01.1 - Graduação (Sede)
URI permanente desta comunidadehttps://arandu.ufrpe.br/handle/123456789/2
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Resultados da Pesquisa
Item Crescimento e mortalidade do camarão-branco Litopenaeus schmitti capturado no Nordeste do Brasil(2021-11-23) Castro Neto, Hildemário; Peixoto, Sílvio Ricardo Maurano; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5714254437228167; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3502608249040418Shrimp fishing has great economic, social and cultural importance in the Northeast region of Brazil. The shrimp Litopenaeus schmitti (white shrimp or Vila Franca) is one of the fisheries resources with the greatest prominence and catch values in marine fisheries. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the growth and mortality of white shrimp in the cities of Lucena (PB) and Sirinhaém (PE). These analyzes were carried out for males, selective and grouped sexes, from a database for animals captured from August 2011 to July 2012 in Sirinhaém and between December 2016 and November 2017 in Lucena. Biometric relationships between measurements of length (cephalothorax and total) and weight were performed from equations fitted by linear and nonlinear regressions based on the squared data method. A modal progression analysis uses an ELEFAN routine from the Fisat program to estimate the growth parameters L[infinity] (asymptotic growth of the cephalothorax), k (growth coefficient), and [Phi] (growth performance index) in the von Bertalanffy formula and parameters of total mortality (Z), natural (M) and by fishing (F) in addition to the exploitation rate (E), size of first catch (Lc) and longevity (Long). In both locations there was a significant difference (p <0.05) in the relation of cephalothorax and total length for males and females, and for sexes grouped in the both locations. Both sexes exhibited negative allometric growth (b <1), with greater growth in total length than the cephalothorax. The relationship between weight and total length showed positive allometry (b> 3) in the Lucena region, resulting in greater weight gain than in length. In Sirinhaém, however, the opposite was observed for this relationship, indicated by the negative allometry value (b <3). The estimated values of the growth parameters for separate and grouped sexes were lower for the shrimp population in the Lucena region, however, the parameters of Z and E were higher in Sirinhaém. This fact may be related to the beach trawl fishing in the Lucena region, while in Sirinhaém fishing takes place with motorized trawl off the the coast. However, females were larger (cephalothorax and total length) in both locations and heavier than males. Reproductive activity is likely caused this result, due to the greater body area occupied by the ovaries and ovarian weight during their maturation. The results of this study can contribute to the stock assessment and sustainability of fishing for this species in the Northeast region.Item Avaliação morfológica da cana-de-açúcar (cana-soca) sob condições de estresse salino(2019) Silva, Lívia Maria Cavalcante; Silva, Ênio Farias de França e; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1144266495720148; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6329117330891636Item Divergência genética de castanha-do-brasil (Bertholletia excelsa Humb. & Bonpl.) considerando variáveis biométricas de sementes(2021-02-23) Nascimento, Débora Assunção do; Gallo, Ricardo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5160912065817980; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0763187932321938Studies have shown that with the increase in deforestation, exploitation, and excessive collection in areas of native forests where the populations of the chestnut trees of Bertholletia excelsa would meet, they may cause the disappearance of this species in its natural habitat. Therefore, it is of utmost importance to develop research aimed at factors that can influence the quality and germinative potential of seeds, fruit production and the variability of individual production in different matrix trees, in order to define the areas of seed collections with the intention Brazil nuts may be introduced in commercial plantations in the future. The present study aimed to verify the genetic divergence between genotypes of Bertholletia excelsa in three different origins in the Northern Region of Mato Grosso, Amazonian Forest, Brazil, based on the biometric characteristics of the seeds. The fruits and seeds of Bertholletia excelsa were collected in the municipality of Paranaíta, MT. A total of 1,515 seeds were evaluated for length, width, and thickness with the aid of a digital caliper and the width, thickness and total area of seeds were also evaluated with the ImageJ® Software. After obtaining the data, analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed, and then the averages of the analyzed characteristics were grouped and compared by the Scott-Knott test at 5% probability. Pearson's linear correlation coefficient (r) was calculated using correlation data (Pachymeter x ImageJ). The mean Euclidean distance, cluster analysis using the method (UPGMA), and canonical variables (VC) were generated to obtain the dissimilarity measures. This study obtained results in which it was possible to verify a wide phenotypic variation, mainly for thickness characteristic in the digital caliper. It is also evident that digital image processing is a great tool to verify the existence of genetic divergence in seeds for selection of matrix trees. Thus, the species under study has excellent qualities to be used as a seed collection area, as well as in genetic breeding programs for non-wood forest products.Item Diversidade genética de Schizolobium parahyba var. Amazonicum via biometria de sementes(2019-12-05) Oliveira, Divani de Carvalho; Gallo, Ricardo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5160912065817980; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4412602011492691Morphometric analyzes in forest seeds can generate relevant information that help in breeding programs, indicating genetic variability among individuals of the same species. Knowing the genetic characteristics of parica seeds (Schizolobium parahyba var. Amazonicum (Huber ex Ducke) Barneby) helps in choosing materials with desirable characteristics to be used in breeding programs, seeking to obtain greater productive potential and may contribute to the advancement of breeding genetic of the species. The objective of this study was to characterize genetic diversity by biometric seed evaluation of S. parahyba var. amazonicum. The seeds were collected in the municipality of Paranaita, Mato Grosso, in forest fragments. Subsequently, 424 seeds from the 6 mother trees were analyzed. The characteristics evaluated were length, width, thickness and weight. The analysis of variance was performed on the collected data and the averages were compared with each other by the Scott-Knott clustering test at the 5% probability level. Genetic dissimilarity was verified by the generalized Mahalanobis distance using the Unweighted Pair Group Mean Average (UPGMA) method, Tocher optimization, canonical variables (VC) and character importance. The results showed great genotypic diversity for the evaluated seeds (especially seed thickness and width), and it was possible to group the mother trees. The result of cluster analysis based on the generalized distance of Mahalanobis (D2) by the Tocher optimization method, showed the formation of two distinct groups, such result reveals a great genetic diversity among the studied genotypes. According to the selective accuracy, it was possible to verify that the methodology used was adequate and of very high selective accuracy. Thus, it was verified that the parica matrices have great potential for use in breeding programs and to highlight seed collection areas.Item Avaliação da situação dos estoques de camarões capturados comercialmente no nordeste do Brasil com métodos para dados limitados(2019-06-28) Silva, Matheus Lourenço Soares da; Andrade, Humber Agrelli de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5938373350418153The aim of this study was to evaluate the stocks situation of the most penaeidae species catched and propose management measures for Northeast region stocks. For this, available data about catch and growth were analyzed for these species. First of all, the overall catch was analyzed over the years and state of the fisheries assessed using data poor models. The results showed that Northeast shrimp fishing growing over the years and about caught species, pink shrimp (Penaeus Subtilis) have a first catch length around Lc = 9 cm, giving yield per recruit of Y/R = 1,08 g, fishing mortality Fmsy = 4,9, with catches below first maturation length (L50), giving a Maximum Sustainable Yield around 532 t. For sea-bob shrimp (Xiphopenaeus Kroery) which is more abundant than others, was observed with Lc = 8 cm, a Y/R= 0,16 g, Fmsy=12, being catched above first maturation length (L50), showing Maximum Sustainable Yield around 7525 t. For white shrimp (Penaeus Schimitt) Lc = 10 cm, Y/R = 1,30 g, Fmsy = 6,2, with catches below the L50 and an estimated Maximum Sustainable Yield around 3300 t. In general, these fisheries are carried out without catch quotas, below first maturation length (L50) and high fishing mortality coefficients, but according to F and Lc combinations there have been no signs of declining yields or overfishing. Knowledge about maximum sustainable yield and yield per recruit can be useful for management decisions about these resources.Item Avaliação do perfil morfométrico de cavalos da raça Quarto de Milha de Vaquejada(2018-08-24) Santos, Vinícius Henrique da Silva; Manso Filho, Hélio Cordeiro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5631206025493479The Vaquejadais a genuine northeastern equestrian sport, of centenary origin, due to the cattle breeding in the Sertão.In this sport, Quarter Horse stands out for being an animal of temperament docile and extremely fast in races of short distances, comprising about ninety percent of the animals used in a competition.With the increase of the popularity of the Vaquejada, there was a greater search for animals that stood out in the tests, that is, of superior genetics and for that, crossings were thrown, turned only for the genealogy.Biometrics is intended to aid in the breeding programs, definition of racial pattern, identification of defects, as well as the selection of specific abilities that the animal will perform, since equine morphology correlates with function.The objective of this work was to evaluate the biometry of Quarter Horse animals used in the sport of Vaquejada. A total of 45 animals were evaluated. 12 equines of Pull in Training (PTr), 22 equines of Pull in competition (PCom) and 11 equines ofhelper (E). Data were collected from 10 linear measures, in addition to body mass. The data were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the means were compared by the Tukey test, with significance level of 5%. SigmaPlot 13.0 was used for windows in all statistical analyzes. Significant measurement (P <0.05) for height of the withers, croup height, body length, croup length, thoracic perimeter, breast width, in addition to the body mass, being the values found superior in the pull animals compared to the helper.The results showed that the Vaquejadahorses have different biometrics because they perform different functions.This information can contribute to guide which function the animal will play in the sport, as well as its training.Item Índice de escore corporal em cavalos de trabalho e atletas(2018-08-24) Oliveira, Virgínia Theodora Brito Marques de; Manso, Helena Emília Cavalcanti da Costa Cordeiro; Manso Filho, Hélio Cordeiro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5631206025493479; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7040279344981888; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1481178969488295The objective of this study was to evaluate the body condition score index in work horses and athletes, in order to know if there is difference in body scores between physical activity categories. Data were collected in the months of May and June of 2018. Fifty animals of both sexes were evaluated in the age group from 3 to 16 years and that they were performing physical activities regularly. Being: 27 working horses (traction); 23 service horses (PMPE cavalry); 41 horsepower; 31 horses of vaquejada; and, 28 racing horses. The evaluation of the corporal score was performed according to the methodology established by Henneke et al. (1983) established 6 areas of palpation and visualization in the body to determine fat deposition and nutritional status on the scale from 1 to 9. The cowherd animals had a higher body score than those of running and work, and a similar result to gait and service. Although the animals begin to deposit fat when they reach adulthood, there was no difference between the age groups <5, between 5 and 10, and> 10 years. The mean body score of the female animals (~ 4.91) was higher than the mean male (~ 4.67). The males were similar in relation to the physical activity, the values were similar for those of vaquejada (with higher value ~ 5,10), gait, running and service, and the lowest score was observed in working males (~ 3.87). When the females with the same parameter were evaluated, the ones with the lowest value were those of running (~ 4.25) with approximate results to the work (~ 4.50), and there was no difference among the cowherd females, which presented higher scores (~ 5.27) and those of service, walking and work. When males and females were evaluated for physical activity, males had a higher score (~ 4.85) than females (~ 4.25), and females (~ 4.50) larger than males (~ 3.87). For all other categories, no differences were observed. ECC evaluation remains a valid method for indicating the nutritional level of the animal. The results show that there is interaction between body condition score and physical activity category performed by horses.