TCC - Bacharelado em Ciências Biológicas (Sede)
URI permanente para esta coleçãohttps://arandu.ufrpe.br/handle/123456789/412
Navegar
4 resultados
Resultados da Pesquisa
Item Epidemiologia da tuberculose em Pernambuco no período de 2008 a 2018(2019-12-10) Lima, Larycia Ramos de; Cavalcanti, Yone Vila Nova; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3476206328790443Tuberculosis is one of the oldest diseases in the world. Evidence of the disease has already been found in prehistoric human bones in Germany and there are records dating back 8,000 bc. In Pernambuco, in 2018, 5,026 cases of the disease were confirmed, an increase of 9% when compared to the 2015 data (4,599). According to the State Tuberculosis Control Program of the State Department of Health (SES), the State has been reinforcing the importance of prevention and detection of the disease with municipalities, in addition to periodically conducting clinical management courses of patients for health professionals. The objective of this work was to understand what tuberculosis is, to raise information about the causes of evolution in the last 10 years, transmission, clinical manifestations and control campaigns in the State of Pernambuco. The methodology used was based on an exploratory and descriptive bibliographic review.Item Perfil epidemiológico e atualidades no tratamento e prevenção contra DENV2 no Brasil(2019-12-10) Oliveira, Ítalo Henrique de; Cavalcanti, Yone Vila Nova; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3476206328790443Dengue, a systemic infection caused by a virus transmitted by the Aedes aegypti mosquito is widely described in the literature as a major worldwide public health problem. Over the years, given the worldwide distribution and consequent occurrence of worldwide epidemics, dengue has become the target of relevant studies. Currently, it is known that dengue virus comprises five different serotypes, named: DENV-1, DENV2, DENV-3, DENV-4 and DENV-5. Among these, DENV-2 has been reported in many countries, including Brazil, as the serotype responsible for the highest severity of dengue. Here, the objective was to produce a bibliographic survey about the epidemiological aspects and etiological agents associated with DEN2, highlighting the current pharmacotherapy and the perceptive treatment and prevention. Thus, since the first records of DENV-2 infection in Brazil, this serotype has a wide national distribution, although the number of studies that characterize the epidemiological profile of dengue by serotypes is limited. As far as treatment is concerned, there is currently no pharmacotherapeutic scheme that can combat all dengue serotypes and this has serious socioeconomic implications as it results in high medical costs. Finally, although there are different studies focusing on the development of vaccine strategies, including virus-like particle approaches (VLPs), there is also a need to explore these approaches given the occurrence of adverse events and reduced efficacy.Item Sarampo: uma revisão(2019-12-13) Silva, Giovanna Moraes da; Cavalcanti, Yone Vila Nova; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3476206328790443; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1569236744757213Measles is a serious, infectious disease, highly transmissible, with universally distribution, caused by the virus, of the genus Morbillivirus of the Paramyxovidae family. Its pathology characterized by high fever and generalized maculopapular rash, as well as cough, runny nose and conjunctivitis, which can cause death. Transmission occurs through the patient’s nasopharyngeal secretions eliminated int the act of sneezing, coughing and breathing. The present study aimed to highlight the epidemiological data related to measles, as well as its clinical aspects, complications, diagnoses, and strategies for its control. The bibliographic survey was carried out mainly from scientific articles, epidemiological bulletins from the Ministry of Health and weekly bulletins from the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO). In Brazil, measles has been a compulsory notifiable disease since 1968, in 2016, Brazil received from PAHO the certificate of elimination of the circulation of measles virus, however, this certificate was lost in 2019, due to the reintroduction of the virus in 2018. Before the vaccine was introduced, measles caused the deaths of approximately 2.6 million people a year, even with an effective vaccine, measles is still a matter of global concern, with several outbreaks worldwide in 2019, even in countries where measles was considered eradicated, the low and non-homogeneous vaccination coverage within countries generates susceptible individuals to the virus, causing the disease to spread quickly, causing outbreaks. Given the current global scenario of the disease, the need for continuous strengthening of epidemiological surveillance to control the disease was evidenced. In addition, it is necessary to intensify prevention, through immunization strategies, aimed at reaching the target of 95% coverage established by the National Immunization Program, the support of laboratory networks and the media are also essential in the control and eradication of this pathology.Item Infecção por leptospira spp. em capivaras (Hydrochoerus Hydrochaeris Linnaeus, 1766) de vida livre em Pernambuco(2019) Santiago, Ana Claudia da Silva; Oliveira, Jaqueline Bianque de; Nunes, Silvia Gabriela; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3919719588734817; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2856383385211373; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5706019965745385Capybaras are herbivorous rodents of semiaquial habit, distributed throughout Brazilian territory, preferably inhabiting areas that have bodies of water surrounded by shrub or aquatic vegetation for food and shelter. Capybaras are hosts of a wide variety of pathogens of public health importance, including bacteria of the genus Leptospira. However, in the northeast region there is no research on the pathogens of these animals. The objective of this study was to determine the serological variants of Leptospira spp. circulating in three free - living capybara populations in the municipalities of Recife, São Lourenço da Mata and Chã Grande. For this purpose, the Microscopic Soroagglutination (SAM) technique was used, using 22 pathogenic serovars and two saprophytes. The cut-off point used was 1: 100. Of the 21 capybara studied, antiLeptospira antibodies were detected in 13 (61.9%). The prevalence of antibodies antiLeptospira interrogans serovar Icterohaemorrhagiae and anti-L borgpetersenii serovar Tarassovi was 57.1% (12/21) and 4.8% (1/21), respectively. This study was pioneer in the detection of anti-Leptospira antibodies in capybaras in the northeastern region of Brazil. The information obtained will contribute to the understanding of the role of this species in the epidemiology of animal and human leptospirosis in the state of Pernambuco.