TCC - Licenciatura em Ciências Biológicas (Sede)
URI permanente para esta coleçãohttps://arandu.ufrpe.br/handle/123456789/445
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Item Análise das variáveis associadas aos fatores de risco e medidas de prevenção ao câncer em adolescentes de quatros escolas de referência em ensino médio do Recife(2023-04-25) Santos, Yuri Virgilio dos; Andrade, Jeyce Kelle Ferreira de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8970644656035762; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6166330755919157Cancer in children and adolescents is the second cause of death among children and adolescents in Brazil. Several risk factors, such as genetic and immunological predisposition and environmental exposure to genotoxic agents, may contribute to the onset of cancer in this population. The main causes of death from cancer in children and adolescents are leukemia, central nervous system tumors and bone cancer, in both sexes. School is an important space in the formation of adolescents and in their transition to adulthood. According to psychoanalyst Erik Erikson, in his theory of psychosocial development, the most important task of adolescence is the construction of identity. During adolescence, physical, behavioral and biological changes occur, in addition to the consumption of psychoactive substances (nicotine, alcohol and cocaine) and risky habits that can compromise the quality of life and lead to the development of diseases. The objective of this work is to carry out activities on risk factors and measures to protect against cancer in four schools in the city of Recife. Activities included lectures, games, quizzes and debates. The topic addressed was cancer in children and adolescents, with emphasis on risk factors, prevention and epidemiological data from Pernambuco. The study was quantitative, with data collection through objective questions in the questionnaires. Two questionnaires were carried out, one before and the other after activities. The previous questionnaire was answered by 742 students, revealing that students have some knowledge about what cancer is, but are unaware that it is the main cause of death in young people. There have been differing opinions about whether environmental factors can cause the disease. The main risk factors identified were smoking, solar radiation, alcohol, ultra-processed foods and chronic diseases. Students find out about the disease through social networks, internet and TV. Regarding vaccination, many have taken doses against HPV and some against HBV, but they are not aware of the importance of these vaccines. They understand the importance of healthy eating, physical activity, vaccinations and not smoking for cancer prevention. The final questionnaire was answered by 674 high school students, who considered the intervention excellent and who expanded their knowledge about cancer. They realized the relevance of the theme in schools and were willing to disseminate the information, in addition to recognizing their susceptibility to risk factors and expressing their intention to change their habits.Item Avaliação do potencial antitumoral in vitro e da atividade imunomoduladora do composto mesoiônico 5-(4-clorofenil)-3-metil-4-fenil-1,3-tiazólio-2-tiolato (MI-2)(2020-11-04) Andrade, Bárbara Fernanda Pessoa de; Silva, Elayne Cristine Soares da; Andrade, Jeyce Kelle Ferreira de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8970644656035762; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2064359935012193; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8580695386267290Cancer is classified by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a group of diseases, wich can develop anywhere in the body, from the uncontrolled grownth of genetically altered cells and wich have the ability to invade adjacent tissues and can therefore, if install simultaneously in more than one organ. It is considered by WHO as the second leading cause of death in the world, killing about 9.6 million people. In Brazil, according to the National Cancer Institute (INCA), it is estimated that in 2020 309,750 new cases of cancer will be registered for men and about 316,280 new cases for women. Cancer patients are usually treated with chemotherapy, radiation therapy, surgical intervention and in some cases, immunotherapy. In view of the high cost and the remarkable toxicity presented by the vast majority of treatments currently available, such as weight loss and hair, in addition to anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia and immunosuppression that make them extremely vulnerable; the search for new therapeutic possibilities is necessary to increase the chances of cure and quality of life. Mesoionic compounds are a group of substances defined as heterocyclic betaines, mostly of synthetic origin, biologically active and wich have been widely studied for their chemical characteristics and diverse functions, among which the antitumor potential, which has been the object of prominence, stands out of numerous surveys. The compound used in the present work (MI-2) is one of the derivatives of the thiadiazole class mesoionics called 5-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-methyl-4-phenyl-1,3-thiazolium-2-thiolate. The objective of this work was to analyze the antitumor potential of this compound, evaluating the cytotoxicity in tumor cell lines, morphological characteristics of these cells, DNA fragmentation; in addition to the analysis of cytotoxicity in cells of the imune system of rats (Rattus novergicus). The results presented so far, demonstrate satisfactory responses in antitumor evaluation tests, especially for leukemias; and a probable low toxicity in isolated rat lymphocytes. This compound is part of an ongoing research project.