01. Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco - UFRPE (Sede)
URI permanente desta comunidadehttps://arandu.ufrpe.br/handle/123456789/1
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Resultados da Pesquisa
Item Diagnóstico da arborização no Parque Municipal Maria Anita Amazonas Macdowell, Camaragibe – PE(2023-09-20) Paula, Williane Victoria Matos de; Lima Neto, Everaldo Marques de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6791561445213969Parks are considered one of the main areas that provide ecosystem benefits for urban centers, characterized by the diversity of species found, performing a landscape and/or social function and contributing to the environmental quality of cities. Therefore, the study aims to inventory the afforestation of the Maria Anita Amazonas Macdowell Municipal Park qualitatively and quantitatively, providing support for the management of green areas in the municipality of Camaragibe – PE. To this end, an arboreal-shrub inventory was carried out, carried out quantitatively, evaluating quantitative parameters, including: number of individuals, species, total height and circumference at breast height. The qualitative diagnosis was carried out by evaluating the following parameters: phytosanitary conditions, mechanical injuries, conditions of the root system and general condition of the individual. In addition, the soil cover classification was carried out and the vegetation cover indices for the municipal park were calculated. 92 individuals were found among trees and palm trees, distributed in 11 botanical families and 13 species. It was observed that 37% of the individuals are less than 3 m tall and 59.78% dbh between 3.7 and 18.6 cm, indicating that they are young individuals from a recent planting. The quality of the park's afforestation is considered good, as 95.65% of individuals are in good physical condition without presenting problems that compromise their development. The presence of anthills was observed in 31.52% of the individuals, only 4.35% had superficial roots. Regarding mechanical injuries, 33.70% of individuals had some type of pruning. The park has an area of 18,602.28 m2, of which 10.68% is tree coverage, 61.29% permeable coverage and 28.03% pavement coverage. In relation to the total green area index (0.126 m2 hab.-1), vegetation cover index (0.013 m2 hab.-1) and percentage of vegetation cover (10.68%), the values found for the park were much lower considered satisfactory. Therefore, it is recommended to implement public policies to raise environmental awareness and plant new individuals, so that the best environmental conditions can be offered to the population in the future.Item Índice de salinidade do solo por sensoriamento remoto em bacia hidrográfica no submédio São Francisco(2023) Dias, Maria Caroline da Silva; Lopes, Pabrício Marcos Oliveira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0703321303981408; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0183881695413526Item Dinâmica da cobertura da terra (2016-2023): um estudo no Parque Natural Municipal Mata do Frio e seu entorno, Paulista - PE(2023-09-18) Lima, Richely da Silva; Lima Neto, Everaldo Marques de; Silva, Emanuel Araújo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2765651276275384; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6791561445213969; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5078677187654553The Conservation Units (UC) in Brazil are used as tools for increasing environmental preservation and ecosystem protection. However, without proper monitoring and management, they become targets for degradation and environmental crimes, particularly those units located in urban areas, which are subject to anthropogenic pressure. Taking into consideration the reported cases of deforestation within the Municipal Natural Park Mate do Frio in Paulista - PE, this study aimed to analyze the land use and land cover of this conservation unit using remote sensing techniques, specifically the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), to assess changes over a 7-year interval based on satellite images from the Planet Satellite. To achieve this, study area cutouts from the years 2016 and 2023 were utilized, and a 1 km buffer was generated to assess the influence area. The NDVI calculation was applied to the cutout images. and the classes were reclassified based on their values into water, exposed soil, anthropized areas, low vegetation. and dense vegetation. Additionally, images from the studied years were correlated to identify changes in land cover. The study revealed an increase in dense vegetation within the UC, rising from 26.72% to 65.81%, along with a reduction in anthropized areas from 3.33% to 1.89% of the total area. Conversion of anthropogenic areas into low and dense vegetation was observed, accounting for 4.74% and 0.28%, respectively. Despite these positive findings, deforestation of 1.17 ha (5.70% of vegetation area) was noted. Concerning the surrounding area, there was an increase in anthropized areas from 33.17% to 47.12% due to urban expansion, with part of this anthropized area resulting from the deforestation of 67.41 ha of low vegetation. To validate the accuracy of the obtained data, the kappa index was used, showing values above 80% (very good) for the 2016 images and above 90% (excellent) for the 2023 images. The study results indicated that the environmental degradations in the specific UC were not significant but were noticeable, highlighting the need for increased monitoring, environmental education practices with the community, implementation of the unit's management plan, and the delineation of its buffer zone, given the anthropogenic pressure in the surrounding area of the Park.Item Correlação espacial entre renda per capita, área construída e cobertura florestal urbana em Recife - PE(2022-09-30) Paulo, Fernanda Vanilly de Lira; Lima Neto, Everaldo Marques de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6791561445213969; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0175688410552482Since cities are complex socio-ecological systems, it is highly important to study the interrelationship between socio-economic and natural indicators within the urban environment. Studies that relate urban forest cover to income have found a positive relationship, but most are concentrated in cities in developed countries. On the other hand, underdeveloped countries tend to present an irregular pattern of land occupation and social inequalities. In this way, this work aims to verify if there is a spatial correlation between per capita income, forest cover and built-up area in the city of Recife, and if there is, to analyze whether this correlation is positive or negative, in order to provide subsidies for a fairer urban environmental planning from a socio-environmental point of view. The ground cover was made by the Recife Secretariat for the Environment and Sustainability, using an orthomosaic from 2013. The neighborhoods were used as a basic spatial unit and for income data, the gross domestic product (GDP) per capita, in reais. The following analyzes were performed: Univariate Global Spatial Autocorrelation, Univariate Local Spatial Autocorrelation, Bivariate Global Spatial Correlation and Bivariate Local Spatial Correlation. The variables tested were the percentage of forest cover, percentage of constructed area and value in reais of per capita income per neighborhood. The city of Recife presented a coverage of 1% of agricultural and aquaculture activities, 4.5% of water, 2.6% without vegetation cover, 2.5% of wetland, 49.6% of constructed area, 37.6 % Forest Cover and 2.1% Herbaceous Vegetation. The Moran Index for univariate global spatial autocorrelation was 0.339, 0.476 and 0.243 for built area, forest cover and income, respectively. For the univariate local spatial autocorrelation, a significant cluster of HH Built Area in the north and central-north regions was observed, representing 31% of the neighborhoods of Recife, a cluster LL (39%) formed by neighborhoods with very low forest cover, and for Income per capita, there is a pattern of concentration in the central-north area of the city (HH cluster), surrounded by LH clusters and existence of LL clusters in the northwest, southwest and south areas (peripheries). Moran's indices for the bivariate global spatial correlation were: Forest Cover x Income (-0.119); Forest cover x Constructed Area (-0.334); Income x Built area (0.100). For the bivariate local spatial correlation, significant clusters were found for: Forest cover x Income (28% LH cluster in the central-north region of the city); Forest cover x Built area (29% LH cluster, in the central-north and north regions); Income x Built Area (22% LH cluster in the northern region). Overall, there was a negative correlation between forest and income, forest and built-up area and a positive correlation between income and built-up area, reflecting a spatial pattern that favors low-income populations in terms of proximity to forest cover, but this favoring is mainly due to the existence of remnants forests that along the historical process of urbanization of the city were being moved to the peripheral regions.Item Dinâmica espaço-temporal da cobertura vegetal, das queimadas e da expansão da bovinocultura na bacia leiteira do estado de Pernambuco usando Landsat-8 e MapBiomas(2022-12-12) Melo, Maria Vitória Neves de; Almeida, Gledson Luiz Pontes de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2328849810614673; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8193771315370090The semi-arid is responsible for about 58% of the effective herd in the Brazilian Northeast region (NEB), however, there are local and meteorological factors that limit the semi-arid region. The objective was to evaluate the space-time dynamics of vegetation cover through the Soil-Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI) and Pasture Plant Coefficient (CVP) via Landsat-8/OLI images processed in the cloud on Google Earth Engine (GEE), measuring the scenarios of burned areas and characterizing the expansion of cattle farming in the dairy basin in the state of Pernambuco through land use and cover (LULC) and its impacts on the Caatinga Biome. The study region comprises the 23 municipalities that produce the most milk in the state, between 2016 and 2021, divided into dry and rainy seasons. The Vegetation Indexes were processed in the GEE and the spatialization of the rain was made through the Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation with Station data (CRHIRPS) and both data were submitted to descriptive statistics. LULC thematic maps and burned areas were processed in QGIS software. Thus, it was observed that in the dry and rainy period from 2016 to 2020, there was average precipitation of 77.98 mm and 331.19 mm, respectively. In the rainy season of 2016, less precipitation was observed when compared to the other years of the study, as it was the period that was influenced by the great droughts that preceded the year in question. As for the vegetation indices in the dry period, the SAVI presented lower spectral responses throughout the study period, as a result of low precipitation in the region and the rainy season with high biomass activity with values above 0.78. The SAVI and CVP showed medium to high variability. The burned areas showed that anthropic activities in some sectors of the basin caused the change in the LULC, resulting in degradation processes, even in regions with greater precipitation. Therefore, it is concluded that the analysis of the products CHIRPS, SAVI, CVP associated with the descriptive statistics and the maps of the LULC and burned area, was efficient for the space-time characterization of the expansion of cattle farming in the dairy basin of the state of Pernambuco throughout the study period.Item Uniformidade de vazão, índice de vegetação normalizada e produtividade da cana-de-açúcar sob irrigação por gotejamento(2022-06-06) Silva Júnior, José Santino da; Silva, Manassés Mesquita da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2249840331584869; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7667530223951004Given the importance of irrigating agricultural crops, it is necessary to determine the uniformity of water distribution to ensure the quality of irrigation, frequent monitoring of irrigated areas must be carried out in order to observe the dynamics and conditions of cultivation. In view of this, the present work was developed with the objective of evaluating the quality of irrigation of sugarcane at Usina Vale Verde - Baia Formosa. The study was carried out between February 2021 and February 2022, at Fazenda Pedrosa, belonging to Usina Vale Verde and located in the municipality of Bahia Formosa-RN. A total area of 15 ha was used, subdivided into five sectors of 3 ha each. At the end of the sugarcane cycle, for each of the sectors, the irrigation system flow uniformity coefficient (CUD) and crop productivity were determined. In addition, in six seasons throughout the crop development, the mapping of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) of the soil cover was carried out, through the QGIS software, using Sentinel-2 satellite images made available by the spatial database of the United States Geological Survey (USGS). The NDVI determination was performed by the ratio between the reflectance difference of the near infrared (band 04) and red (band 08) bands, under their sum, the NDVI images were classified according to the vegetation cover density in phytophysiognomies. After evaluating the data obtained in the present study, it was found that the CUD values have a direct correlation with the productivity of the place, as well as the NDVI images showed higher values in the areas of greater CUD and productivity, thus, the CUD and NDVI are important variables as a source of information in decision making in improving irrigation quality.Item Atividade microbiana de um solo sob cobertura morta e cultivado com forrageiras irrigadas com água de reuso(2022-08-29) Barros, Danilo José de; Lira Junior, Mario de Andrade; Fracetto, Felipe José Cury; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8645174138041143; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7272749911485530; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1685882434827642The United Nations estimates that the population will be 9.7 billion inhabitants in the next 30 years, demanding an increase in food production. A strategy to increase this demand and reduce environmental impact is the use of wastewater for irrigation in association with mulch, which can bring benefits to the soil microbiota, greater availability of nutrients and agricultural productivity. The objective of this work was to evaluate the abundance and microbial activity in soils cultivated with forage cactus, irrigated with sewage wastewater and with mulch. The experiment was at the Parnamirim Production Unit - PE, using reused water from the sewage treatment plant for irrigation of forage cactus consorted with buffel grass and sudan sorghum. The forage cactus was implanted in double rows 0.5m x 0.5m x 2.0 m, with the cultures intercalated between the double rows, with the experimental unit formed by three double rows of 4 m in length each. Four replications were used in the design in randomized blocks, in factorial arrangement 2 (intercropping with sudan sorghum and buffel grass) x 4 covers (no cover, 8 and 12 tons of corn straw per hectare and natural vegetation). We evaluated soil basal respiration, carbon and nitrogen from soil microbial biomass and metabolic quotient, at 0-10 and 10-20 cm layers. There was no significant difference in soil basal respiration, microbial nitrogen, and metabolic quotient at 0-10 and 10-20 layers. Estimating carbon from microbial biomass at 0-10 cm layer, we observed a significant difference between the intercrops without vegetation cover, however at 10-20 with buffel grass, the 8 tons mulch differed from the other treatments. Even so, further research is necessary to observe these variables over a longer period.Item Caracterização estrutural e condições ecofisiológicas de fragmento urbano de Floresta Atlântica usando VANT e imagem de satélite(2021-12-10) Silva, Luiz Henrique Gonçalves da; Pimentel, Rejane Magalhães de Mendonça; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6974715752532263; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0137369300045818Over the years, the Atlantic Forest vegetation has been subjected to a progressive suppression process, mainly by anthropogenic measures, directly modifying the surface and causing irreparable damage to the biodiversity of this highly important social, economic and environmental ecosystem complex. In addition, these anthropic interventions further increase the fragmentation process, which searches for knowledge regarding the ecophysiological condition of fragments of this vegetation, which are under the direct influence of anthropic effects, more relevant. Currently, a viable methodology to assess such conditions is analyses that use geoprocessing and remote sensing, which uses techniques that allow obtaining information about targets on the soil surface, assessing its spatial dynamics, estimating the height of structures, and analyzing land use and cover. Furthermore, through the Vegetation Indexes, it is possible to assess the ecophysiological condition of those being registered. Thus, the study aimed to characterize a structure and an ecophysiological condition of the vegetation of an urban fragment of the Atlantic Forest. A Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) flight was carried out over a Fragment of Dense Ombrophilous Forest in the Lowlands located in Recife - PE. These images classified the land use and cover; they estimated the number of Individuals in the Area and their Height. After that, high-resolution satellite images were slid to calculate the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and the Green Chlorophyll Index (GCI). It was identified 482 non-study forest fragments, submitted to a different level of anthropization,similar to other areas of the same phytogeographic domain, oscilating between 5.14m and 33.46m height. The NDVI of the area ranged between -0.21 and 0.93, and all places where arboreal trees were identified, through photogrammetry analysis, mean ND values greater than 0.6, indicating that they are physiologically healthy. The GCI values at the points where arboreal trees were identified were above 2.37 g/m², and the highest values for this index were found in the most centralized region of the fragment under study. The value found was higher than that measured in crops. This study showed that photogrammetry is a viable method to measure the height of wanting trees, mainly due to the quality of the provided images. Moreover, the evaluation through the Vegetation Indices indicates that this vegetation is physiologically healthy and has a chlorophyll content (g/m²) estimated by the GCI, superior to homogeneous plantations of crops.Item Dinâmica espacial do cenário florestal em paisagens do bioma Caatinga no município de Araripina - PE(2022-05-27) Andrade, Adrielle; Silva, Emanuel Araújo; Melo, Lorena de Moura; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1486808425687522; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2765651276275384; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8750022516521279