01. Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco - UFRPE (Sede)
URI permanente desta comunidadehttps://arandu.ufrpe.br/handle/123456789/1
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Resultados da Pesquisa
Item Aflatoxinas B1 e M1: uma ameaça para a saúde única(2024-02-27) Buriti, Isabela Barros; Silva, Nivan Antônio Alves da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3505011500604071; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1397684147122889In the 1960s, with the outbreak of acute liver disease in turkeys, ducklings and other birds, research began on aflatoxin poisoning in laboratory animals. After confirming the hepatotoxic potential of aflatoxins, the risk they pose to human health was also highlighted. Aflatoxin-producing fungi are capable of developing in a variety of foods, especially cereals. Strains of Aspergillus flavus produce only aflatoxins B1 and B2, while strains of Aspergillus parasiticus can produce aflatoxins B1, B2, G1 and G2. All aflatoxins are carcinogenic, with aflatoxins B1 and M1 being related to hepatocarcinogenesis. Animals and humans can develop aflatoxicosis when consuming food contaminated by any of these toxins. After ingestion, toxins are absorbed and metabolized in the liver, resulting in the production of less toxic metabolites such as AFM1, which is excreted in milk, urine, feces and bile. Acute poisoning is associated with signs such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, vomiting and pulmonary edema, and may progress to death. Chronic poisoning is related to malnutrition, immunosuppression, growth retardation, reduced reproductive performance, liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Poisoned individuals may present mild anemia, alterations in liver enzymes with elevation of gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT), aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (AP) and bile acids. Serum albumin may be decreased, as well as the albumin:globulin ratio. Currently, there are chemical control or decontamination techniques that can be efficient. However, the restricted and sustainable use of fungicides and the increased consumer demand for residue-free foods require the study of alternatives for the control of fungi and consequently of mycotoxins. Therefore, investments have been made in techniques that avoid contamination, in the use of biological control and adsorbents. Given the implications for unique health and economic importance of aflatoxicosis, continued study on this topic is relevant. In addition to raising awareness among the population about the forms of contamination, the development of detection tests that are efficient and rapid, as well as the implementation of control and prevention strategies that are applicable and useful.Item Abordagem metabonômica no estudo da toxicidade de plantas da família convolvulaceae contendo swainsonina e calisteginas(2019-12-13) Nascimento, Ana Lessa Oliveira do; Souza, Francisco de Assis Leite; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5304030174444186; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1434642356384009The Compulsory Supervised Internship (CSI) was held at the Parisian Institute of Science and Technology of Life and Environment (AgroParisTech). The institute, considered the most important in France on life science research and development, is divided into eight centers across the country, two of which located in Paris, Avenue du Maine Center and Claude Bernard Center, located in the 5th arrondissement of Paris. There are 11 Research Units composed of one or more laboratories and teams of teachers, technicians, doctoral students and master's students, these units can be mixed (those under the supervision of more than one entity) or their own (supervised by the institute itself). More precisely, the CSI was conducted at the Mixed Research Unit (UMR) Systemic Modeling Applied to Ruminants (MoSar), which is administered by AgroParisTech and the National Institute for Agronomic Research (INRA), which is under the Ministry of Research and Ministry of Agriculture. The aim of the internship was to start the formation in metabolomics, showing how the methodology can contribute to the study of plant poisoning, in this case to the group containing swainsonine and / or calystegines, that affect farm animals in Brazil, and to produce a literature review on the subject of the internship. Metabonomics is an important research tool that allows investigating the metabolic pathways affected in a toxicological process. When performed properly and periodically throughout an experiment and with pre-designed protocols, conceived from a biological problem, it is possible to follow the evolution of the intoxication process, identify useful markers for the establishment of pathogenesis and diagnosis, and in the case of global metabolic, that is, one can make discoveries that had not been raised in the initial biological questioning. This is possible thanks to the holistic characteristic of the technique, which makes it possible to visualize and quantify even the most subtle variations in metabolites concentrations. Plants containing swainsonine and calystegines are responsible for numerous cases of animal poisoning in Brazil, mainly goats in the Northeast due to factors related to extensive and semi-extensive breeding, these substances cause a severe neurological syndrome that can lead from decreased productivity to even death of animals, which can cause economic loss to producers, who often have animals as the main source of income, making it very important to clarify the mechanisms involved in establishing this disease in order to find solutions to the problem.Item Relatório de Estágio Supervisionado Obrigatório (ESO) realizado no Laboratório de Ecofisiologia e Comportamento Animal (LECA-UFRPE), Recife-PE(2019-01-25) Chaves, Hisadora Advincula da Silva; Mendonça, Fábio de Souza; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1976344298387988; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1849357038300502Due to the importance of the veterinarian in zebrafish (Danio rerio) vivarium, the Estágio Supervisionado Obrigatório (ESO) was carried out during the period from September 20 to December 07, 2018, in the Laboratório de Ecofisiologia e Comportamento Animal (LECA) of the Departamento de Morfologia e Fisiologia Animal (DMFA) of the Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE) in Dois Irmãos, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil. The report was divided into Chapter I, describing the stage entity and the activities developed, depicting the training developed at the stage, and Chapter II, which represents the experiment performed. Zebrafish has become internationally recognized as an experimental model for evaluating acute and chronic toxicity tests caused by chemical products in scientific research in recent decades. Serjania glabrata Kunth is a plant present in the Caatinga biome widely distributed in the Semiarid region of Northeastern Brazil and has been reported as toxic to goats by producers. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the toxic effects of the ethanolic extract of the leaves of Serjania glabrata Kunth on zebrafish embryos (Danio rerio). The leaves of S. glabrata Kunth were collected in the county of Salgado de São Félix-PB and, from these, the ethanolic extract diluted in 1% dimethylsulfoxide with a concentration of 5 mg/mL was obtained. The parameters evaluated were heart rate, mortality and teratogenic effects, such as column and tail deformation, pericardial and vitelline sac edema, and coagulation, at 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours post fertilization intervals under an optical microscope. The concentrations of 10, 100 and 1000 μg/L did not cause teratogenic effects, as well as mortality, but caused alterations in heart rate.