TCC - Bacharelado em Agronomia (UAST)
URI permanente para esta coleçãohttps://arandu.ufrpe.br/handle/123456789/2928
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Resultados da Pesquisa
Item ESO - estágio supervisionado obrigatório(2019-12-12) Souza, José Victor da Silva; Leite, Maurício Luiz de Mello Vieira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4204641633941814; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6836501799019536Item Proposta de dessalinizador solar híbrido(2019-12-16) Aquino, Eduardo Fonsêca de; Teixeira, Carlos Alberto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8235740394746329; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7478355003653071The Northeast region of Brazil has very distinct edaphoclimatic characteristics when compared to other regions of the country, because it has dry climate and the soil is characterized by being shallow and sometimes with large amount of salts. Because of these characteristics, water from precipitation when infiltrates the soil carries the salts present in the superficial layers, increasing the concentration of salts in water that percolates to levels harmful to human and animal health. The wells in the region have saline water because of those characteristics, it is therefore necessary to adopt practices that can improve water quality, removing impurities, microorganisms, and salts present in the water. The solar desalination is a simple and easily replicated technology and studies have shown that it improves the quality of saline waters with impurities and / or microorganisms. This technology when used in conjunction with the solar concentrator, makes a gain in desalination system yield, because of the concentrator reflect solar radiation and concentrates the sun's rays on the desalination base, thus increasing the production of desalinated water. The Hybrid solar concentrator is also an easily replicable technology and can be built even with recyclable materials like mirrors and satellite dish, thus being an accessible and simple technology. In this work was developed and construction a 1.7 m² solar desalination area and a 1.7 m diameter solar concentrator and were installed in the rural area in the Poldrinhos settlement in the municipality of Serra Talhada / Pernambuco. Used mirrosand satellite dish and among other materials, resulting in an expense of R$ 1149.24. The use of hybrid solar desalination will increase the production of desalinated water compared to the flat solar desalination.Item Respostas agronômicas do feijão caupi (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) sobre diferentes proporções: solo e esterco suíno em dois sistemas de cultivo(2019-07-17) Jesus, Maria da Saúde Santos de; Simplício, Josimar Bento; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1876691945804390Cowpea is a food crop grown in several Brazilian regions, rich in protein is one of the most important legumes and even in soils of low fertility, regions of high temperatures and conditions of water stress produces well. The area cultivated with cowpea in Brazil for the 2017/2018 harvest was approximately 1,440,000 ha, with the Northeast region having the largest planting area, 404,20 thousand ha. Given its great importance for the Northeast region and considering a crop that presents rapid expansion throughout Brazil, it is also considered as one more option for export culture. The creation of confined animals grows every year and this growth favors a considerable volume of waste that if thrown into the environment, can cause damage to this environment. In this sense, the present research proposed to evaluate in a 2x3x2 factorial scheme the behavior of two Creole varieties of cowpea, LA2017 and CB2017, originating from communities of rural producers in the municipality of Santa Cruz da Baixa Verde - PE, The authors present three proportions of pork soil and manure, in two culture conditions, with and without dead cover, in experimental design of casualized blocks, in the experimental area of the Academic Unit of Serra Talhada (UAST), in the Sertão do Pajeú micro-region. By means of the results observed, it was concluded that LA2017 presented superior behavior in the cultivation system with dead cover of 35% for the weight of pods per plant. While the CB2017 presented more significant performance in the cultivation system without dead cover. The proportion with 100% pig manure increased by up to 27% the weight of seeds when compared to the control, proportion 100% soil. Overall, the presence of manure increased the development of cowpea plants.Item Desempenho agronômico de clones de palma forrageira Submetidos a diferentes níveis de potássio(2019-02-14) Silva, Fábio Heráclito da; Leite, Maurício Luiz de Mello Vieira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4204641633941814; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1652940323753761Cactus forage can be used as a food alternative for ruminants in the Semi - arid region of Brazil, however, there are few researches related to potassic fertilization in the semi - arid environment and the morphological and productive responses of the cactus forage submitted to potassium fertilization. The objective was to evaluate the agronomic performance of forage palm clones submitted to different levels of potassium fertilization in a semi-arid environment. The experiment was conducted at the Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco / UniversidadeEstadual de Serra Talhada- UAST, in Serra Talhada-PE, during the period from December 2017 to December 2018. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design in a 5x2 factorial system ( five potassium levels and two palm clones) with three replicates. Two genotypes of forage palm, the Orelha de Elefante Mexicana (Opuntia stricta (Haw.) Haw.) And Docemiúda (Nopalea cochenillifera Salm. Dyck), were submitted to different doses of potassium (0, 250, 500, 750, 1000 kg of K2O ha-1). Morphometric evaluations (plant height, cladode number, length, width and thickness of cladodium) and of green and dry matter production were performed at six months and at 12 months of cultivation. The variables, plant height at six and 12 months of age, did not showItem Avaliação de óleos vegetais como adjuvantes para o aumento da eficiência do extrato de juazeiro sobre o ácaro tetranychus bastosi em pinhão-manso(2019-02-05) Freire, Andressa dos Santos; Oliveira, Cláudia Helena Cysneiros Matos de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1587027736201526; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7340040815327200The mite Tetranychus bastosi Tuttle, Baker & Sales, 1977 (Tetranychidae) considered main pest of the physic nut culture Jatropha curcas L. (Euphorbiaceae) in some Brazilian Northeast states and its control is based on the use of synthetic acaricides, which are not registered for the crop and that may still cause the development of populations of the pest resistant to them, due to the indiscriminate use of these products. In this sense, the application of vegetal extracts is an alternative management measure, taking into account the composition of these products that contain substances with acaricidal potential. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of different adjuvants on the control efficiency of the aqueous extract of juazeiro leaves Ziziphus joazeiro Martius. (Rhamnaceae) on T. bastosi. In the laboratory, the toxicity of LC50 (11.87%) of the extract isolated (control) on the mite was evaluated, and in combination with the adjuvants: coconut oil (1.5%), canola oil (1.5%), and soy oil (1.5%). Leaf discs of physic nut were immersed for five seconds in one of the aforementioned treatments and kept in Petri dishes. Ten adult females were released on each disc. In order to evaluate the efficiency of the extract, physic nut leaves were infested with 20 adult T. bastosi females and 16 days after infestation pre-counting and spraying of the aforementioned treatments were performed. After 48 hours, 72 hours, 96 hours and 120 hours, the dead individuals were counted. In the evaluation of the residual effect the same plants were used, however the evaluation periods were 3h, 24h, 48h, 72h and 196h. Qualitative chemical analyzes were performed through tests for the detection of alkaloids, tannins and saponins. For all experiments, a completely randomized design was adopted. The results were submitted to analysis of variance and the means were compared by the Tukey test at the 5% level. The aqueous extract of Z. joazeiro leaves was toxic to the T. bastosi mite when tested alone or in combination with the adjuvant oils. The use of the adjuvant oils in combination with the extract did not significantly interfere in the mortality of T. bastosi in relation to the control. The adjuvants tested did not significantly contribute to the increase of the persistence of the extract in the leaves.The tannins and saponins were identified in the aqueous extract of juazeiro leaves, but it was not possible to observe the presence of alkaloids. Further studies with other concentrations are required to verify the efficiency of the extract with the adjuvants evaluated herein.Item Ácido giberélico na conservação pós-colheita de frutos de umbuzeiro (Spondias tuberosa Arruda Câmara) em condição refrigerada(2019-07-09) Oliveira, Francisco Jardel Moreira de; Ataíde, Elma Machado; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2422663252620574; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7543700066092948The umbuzeiro is a native species of Caatinga, it has as fruit the umbu, with great social and economic importance for the Northeastern region of Brazil. The umbu has great acceptance in the market for in natura consumption and of products such as popsicles, jellies and sweets, however, the absence of post-harvest technologies to preserve this fruit causes that much of the harvest is lost. An alternative to increasing the shelf life of umbu is the use of refrigeration associated with regulators such as gibberellic acid (GA3), which acts to reduce the rate of respiration and inhibit the synthesis of ethylene in post-harvest. In this sense, the objective of this study was to evaluate different concentrations of GA3 in the post-harvest conservation of umbu in refrigerated conditions, based on the attributes of fruit quality. The fruits were harvested manually at maturation stage " for once", immediately washed and sanitized in 2% (w/v) sodium hypochlorite solution, dried in ambient condition and selected for size, appearance and physical damage. Then, the following treatments were performed: T1: 0 mgL-1 (Witness), T2: 10 mgL-1 of GA3, T3: 20 mgL-1 of GA3 and T4: 30 mgL-1 of GA3. The fruits were immersed for 60 seconds, dried in ambient condition and conditioned in refrigerated condition. The experimental design was completely randomized, with plots subdivided in time, the plots consisted of the four concentrations of GA3 and the subplots for storage time (0, 5, 10 and 15 days), except for mass loss, with evaluation three days. Five replicates with 5 fruits were used for each subplot, totaling 100 fruits per plot. The data were submitted to analysis of variance and when significant, the Tukey test was applied at 5% for the concentrations of GA3 and the regression analysis to the subplots. The attributes of quality evaluated were: length, diameter and shape of the fruit; weight loss; weight and yield of pulp; fruit mass, bark and seed; yield of pulp and seed; soluble solids, titratable acidity; pH; ratio and technological index. The concentrations of gibberellic acid did not present significant interference with the physical attributes of umbuzeiro fruits in refrigerated conditions, except for pulp mass and pulp yield, which presented the best results for GA3 20 and 30 mgL-1 concentrations. The weight loss of the fruits did not differ from the control among the applied treatments, being the highest loss obtained in the concentration of 30 mgL-1 of GA3. The storage time was the factor of greater interference on the physical-chemical attributes, however, for the ratio, there is interference of GA3 concentrations up to the 10th day of storage. There is a need for further investigation regarding the use of GA3 in the post-harvest conservation of umbu, with test of other concentrations and immersion time in order to prove the efficiency of this regulator in the maintenance of post-harvest life of umbu in refrigerated condition.Item Desempenho agronômico de cultivares e híbridos de videira do banco de germoplasma da Embrapa semiárido(2019-07-10) Oliveira, Francisco Jardel Moreira de; Ataíde, Elma Machado; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2422663252620574; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7543700066092948Item Influência do porta-enxerto na eficiência da atividade fotoquímica em mudas enxertadas de videira submetidas ao estresse salino(2019-07-12) Nunes, Adriana da Silva; Silva Sérgio Luiz Ferreira da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0173411400092352; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7066574850437767The accumulation of toxic saline ions (Na+ and Cl-) in plants exposed to salinity is associated with photosynthetic restraint due to the closure of stomata and structural and functional disturbances in the photosystems, affecting the photochemical activity. The analysis of chlorophyll fluorescence emission dynamics provides important information about disturbances that effectively limit photochemical efficiency. In this context, the present study aims to evaluate the effects of rootstocks on changes in photochemical activity in grafted seedlings of vines submitted to saline stress. The experiment was carried out at the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco / Academic Unit of Serra Talhada. The grape seedlings, Italy variety grafted on Italy rootstocks (self-grafting) and IAC 572 rootstocks (graft / rootstock: Itália/Itália and Itália /IAC 572) were subjected to salinity by the addition of NaCl (0, 50 and 100 mM ) in the nutrient solution for 25 days in a artificial growth chamber (FITOTRON - Model SGC 120). At the end of the saline treatment, the water potential was measured and the photosynthesis study was performed through CO2 assimilation curves (A / CI) and photochemical activity in response to light. The plants were then collected and the dry mass of roots, stems and leaves measured. The design adopted was the DIC in factorial 2 x 3, two combinations of grafts/rootstocks (Itália/Itália e Itália/IAC 572) and three doses of NaCl (0, 50 and 100 mM) with three replicates. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Where the seedlings of the Itália/Itália combination showed lower intensity of foliar toxicity symptoms (chlorosis, dryness and necrosis), in relation to the grafts grafted on the rootstock IAC 572, when exposed to salinity. The two graft / rootstock combinations adapted the salinity conditions, in order to reduce the impacts caused. The seedlings of the Itália / Itália combination showed lower intensity of foliar toxicity symptoms than the Itália / IAC 572 combination when exposed to salinity. The two combinations of graft / rootstock adapted the conditions of salinity, in order to reduce the impacts caused, by saline treatment. The seedlings from the Itália autograft showed higher values of NPQ when submitted to the treatment of maximum salinity, representing a greater protection of the photosynthetic apparatus by means of the dissipation of excess energy, in relation to the seedlings of the combination Itália / IAC 572. By means of the qP, the PSII and the ETR, the highest integrity of the photochemical apparatus in Itália / Itália combination was demonstrated in conditions of maximum salinity, when compared to the combination Itália / IAC 572.The behavior of the photosynthesis curve (A) in relation to light, showed that changes of the Itália / IAC 572 combination show good results in the absence of salinity. However are relatively more sensitive to saline stress than the seedlings of the Italia/Italia combination. Thus, the study shows that the type of rootstock may be a determining factor for the production of grapevine grafts aiming at salinity resistance.Item Relatório de estágio supervisionado obrigatório com ênfase em extensão rural(2019-06-17) Nascimento, Simone Andrea dos Santos; Almeida, Rosa Honorato de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4319299572657528; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3647378652257643Item Comportamento da soja BRS 7780 IPRO (Glycine max L. MERRIL) no município de Serra Talhada - PE em diferentes densidades de semeadura(2019-07-17) Nascimento, Simone Andrea dos Santos; Almeida, Rosa Honorato de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4319299572657528; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3647378652257643Soy, being a very important oilseed for the production of oils and bran, becomes an alternative for the composition of human and animal food, since it has gained great expressiveness in Brazil over the years. Due to the scarcity of studies on soybeans in some Northeastern states and the adequate production arrangements for the crop, it is of great importance to develop research on seeding density, a determining factor in the production environment influencing the growth and development of soybeans, with the objective of evaluating the behavior of the BRS 7780 IPRO soybean variety in different plant densities (333, 416 and 476 thousand plants ha1), in semi-arid conditions, in the municipality of Serra Talhada. The study was developed in the period from March to June 2019, at the Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Unidade Acadêmica de Serra Talhada. The experimental design used was that of randomized blocks, with three treatments representing planting densities of 333 thousand, 416 thousand and 476 thousand ha-1 plants, with eight repetitions. Plant height and first pod insertion, number of pods and grains per plant, number of branches, wet and dry weight of pods, mass of 1000 grains and estimated grain productivity were evaluated. It was concluded that the height of the plants and the insertion of the first pod are higher with the increase of the seeding density, however, it promoted a greater reduction in the number of branches per plant, number of pods and grains per plant. For the cultivar studied, sowing density extremes did not promote considerable variations in productivity and the weight of 1000 grains. The BRS 7780 IPRO soybean cultivar presented a first pod insertion height close to that adequate for mechanized harvesting