03.1 - Graduação (UAST)
URI permanente desta comunidadehttps://arandu.ufrpe.br/handle/123456789/2926
Navegar
18 resultados
Resultados da Pesquisa
Item Aspectos do crescimento da Baraúna (Schinopsis brasiliensis Engel.), em diferentes contextos de intervenções antrópicas, na comunidade da Mata Redonda em Triunfo – PE.(2022-05-27) Santos, Natália Alves; Barros Júnior, Genival; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4379675294862211; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4530134000429562The Caatinga vegetation has a very peculiar characteristic, which makes it unique and, unfortunately, due to anthropic actions, a considerable portion of this biome is in extinction and another portion is threatened with extinction. Among the endangered plant species is the Baraúna (Schinopsis brasiliensis Engl.), one of the most important trees in the Caatinga, considered a noble tree due to the characteristics present in its wood. Given this situation, research actions aimed at preventing the extinction of the Baraúna species are shown to be of great importance for the preservation of biodiversity in the Caatinga Biome. However, there are still few studies aimed at rescuing and protecting the dynamics of this important species in the Caatinga vegetation. Thus, the objective of the present work was to study the initial behavior and to relate the growth rates of Baraúna plants introduced in areas under different impacts arising from agricultural management over time in environmental conditions of high-altitude swamp. 10 The experiment was carried out in a Random Block Design - DBC, in an 11 x 3 arrangement (11 baraúna plants in 3 different areas of human intervention) area 1- degraded soil; area 2- arable soil; area 3- agroforestry system, carried out from October 2021 to March 2022. Soils were collected for analysis, rainfall data, luminosity data, soil cover and monthly biometric readings. In area 1, the soil was classified as sandy clay, compacted, low rate of living and dead cover, accentuated presence of erosive processes, high presence of luminosity and average growth of baraúnas when compared to the other areas; area 2- clay soil, compacted, high presence of living cover, medium presence of mulch, presence of erosive processes, high level of luminosity and it was the area in which the plants showed the highest growth in terms of stem diameter as in vertical growth; and in area 3 soil classified as sandy clay loam, not compacted, high index of living and dead cover, punctual erosion processes, low luminosity and slow growth of baraúnas. The baraúna plants are demanding in light, requiring full exposure of the canopy of their canopy to solar radiation to ensure a satisfactory development of the individuals of their species. The reintroduction of the species Schinopsis brasiliensis in the ecosystem of highland swamps is recommended due to its ecological, environmental and anthropological importance for the enrichment of local biodiversity.Item Diagnóstico ambiental por índices de vegetação no Parque Estadual Mata da Pimenteira no período chuvoso e seco(2022-05-23) Rocha, Alessandro Higor Gomes da; Bezerra, Alan Cézar; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3690303625468223; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1372320248183121Due to the monitoring needs, as well as the understanding of the vegetation conditions of the Mata da Pimenteira State Park, it was aimed to analyze vegetation indices generated with red and infrared bands, with Sentinel-2 images to verify the land cover in the rainy and dry period from 2016 to 2021. The study site is located in the municipality of Serra Talhada, Pernambuco. The images were processed in Google Earth Engine to obtain a composition of the two periods studied, then, in QGIS software version 3.18.3 (Zurich), the vegetation indices (NDVI and VCI) were determined by raster calculator, a calculation tool available in Qgis that uses as a basis the values of the pixels of the layers. After obtaining the indices, the descriptive statistics of the images were obtained and classified using the r.recode tool, with subsequent counting of the vegetation classes by r.report, so that from this, the thematic map for the analysis and diagnosis of the study area was made. The results indicate higher average NDVI for 2016 and 2017 with 0.7 in the rainy period, and 0.36 in the dry one. The VCI had its highest average in 2016 with 86.04 and lowest in 2018 with 63.63. In the rainy period more than 90% of the area was composed of the high vegetation density with the NDVI and VCI of the very light class. In the dry period, most of the area was of the class "low vegetation density" by NDVI and "severe" by VCI.Item Contribuição da condutância estomática de grupos funcionais de plantas lenhosas na condutância do dossel em vegetação de Caatinga(2022-05-23) Jesus, Angela Lucena Nascimento de; Lima, André Luiz Alves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3425654823765293; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3432981548836565The arboreal species of semiarid regions contribute in different ways to the cooling of the canopy, considering the diversity of species and functional groups of plants. Although the vegetation-atmosphere relationship is important from the point of view of climate change, studies evaluating the contribution of caatinga functional groups to the canopy conductance are still scarce. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relation of the stomatic conductance of different functional groups of plants with the conductance of the canopy in Caatinga vegetation. The work was carried out in an area of the Caatinga, located in Fazenda Buenos Aires, Serra Talhada- PE. Two species of high wood density (WMD) and two species of low wood density (WDL) were evaluated. The meteorological data were obtained from a micrometeorological station installed in the study area and the canopy conductance was calculated. The stomatic conductance, leaf temperature and hydrous potential of xylem were evaluated. Stem samples were collected and anatomical structures of the xylem were measured. Analysis of variance of repeated measures and Tukey test with p < 0.05 were performed. Functional groups contributed differently to the canopy conductance. There was a positive relation of the canopy conductance and stomatal conductance (0.761). In the initial rainy season, the canopy conductance was 0.003 m s-1 , with the largest contribution to the canopy conductance occurring by the WMD species (150 mmol m-2 s -1 ). In the rainy season the species' stomatal conductance increased for WMD (100 to 300 mmol m-2 s -1 ) and WDL (200 to 300 mmol m-2 s -1 ). The canopy conductance also increased during the rainy season (0.02 and 0.05 m s-1 ). The water potential was higher for WDL (-1.2 MPa) and lower in WMD (-2.5 MPa) species. The WMD species presented greater amount of xylem vessels (58 mm-2 ) and wall thickness (16 ), and smaller diameter of the lumen of the xylem vessels (140 ). The WDL presented thin wall (9 ) and smaller amount of vessels (5 mm-2 ). These results show that, WMD species have strategies that favor the canopy conductance, even in the dry season, while WDL are more conservative and contribute to the canopy conductance in the rainy season. This study clarifies the importance of functional diversity for maintaining water and environmental balance in semi-arid regions, such as the Caatinga.Item Características estruturais do capim-corrente (Urochloa mosambicensis) submetido a diferentes manejos de corte(2021-12-06) Santos, Eliane Rodrigues dos; Leite, Mauricio Luiz de Mello Vieira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4204641633941814; Não localizadoCurrent grass (Urochloa mosambicensis) is a plant with high foraging potential in the Brazilian Semiarid region, as it has high tolerance, low water availability and grazing near ground level. The aim of this study was to evaluate the productivity of current grass as a function of different cutting managements. The experiment was carried out in the experimental area of the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Serra Talhada Academic Unit. The design used was in randomized blocks, with four cutting heights (40, 30, 20 and 10 cm), and four replications. Initially, the current grass pasture area at UFRPE/UAST used for the implementation of the experiment was delimited with dimensions of 8.0 x 10.0 m, 80.0 m². Then, the uniform cutting of the grass was carried out in the entire experimental area. A paddock was inserted every 2.0 m in length and 2.0 m in width to divide each plot. During the experimental period, the monitoring of current grass growth was carried out, evaluating the following structural characteristics: leaf blade length and width, stem length and diameter, plant height, number of: tiller, live leaf, dead leaf, fully expanded living leaf, expanding living leaf, green matter and dry matter weight. After cutting, the plant material was collected and taken to the laboratory to determine the dry mass content of the morphological components. These evaluations were carried out in three consecutive growth cycles of current grass. It was verified for stalk length and tiller number that grass cut at 30 cm had the highest mean, when cut at 20 cm had the highest mean leaf blade length and green matter weight. It was found that the number of expanded leaves was greater when cutting at 10 cm in height, with 7.50 cm. The averages of plant height and number of senescent leaves were higher when the cut was performed at 40 cm. When compared to the other treatments, the stem diameter and leaf blade width were not statistically different regardless of the cutting intensity. During the evaluation period, it was found that the grass cut at 20 cm in height had better forage production averages.Item Visitantes dos nectários de Desmanthus pernambucanus (l.) Thellung (leguminosae): uma forrageira nativa da Caatinga(2023-09-21) Mello, Fernanda Antônia Gomes de; Silva, Ana Luiza da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4162831591004569; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1836241097746028Jureminha is a species that occurs in the caatinga biome and has forage potential among other economic importance. The objective of this work was to evaluate the diversity of floral visitors and visitors to the extrafloral nectaries of Desmanthus Pernambucanus and the influence of the visitation of ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) on the reproductive success of the species. The work was divided into two stages, which was carried out in the city of Arcoverde-PE from November 2020 to February 2021 and in Serra Talhada-PE. To carry out the experiment, the method described by Campos & Zorzenon was used, where a cone is made of resistant material and placed on the plant together with solid petroleum jelly. The variables measured were: height and diameter of the stem. To determine floral and extrafloral visitors, monthly visits were made to plants in the experimental area of UFRPE-UAST and visitors were collected with the help of an entomological network. The experiment showed that ant influences contribute to the reproductive success of Desmanthus Pernambucanus, but the exclusion of ants favors herbivory and fruit production, interfering with its growth. Few species visited Desmanthus during the study period.Item Distribuição geográfica e status de conservação de espécies de Sebastiania spreng. (euphorbiacea) endêmicas do nordeste do Brasil.(2023-09-19) Magalhães, Thais Nunes; Melo, André Laurênio de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0908553047440221; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6803077394499902Sebastiania Spreng. is a Neotropical taxon that is part of Hippomaneae, a tribe that has around 33 genera and approximately 300 species. In Brazil, the center of diversity of the genus, it is represented by nine species (S. brasiliensis, S. brevifolia, S. jacobinensis, S. larensis, S. macrocarpa, S. pteroclada, S. riparia, S. subsessilis and S. trinervia of which seven are endemic. The genus is distributed in theextraAmazonian portion of the country, with most species occurring inseasonally dry forests, especially in the caatinga and semi-deciduous forests of the Southeast, Center-West and South, rarely in the Atlantic Forest and, it is common, to be found inthe banks of rivers and streams.The present study aimed to evaluate the geographic distribution of Sebastiania species endemic to Northeast Brazil. This work recorded 3 species distributed across the region's phytophysiognomies, all of which are endemic to the Brazilian Northeast. The species chosen were Sebastiania brevifolia, S. jacobinensis and S. macrocarpa. A data collection was carried out using speciesLink, with the purpose of generating spread sheets with the occurrence data of the selected species. With this data, a map was generated with all the geographic distributions of the selected species using QGIS model 2.18.28. The Northeast regions that presented the highest degree of richness in the number of specimens were Bahia, Pernambuco and Ceará, followed bySergipe, Rio Grande do Norte and Paraíba. Among the species analyzed, S. macrocarpa was the one with the widest distribution, having records in the states of Bahia, Pernambuco, Ceará, Paraíba and Rio Grande do Norte. Sebastiania jacobinensis was distributed in four states (Bahia, Pernambuco, Ceará and Sergipe) and S. brevifolia was distributed in only three states (Bahia, Pernambuco and Ceará). According to their conservation status according to IUCN (2019), S. brevifolia and jacobinensis are considered of little concern due to their range of occurrence and may be considered endangered. S. macrocarpa is now considered tobe of concern, according to IUCN criteria (2019), also presenting it as endangeredItem Ocupação de ninhos-armadilha por abelhas e vespas solitárias (Hymenoptera, Aculeata)(2023-09-22) Silva, Mirella Cruz de Sa e; Oliveira, Mikail Olinda de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4962593504082966; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9886581010910725The present study aimed to analyze the occupation and acceptance of trap nests by solitary bees and wasps (Hymenoptera, Aculeata), as well as identify possible nesting preferences. The Experiment was carried out on the campus of the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Academic Unit of Serra Talhada, during the months of November 2022 to July 2023. Observations were carried out weekly, during eight months of sampling. To carry out the sampling, four cylindrical wooden blocks (CB) (n=100) were used, with cavities with diameters of 6 and 8mm. The CBs were made with high-density native wood (Astronium urundeuva (M.Allemão) Engl.), untreated. The results showed that 58 nests were founded during the study period. The nesting activity of solitary bees was higher than that of solitary wasps throughout the study period. There was a preference for occupying cavities with 6mm in diameter, ensured by a significant statistical difference (p<0.0001), when compared to occupying cavities with 8mm in diameter. Three types of materials used to close the end of the nests were identified, with clay being the least frequent material with 13.79% of the total nests, while resin was the second most used with 39.66%, followed by the aggregate of mixtures with resin, with the highest proportion 46.55%. The results indicated that the species that nested in the study area prefer narrower cavities. Furthermore, the present study highlights the uncertainty of the influence of the environment on the nesting activity of solitary species, and it is ideal to adopt caution when choosing the location for installing trap nests.Item Levantamento do uso de plantas medicinais em bairros da cidade de Buíque, Pernambuco, Brasil(2023-05-03) Silva, Arianne de Andrade da; Ramos, Eduardo Henrique da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0508987795451323; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8505676846531198The use of plants for therapeutic purposes is an ancient practice that is still used today. This practice is transmitted between people from generation to generation, characterizing traditional knowledge. The objective of this research was to report which medicinal plants are used by people in the city of Buíque-PE, as well asto report the forms of use and therapeutic indications of the mentioned plants. For this purpose, interviews were conducted with open questionnaires and the selection of participants was made using the non-probabilistic convenience sampling technique. After data collection, Use Value (VU) and Relative Importance (RI) calculations were performed in order to find out which species were most important for the studied population. Respondents from the municipality of Buíque make use of 55 medicinal plants, the most used being lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) and lemon balm (Lippia alba). The mentioned plants are used to prepare teas by infusion, the leaves being the most used plant part. Lemongrass and lemon balm were the plants with the highest VU and IR and are used for diseases of the body systems Infectious or parasitic diseases, Diseases of the digestive system and Diseases of the nervous system, the main diseases being flu, stomach ache, anxiety and pain. This study contributed to documenting local traditional knowledge about medicinal plants and their uses, helping to maintain and disseminate this knowledge.Item Performance do crescimento de mudas em diferentes estratégias de manejo como uma ação para recomposição e diversidade biológica de um ambiente em regeneração(2022-06-06) Souza, Marisa Adriana Gonçalves de; Souza, Luciana Sandra Bastos de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1186468548787818; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0145072454700159In regions with a semi-arid climate, abiotic (ie, low rainfall, high incidence of factors, shallow and saline soils, nutritional deficit, etc.) recomposition of degraded areas, in addition to contributing to the increase of the biosphere and atmosphere. Currently, they cite the restoration of important work in process, using different management strategies. The adoption of practices aimed at restoring the environment becomes essential for maintaining environmental balance. Based on this, we analyzed the aspects of the effects of different management techniques on the biometrics of seedlings of five species, Anadenanthera colubrina (Angico branco), Cratylia argentea, (Camaratuba), Libidibia ferrea, (Pau ferro), Handroanthus impetiginosus (ipê – purple) ) and Sesbania bispinosa. The work is subdivided into two chapters: 1) Bibliographic review which was highlighted as the main adaptive strategies of plants of the bio caatinga format, as well as the use of different strategies used to recompose anthropized areas, and scientific 2) no. it comes from an experiment that sought to analyze the biometry and survival of the fauna of the caatinga in scientific initiation, with the purpose of enriching an area in a working state, aiming at the diversity of this environment. Therefore, an experiment was carried out between December 2021 and May 2022, at the Academic Unit of Serra Talhada (UAST/UFRPE). Seedlings of five species: Anadenanthera colubrina (Angico white). Cratylia argen, (Camaratuba)bidtea ferrea, Handroanthus impetiginosus (pei – purple) and Sesbania bispinosa were subjected to different management strategies: T1 = Control, T2= soil + hydrogel, T3= compost and T4= hydrogel + compost in an area of Caatinga in design. In average intervals of 8 days, the biometric knowledge parameters of the species were created: Height of the plant diameter (DC, mm), count of the number of leaves (NF) and the average of the canopy area (AC) ) (North - South; East - West). Data were selected for analysis of variance and comparison of means was performed using Tukey's test at a 5% probability level. What use of the hydrogel, organic compound + organic compound, we did not account for the variables among the variables. In this, the land use only aspect considered for better results and with the creation of low cost systems. The nucleation proved to be efficient for several biologicals in the environment and in this aspect, there was a better growth of angico followed by pau ferro.Item Bactérias do mel de abelhas sem ferrão (apidae: meliponini) com potencial antagônico a microrganismos patogênicos de interesse para saúde humana(2021-12-13) Figueroa, Marcos Vinicius; Fernandes, Hélio de Melo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6890648212766368; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0173708664534934Stingless bee colonies are a natural reservoir of microorganisms that may be present in honey, pollen and other microenvironments throughout the nest. Bees, like other social insects, have complex symbiotic interactions that, throughout evolution, provided an ecological interaction that helped preserve the hives, favouring the life of these insects and giving them a survival advantage. Several microorganisms associated with stingless bees, mainly sporulating bacteria of the Bacillus genus, produce substances that inhibit the growth of competing microorganisms that contaminate and deteriorate the food stored in the hives. In this context, this work aimed to isolate bacteria from stingless bees of the apidae: meliponini group to verify the capacity of the microbiota against pathogenic microorganisms of interest to human health. In the antagonism test, samples of honey from Melipona asilvai with 10-1 to 10-4 dilutions were used, which were then submitted to hyperthermia in a water bath at 80˚C. Ten sporogenic bacterial morphotypes were selected and submitted to an antagonism test, but only six inhibited the growth of pathogenic bacteria with an inhibition halo ranging from 1 to 3 mm. Honey samples from M. subnitida, scaptotrigona sp and Friosiomelitta stored for more than two years and from Melipona asilvai showed absence of yeasts, filamentous fungi and thermotolerant total coliforms. All honey samples showed total mesophilic aerobic bacteria, in concentrations ranging from 2.9 x 104 a 9.79 x 104 CFU/g of honey. Although honey has high concentrations of sugars that inhibit microbial growth, several bacteria are able to resist high osmotic pressure and survive in this substrate, making it a natural reservoir of microorganisms that end up being beneficial to the colony and serving as a barrier against contaminating microorganisms.