TCC - Licenciatura em Química (Sede)
URI permanente para esta coleçãohttps://arandu.ufrpe.br/handle/123456789/472
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Resultados da Pesquisa
Item Análise de artigos sobre a temática passabilidade: identificando contribuições para o ensino de Química segundo abordagem de QSC na perspectiva da educação em Direitos Humanos(2022-05-31) Lima, Izabelly Tavares de; Firme, Ruth do Nascimento; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7234636790850019; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9465097213606651Human Rights are universal rights for each human being. In this monograph, the approach of socio-scientific issues (SSI) is assumed as a didactic strategy for conducting the teaching of Chemistry from the perspective of Education in Human Rights. From this perspective, one of the themes that can be addressed in the teaching of Chemistry is Passability. However, works involving this theme were not found in the main national journals for teaching Chemistry. Therefore, this research aims to analyze aspects about Passability, brought in works published in journals that are not in the area of Chemistry teaching, which can contribute to the teaching of chemistry according to the SSI approach from the perspective of Education in Human Rights. This is bibliographic research of the state of knowledge type, in which the works published in journals were mapped using the keyword passability on the Google Scholar platform, considering publications from 2017 to 2022. The mapped works were analyzed from the following characteristics: objectives of the work; target Audience; aspects addressed about passability; theoretical references on passability adopted; and some considerations presented in the work. Based on the analysis, it is concluded that Passability can be characterized as a SSI, given that it is a controversial issue, has a scientific basis, involves choice-making, has a local, national and global dimension, in addition to being current. Additionally, it was noticed that the sensitization processes, the promotion of respect for the rights of others, and the promotion of an inclusive education that does not encourage prejudice, discrimination, racism and violence, are structuring axes for Education in Human Rights, can be met from the theme Passability in Chemistry Teaching.Item Aproximações da educação química CTS/CTSA e educação ambiental: um estudo sobre os impactos da chuva ácida no ambiente(2022-10-13) Paz, Danielle Santos da; Amaral, Edenia Maria Ribeiro do; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5241130686153506; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6502843465348417The phenomenon of acid rain is considered, among several researchers, as a serious environmental problem that affects many countries of the world bringing consequences for health and public assets and can be considered a reflection of the dynamics of society, so it is necessary to take measures to identify and reduce its causes and consequences through environmental education. The present work seeks to relate the subject of acid rain with the study of chemistry contents such as inorganic functions: Acids and oxides. It is known the difficulties that teachers have in promoting reflection on environmental issues in the classroom, as well as making a relationship between environmental themes and chemistry contents. Thus, we search the contextualization of the contents of chemistry and environment, bringing the rescue of memories, facts, and situations. Therefore, through the STS/STSE approach we invite students to stand themselves as citizens capable of building their own opinion for an understanding of the social dimension of science, technology, and the environment. Thus, the objective of this work is to develop scientific knowledge through a sequence of teaching and learning on the topic acid rain, using the STS/STSE approach that articulates environmental education to chemistry teaching, and to promote students of basic education, environmental and social awareness. Methodologically, we have developed a teaching and learning sequence for Leonard Waks' responsibility cycle-based STS approach, which elects five criteria to teach ethical issues and values that arise in the education that the STS is present. The didactic sequence was developed for application with a class of 13 students aged between 16 and 17, on their last year of high school, consisted of four didactic moments following the criteria of the Waks responsibility cycle, and the time stipulated for each moment is one lecture corresponding to 50 minutes. For analysis data were considered the students' answers through the proposed activities. From the results of the analysis, we can say that, during the moments proposed in the didactic sequence, the students developed a socio-environmental responsibility that was evident when, during the activities, they were able to relate the theme with the chemistry contents. With this, they were capable to denote a greater knowledge of the phenomenon studied that contributed to the understanding of their roles as citizens who recognize their own rights and duties, responsible for their decisions and for their impacts on society.Item Uma proposta de sequência didática com o tema cerveja para uma visão afrocentralizada no ensino de Química(2022-10-11) Soledade, Mikaella Pereira da; Simões Neto, José Euzébio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3560726840212196; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6888938635825571The present work consists of the proposition of a didactic sequence to discuss the content of Carbohydrates, related to Organic School Chemistry, from the Beer theme, considering aspects of an Afrocentralized education, evidencing the origin of the drink in Egypt, where it became popular and became essential to civilization. The proposal was built in four moments, namely: questionnaire of previous conceptions, discussion about beer production and its influence on society, from a simulated jury style debate, discussion about the Afrocentrality of the origin and popularization of beer and a questionnaire final, for evaluation and possible validation of the didactic sequence. We believe that the proposal has the potential to discuss the intended themes and, as a perspective for the future, we think of a possible application of the material in the classroom of the 3rd year of high school, in addition to the reformulation of some moments, especially the last one, a questionnaire, aiming to expand the spaces for debate. We hope, with this work, to contribute to a more contextualized teaching of Chemistry that brings together issues relevant to our society, related to racism and the erasure of knowledge of African origin, as directed by law 10.639/2003.Item Design thinking como estratégia de ensino e aprendizagem na Química: explorando a química ambiental e sustentável no ensino médio(2022-10-18) Nascimento, Rhaysa Myrelle Farias do; Leite, Bruno Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4932752031807872; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1130697619312470Active methodologies are teaching and learning processes that encourage students to overcome challenges and commit to their learning. These methodologies make the student have an active posture, which allows to solve; know and investigate challeng- ing problems that make sense to him. Although active methodologies are favorable for the teaching and learning process in chemistry teaching, they are not yet fully known and applied in the educational context. One of the little known and very current active methodologies is Design Thinking (DT). DT or design thinking, is presented in this work as a teaching and learning strategy that has as main characteristics the possibility of developing in its stages skills such as: critical thinking, empathy, collaboration and en- gagement. This research brings the application of Design Thinking as a teaching and learning strategy with the objective of applying and evaluating the development of the use of Design Thinking involving the content of Environmental Chemistry with third- year high school students in a state reference school in the state of Pernambuco. To meet the objective of this research, the work was carried out in four steps: 1) Environ- ment of the school and survey on the possibilities of implementing Design Thinking in the school reality; 2) Elaboration and evaluation of the didactic strategy of Design Thinking tied to the content of environmental chemistry and sustainable; 3) Analysis of the data obtained on the students' perceptions in relation to the strategy. The results indicate that the application of Design Thinking proved to be of great importance in the classroom, bringing a lot of interaction between students and teachers, with students as main agents of their learning process, developing soft skills, such as empathy and creativity. In summary, the use of the Design Thinking methodology can contribute to the teaching of Chemistry in a ceative, innovative and empathetic way, allowing stu- dents to develop different skills, contributing to make them citizens capable of solving problems, challenges and transforming the society in which they live, in addition to becoming protagonists of their learning process.Item Experimentação investigativa em eletroquímica: análise das contribuições para a formação de licenciandos em Química(2022-09-28) Santos, Jeibson Joaquim dos; Freitas, Kátia Cristina Silva de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5859266863241551; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3779449247384247Item Mandacaru radioativa: uma proposta de gamificação no Google Forms para o ensino de Química(2022-10-10) Silva, Alane Conceição Leite e; Leite, Bruno Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4932752031807872; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2965802485781762The teaching of Chemistry is sometimes seen as very complex by students. Regarding the teaching of Radioactivity, there is an even greater deficit, since it is a content that is usually present at the end of the books, causing the unavailability to use the theme in the classroom. In this sense, using different methodologies so that the teaching and learning process is more effective can be an alternative. One of the alternatives can be gamification. Gamification fits as an active methodology and is used in the educational environment to promote greater motivation, participation and engagement in students. From this, the objective of this work was to build a gamified activity for the content of Radioactivity contextualized for High School. For this, qualitative research was carried out in four stages. In the first stage, a bibliographic review was carried out covering the main aspects about the work on gamification in the teaching of Chemistry. The second stage consisted in the construction of the Gamified Activity (GA) based on the literature review. In the third stage, the application of AG was carried out in high school classes. And, in the fourth stage, the analysis of students' perceptions about AG was carried out. Data collection was carried out through questionnaires, interviews and simple observations, and data analysis was performed based on Active Technological Learning (ATA), Revised Bloom's Taxonomy, and gamification assumptions. The results show that only eight articles discussed gamification in Chemistry teaching and that only one article involved the content of radioactivity and gamification. In addition, in the analysis of the articles, the main elements of the games used that contributed to the construction of the gamified proposal entitled “Mandacaru Radioativa” were observed. Regarding the results obtained through the application of the activity, it was identified that gamification can directly influence the effective learning of students, since it promoted greater participation, engagement and autonomy of the participants, being one of the main characteristics to be obtained through the ATA linked to gamification. With this, it is believed that this type of activity can be used not only in physical classrooms, but anywhere and at any time, requiring only internet access, which suggests its potential to contribute to an active teaching of students, expanding their perceptions about the teaching of Chemistry.Item Uma proposta de sequência didática para o ensino de Química utilizando uma temática ambiental a partir do processo de tratamento de efluentes industriais(2022-10-07) Ribeiro, Patricia Maria de Melo; Freitas, Kátia Cristina Silva de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5859266863241551; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6452213261262563This work presents a proposal for a Didactic Sequence to expose the theme of improper disposal of industrial effluents in rivers, as well as the presentation of the mixture separation processes involved in the steps of correct treatment of the effluent before discharge into the environment. The objective of this research was the elaboration of an SD from the environmental perspective to sensitize students about environmental problems, recognize a little of the industrial application of contents present in regular chemistry teaching, and allow experimental practices of separation of mixture during the course of the classes. Seeking not only the construction of knowledge, but also structuring the student's critical thinking to form a citizen aware of their active role to collaborate with a sustainable society.Item Sequência didática sobre o tema sociocientífico irradiação de alimentos para o estudo do conteúdo de radioatividade(2022-09-27) Prazeres, Ronald Silva dos; Batinga, Verônica Tavares Santos; Sousa, Yrailma Katharine de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8274315960873366; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7759044153725982; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3733807882974946The objective of the present work was to verify possible contributions of a didactic sequence involving the theme socioscientific Food Irradiation, considering elements of the Science-Technology-Society (CTS) approach, to evidence of students learning in the 1st year of high school. The sequence was applied in a private school in Recife, Pernambuco, with the purpose of promoting the students understanding of the Radioactivity content. The nature of the study is approximated to a qualitative-aplication research. As instruments of data collection, two questionnaires with closed questions about radioactivity and food irradiation. The results of the analysis of the diagnostic questionnaire indicate that, in general, the students do not have a satisfactory understanding of radioactivity and food irradiation, which are far from the formal conceptualizations related to school chemical knowledge. We believe that the activities of the sequence, such as the dialogic lectures, the exhibition and discussion of documentary videos, and the resolution of questions from the guiding questionnaire by the students contributed to a better understanding of the content studied, which was evidenced by the results of the analysis of the final questionnaire, in which there was a significant increase of mostly satisfactory answers. The didactic sequence developed from a socio-scientific theme Food Irradiation, and the introduction of guiding questions can represent a specific dimension of the CTS approach, contributing to bring conceptual and contextual elements to the study of radioactivity, and configure itself as an effective strategy for chemistry classes in Secondary Education.Item Sequência didática sobre reações inorgânicas de obtenção de oxigênio para o ensino de Química a partir da perspectiva Ciência, Tecnologia e Sociedade(2022-10-07) Nascimento, Jonas João do; Batinga, Verônica Tavares Santos; Vale, Wilka Karla Martins do; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9056444137196823; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7759044153725982; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7813371865892143The present work aimed to develop a didactic sequence based on the Science, Technology and Society perspective, in order to verify its contributions and limitations in the learning process of students of the 1st grade of high school in a private school located in in the city of Recife, Pernambuco. The didactic sequence had as its core the scientific question entitled “The deaths caused by the lack of oxygen in Brazil as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic”. The chemical concept that we sought to address during the discussions was Inorganic Reactions, but specifically the reaction of obtaining oxygen. Regarding the approach to the data, the study approaches qualitative research. As data collection instruments, two questionnaires were used with open questions on the theme of the element oxygen, atmospheric air and the production of oxygen gas. For this, activities of the didactic sequence were used, such as lectures, videos, social media publications, newspaper articles with group discussion followed by the resolution of a guiding questionnaire, which contributes to a better understanding on the part of the students. As a form of final evaluation, a podcast was recorded with the participation of students. Initially, the results of the analysis of the diagnostic questionnaire indicate that the students did not have a chemical understanding of the subject, leaving the answers far from the knowledge expected for high school students, when compared with learning objectives that arise from the high school curriculum. In the responses to the podcast and the questionnaire after the discussion of the Socio-Scientific Question, we noticed a considerably satisfactory evolution, as the students were already critical when asked about political actions that could be taken to avoid the crisis situation. It can also be highlighted that at a given moment, when relating the Socio-Scientific Question, the students sought to make relationships with the content. Therefore, we consider that the didactic sequence elaborated from a socio-scientific theme with the introduction of guiding questions has the potential to contribute to the conceptual and contextualized approach to the study of inorganic reactions and so on. In other words, as expected, it is a possible strategic tool for chemistry classes in 1st grade high school classes.Item Aulas experimentais no ensino da Química: aprendizagem e inclusão(2022-10-06) Silva, Givanildo Rocha da; Bastos, Cristiano Costa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6385190604693576During the training period, future teachers are faced with the concern of what their professional practice will be like and how to motivate their students, especially knowing that most of them consider the contents of Chemistry to be difficult. The challenge, therefore, for the high school teacher, is how to make the teaching of this subject pleasurable, thought-provoking and motivate students to discover this area of knowledge. One of the alternatives discussed by teachers and researchers is to contextualize the contents taught with the reality of the student, for example, using experimental classes. Given this context, this work aims, in general, to analyze the contributions of experimental classes in the teaching and learning of chemistry content in high school, starting from bibliographic research in databases, articles, and published books and, through the results obtained in the experience of the supervised internship, in order to identify whether there are contributions of this methodology from the perspective of teachers and students. In addition, we seek to analyze contributions brought to students with disabilities when using experimental classes and assistive technology (AT) resources. The expectation is that, in these laboratory classes, students will go from mere spectators/observers and come to experience and reflect on chemistry concepts in situations that are happening in their daily lives. The methodology used had as its starting point bibliographical research, with a central theme in the teaching of chemistry through practical classes (experimental classes) and thinking about the inclusion of students with disabilities. For this purpose, the work on screen presents a little of the history of chemistry teaching in Brazil; history and addresses difficulties in the training and practice of chemistry teachers, in the context of Brazilian schools; addresses the essential role that experimentation provides to the teaching of Chemistry and, finally, addresses the inclusion of students with disabilities. The focus on inclusion is due to participation in a course on INCLUSIVE SCHOOL on the EDUCARE portal (EDUCARE, 2022). As this work was developed, it was possible to perceive issues more intrinsic to the central theme and to the experience in experimental classes, both due to chemistry and its contents, and due to the structural reality of high schools and the training of chemistry patients. in Brazil. Finally, the intervention carried out in the supervised internship and the reading of the selected material lead to the following considerations: 1- it was possible to perceive that experimentation is presented as an important way of teaching chemistry, although not all the authors surveyed agree with this; 2- that licensure courses need to be adapted to meet the demands of an inclusive school; 3- the results of the intervention, during the internship period, allowed us to observe that there was a differentiated contribution, in terms of learning, of the contents taught through the classes with laboratory experiments and that this methodology provided greater interaction, arousing the interest of students , enabling improvement in knowledge and content learning.