of designing, organizing and developing a pedagogical workshop using didactic models for teaching Cytology, from the perspective of a resident of the Pedagogical Residency Program, with the aim of promoting Scientific and Technological Literacy in High School. The combination of practical activities with concrete visual resources, such as biscuit dough, paints, canvases and brushes, helped to assimilate cellular concepts, promoting deeper and more meaningful learning, as well as increasing student involvement and enabling greater interaction between them. The Cell Biology Workshop contributed to the development of fundamental skills, such as observation, description and interpretation of cytological concepts and phenomena. However, some challenges were identified, such as the need to adjust the time and space allocated to the activities and the diversification of materials due to the lack of financial resources. In the end, it was concluded that this approach helps to promote students' scientific literacy by bringing them closer to scientific elements and language, and can therefore be considered an effective strategy for improving the teaching and learning processes in Biology.Item Uma adaptação de um modelo em impressão 3D para o ensino de divisão celular(2024-10-04) Silva, Rayane Lima da; Amorim Filho, Edgar Corrêa de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0697314354160472; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6730984571052186This work adapts an existing model of cell division to create 3D printed didactic models, incorporating braille plates as an innovative approach to teaching the cell cycle, in accordance with the guidelines of the National Common Curricular Base (BNCC). The study analyzes the historical evolution of knowledge about the cell cycle and describes its main phases: interphase, mitosis, and meiosis. The inclusion of braille plates aims to make these concepts more accessible, providing an educational experience that is visual, tactile, and interactive. Additionally, the work details the 3D printing process, including material selection and the stages of manufacturing the didactic models, and highlights the advantages of this technology in the educational context. The planning and printing of models representing the phases of the cell cycle were carried out with the intention of laying the groundwork for future practical activities, which aim to assess the effectiveness of this tool as an inclusive pedagogical resource. Although the activity has not yet been implemented, the 3D models have the potential to enhance students' understanding, providing a more dynamic and interactive learning experience in cellular biology. This innovative methodology can transform the teaching of complex concepts, promoting the adoption of emerging technologies and creating a more accessible and engaging educational environment for all students.Item Metodologias ativas e práticas interdisciplinares no ensino médio: um estudo de caso em uma escola particular em Recife(2024-10-04) Silva, Cesar Welyce da; Cavalcanti, Jacqueline Santos Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9841407418433772; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6921572996321415This paper investigated the effectiveness of active methodologies in science laboratory practices as a method of preparation for exams such as ENEM and SSA, for students that are in the first and second year of High School, with the aim of promoting a more significant and integrated learning with the sciences of nature. ProlabPreMed, created in 2018 at a private school in the city of Recife, PE, prepares high school students for college entrance exams with a focus on admission to highly competitive courses such as medicine and engineering. The practices carried out in the science laboratory involve a series of experiments that are covered in entrance exams, providing students with a deeper understanding of theoretical concepts. The use of active methodologies encourages active student participation, making the school environment dynamic and collaborative. Moreover, these approaches foster the acquisition of essential skills, such as critical thinking, problem-solving, and independence, which are crucial both for the exams and for academic and professional development.Item Investigação do extrato de cladódios de Cereus jamacaru quanto à composição química, potencial antimicrobiano contra Staphylococcus aureus e efeito larvicida para Aedes aegypti(2023-09-21) Guimarães, Júlia Maria Rodrigues; Pontual, Emmanuel Viana; Alves, João Victor de Oliveira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0882174483226946; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1777060469196142; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3701748857935689Cereus jamacaru (Cactaceae), mandacaru, is a plant from the Brazilian semi-arid region that has economic importance for livestock farming and use in folk medicine. The use of currently commercialized antibiotics leads to many unwanted effects and has led to the emergence of resistant bacteria, while synthetic insecticides generally have high persistence in the environment and strong non-target toxicity. In this sense, the search for new antimicrobial agents and insecticides has grown. The aim of this work was to investigate the cladode extract of C. jamacaru regarding its chemical composition (presence of lectins, protease inhibitors and secondary metabolites), antimicrobial potential against pathogenic bacteria and larvicidal effect against Aedes aegypti. Cladodes of C. jamacaru were collected in Recife, Pernambuco. The spines were removed and the cladodes were cut into slices and air-dried (28°C, 4 days). Then, the cladodes were crushed and the powder (10 g) was homogenized (28°C, 16 h) with 0.15 M NaCl solution (100 mL) in water, using a magnetic stirrer. The mixture was filtered and centrifuged (3,000 g, 15 min) and the clear supernatant corresponded to cladode extract (CjCE) which was investigated for the presence of lectins using rabbit erythrocytes, protease inhibitor using bovine trypsin (0.1 mg/ mL) and the chromogenic and peptidomimetic substrate BApNA (8 mM), and secondary metabolites by thin layer chromatography. The content of phenolic compounds in CjCE was determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent (10%, v/v) and a gallic acid standard curve, while flavonoids were quantified using the aluminum chloride reagent (20%, m/v) and quercetin as standard. Then, the extract was investigated for antioxidant activity using the DPPH, ABTS and Phosphomolybdenum methods. The antibacterial potential of CjCE was determined using bacterial strains sensitive or resistant to antibiotics by the plate microdilution method. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC, lowest concentration of CjCE capable of inhibiting bacterial growth by 50%) was determined. Hemolysis assay by S. aureus was performed using human erythrocytes and the effect of CjCE (128, 64 and 32 µg/mL) on hemolysis was investigated. The larvicidal potential of CjCE (0.40 to 3.5%, m/v) was evaluated by treatment (48 h) of A. aegypti larvae in the third instar (L3). CjCE caused agglutination of rabbit erythrocytes (8 UAH), suggesting the presence of lectins. The extract reduced the hydrolysis of the BApNA substrate by trypsin, indicating the presence of a protease inhibitor. CjCE thin layer chromatography revealed the presence of reducing sugars and qualitative-quantitative analysis showed 40.20±0.97 mgEAG/g of total phenols, among which, 3.36±0.07 mgEAG/g (8, 36%) were flavonoids. CjCE showed relevant oxidant activity, with the ability to scavenge ABTS and DPPH radicals (IC50 of 3,735 µg/mL and 2704.50 µg/mL, respectively), but was not able to cause reduction of phosphomolybdenum. CjCE was toxic only to the Staphylococcus aureus strain (UFPEDA 02), revealing a strong bacteriostatic effect (MIC of 199.09±0.85 µg/mL), and reduced erythrocyte lysis caused by the bacteria by more than 90%, compared to to control. The treatment of L3 of Ae. aegypti with CjCE resulted in dose-dependent mortality (LC50 = 0.68%, m/v). On the other hand, when larvae were treated with CjCE at a concentration 10 times higher than the LC50, the intestinal contents covered by the peritrophic membrane were eliminated in an attempt to eliminate the toxic components of the extract. In conclusion, C. jamacaru cladode extract is a novel antimicrobial agent capable of strongly inhibiting the growth of S. aureus and reducing bacterial toxicity to human erythrocytes. Furthermore, the toxicity to A. aegypti larvae shown here points to the C. jamacaru cladode extract as an interesting starting material for obtaining larvicidal formulations. The antibacterial and insecticidal effects of the extract may be linked to the presence of lectins, protease inhibitors and phenolic compounds.Item Uso dos sistemas CRISPR no diagnóstico do câncer(2024-10-03) Coura Filho, Fábio de Souza Esteves; Souza, Paulo Roberto Eleutério de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1971832245117283; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9573756167234737Item Predição por análise in silico da consequência de mutação missense no gene IGF2 humano(2023-09-04) Costa, Karla Roberta Lemos Maul de Souza; Maia, Maria de Mascena Diniz; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7051998554981575; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8727605240852776Item Educação sexual em livros didáticos de ciências utilizados na rede pública estadual de Pernambuco(2024-03-07) Valentim, Niķson Nathan Lopes; Araújo, Monica Lopes Folena; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7902118982606429Currently, with the advancement of technology and access to digital resources, the number of useful tools for teaching science has diversified and grown. However, teaching resources such as the textbook (LD) remain one of the most important and accessible for teachers. Therefore, it is worth highlighting that the quality of the content present in the textbook is an essential factor for the quality of teaching practice. In this sense, sexuality is an essential topic in anyone’s life. From an early age, individuals are exposed to questions and discoveries about their own sexual identity. Therefore, it is extremely important that this subject is addressed appropriately in textbooks, which are one of the main sources of knowledge for teenagers in their final years of elementary school. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to present research developed through the analysis of three textbooks used by public elementary schools in the state of Pernambuco. The research aimed to analyze how the theme “sexuality” is referred to in elementary school textbooks (LD) for the 8th year, adopted by a public school in the state of Pernambuco. Given the findings, it was evident that textbooks initially focus on exposing content that predominantly values the biological aspects of human beings. By focusing exclusively on the biological aspects of sexuality, textbooks reinforce gender stereotypes, norms and traditional patterns of behavior, contributing to the maintenance of a conservative and limited view on the subject. However, LDs were found that included content related to sexuality within social and psychological aspects.Item Diversidade funcional da comunidade de besouros escarabeíneos (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) na Estação Ecológica do Tapacurá, Pernambuco, Brasil(2024-03-08) Silva, Bruno Bispo da; Liberal, Carolina Nunes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7390869942259612; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1411320038538078The attractiveness of scarabeine beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) for different types of resources means that they can be divided into guilds related to behavior (resource allocation, diet and period of activity) and morphological variations (size, shape and biomass ). Different combinations of these characteristics confer different competitive capabilities between species, which can reduce direct competition and allow the coexistence of different species. The impoverishment of dung beetle communities implies a disruption in the important ecological services they offer. Thus, the present study aimed to analyze the functional diversity of the dung beetle community at the Estação Ecológica do Tapacurá, PE. Specifically, identify the functional groups present in the community according to functional traits: biomass, food preference and resource allocation. For this, two collections were carried out in 2023, one in February (dry season) and another in March (rainy season), at ten points, distributed to form a transect, with a minimum distance between points of 100m. At each point, a set of two pitfall traps were installed, baited with human feces and rotted bovine spleen and exposed for 48 hours/collection. A total of 940 beetles were collected, 763 from meat baits (352 in the dry season and 411 in the rainy season) and 177 in the feces baits (90 in the dry season and 87 in the rainy season). 19 species were identified, belonging to eight genera: Anomiopus, Ateuchus, Canthidium, Canthon, Coprophanaeus, Deltochilum, Dichotomius and Eurysternus. Beetles were classified into functional groups based on size according to biomass (large and small), resource allocation and food preference. The study showed that the community is mainly composed of small beetles, paracoprids or telecoprids, generalists or scavengers, while endocoprids and coprophages were represented by a single species each. The lower number of beetles in the feces bait suggests a low abundance of mammals in the region, its main source of resources. Highlighting the functional diversity present among dung beetles in the region and the importance of continuing to monitor these communities to understand their role in ecosystems.Item Análise das questões de biologia do ENEM (1998 - 2022) e as implicações do seu protagonismo no ensino de ciências biológicas(2023-03-30) Santos, Rebeca Caroline dos; Cavalcanti, Jacqueline Santos Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9841407418433772; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1034491539161852Since the beginning of the history of Brazilian education, the challenge of establishing educational public policies that effectively implement an evaluation method has been evident. With this in mind, the ENEM was created with the purpose of evaluating and pointing out possible solutions for the various deficiencies observed in basic school education. Given the importance given to this evaluation process, this work aims to analyze the biology questions present in the exam from 1998 to 2022, considering the reflexes presented in science teaching due to the protagonism of ENEM. For this, it was necessary to compartmentalize and categorize 439 questions in their respective themes and subthemes of the biological context, also observing the presence or absence of contextualization, interdisciplinarity and multidisciplinarity; these being the guiding principles of ENEM. That said, it was found that the most frequent theme during the ENEM was ecology (30.80%) with the most relevant sub-theme "disharmonious relationships and human impact" (22.78%). On the other hand, the theme with less frequency was botany (2.44%), with the sub-theme “angiosperm” with greater evidence. Contextualization results reflect an inversely proportional condition with the visual elements, that is, the more visual information, the lower the contextualization. Interdisciplinarity presented an average of 21.31%, while multidisciplinary corresponds to 17.42%. Based on qualitative results, it was found that the exam underwent constant structural changes influenced by the social, economic and political context. In terms of education, it becomes a major curricular driver in science teaching, even if it is outdated when compared to BNCC. Still, when observed about the evaluative category, a neo-traditionalist bias was found, opposing the Ministry of Education, when claiming to be a constructivist test.