Bacharelado em Ciências Biológicas (Sede)
URI permanente desta comunidadehttps://arandu.ufrpe.br/handle/123456789/5
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Resultados da Pesquisa
Item Estrutura da comunidade meiofaunística de três praias rochosas de diferentes condições geográficas no Nordeste brasileiro(2019) Pereira, Maria Eduarda Oliveira; Rocha, Clélia Márcia Cavalcanti da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8971495967943784; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4083542942187872The meiofauna is composed of marine organisms from 0.044 to 0.5mm in size and is tipically found in interstitial habitats. The composition of the meiofaunistic community is determined by size and type of sediment, as well as the geological, physical and chemical factors. These organisms are considered bioindicators due to their close relationship with the middle, wide distribution, rapid regeneration time and because they are organisms sensitive to environmental change. This work analyzed samples from the mid-coast and lower-mid-coast of Atalaia beaches, Archipelago Fernando de Noronha, Ilha do farol, Atol das Rocas and Muro Alto beach, in the southern coast of Pernambuco, aiming know and compare the meiofaunistic communities found in each beach. The material was treated at laboratory through routine techniques for the study of meiofauna, which was identified at high taxonomic levels. The main hypothesis of this work was that the meiofaunistic community found in the three beaches would be structurally similar, because they are characteristically rocky beach communities. With the results of the statistical analysis we saw that the meiofaunistic composition showed differences in diversity and species richness of each site studied, probably due to the different sediments types.Item Caracterização da poluição por resíduos sólidos na linha-do-deixa em duas praias do litoral norte de Pernambuco(2020-02-03) Nascimento, Eridiana Angélica Dias do; Melo Júnior, Mauro de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6735233221650148; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0755007615566832Solid waste improperly disposed of on beaches poses risks to health and to the entire marine ecosystem. The objective of this work was to analyze and compare the solid residues found on the beaches of Maria Farinha and Casa Caiada in Pernambuco, evaluating the number of residues, observing possible associations with living beings and identifying the most likely sources. In 2019, three collections were made at each beach, in Maria Farinha, on November 25, at 8:49 am, December 13 and 26, at 10:42 am and 10:30 am respectively; and Casa Caiada, on November 27, at 10:46 am, December 14 and 27, at 11:20 am and 10:46 am, respectively. For the collection, a transect 1 m wide by 10 m long, whose center was the line-of-cue (maximum level of the high tide), was arranged in three points of the beaches, with a distance of 100 m between them. The collected items were quantified, weighed and measured. They were classified according to the composition: plastic, metal, paper, glass and organic, observed using a stereomicroscope to identify possible associated living beings and, finally, the possible sources of the analyzed items were defined. In total 141 items were collected during the three collection days at each beach, 41 at Maria Farinha beach and 100 at Casa Caiada beach. Associations of living beings were found mainly with plastic material residues, these organisms being macroalgae (arribada), microalgae (perifiton), oysters and barnacle, found in Maria Farinha. While at Casa Caiada beach, associations were found with items of plastic and metal material, these being polychaeta and gastropod tubes, respectively. The results show that the pollution comes mainly from what is consumed and discarded by users.Item Composição da nematofauna em uma praia urbana tropical impactada por efluentes de esgoto(2022-10-07) Bezerra, Pâmela da Silva; Guilherme, Betânia Cristina; Silva Filho, Mário Guimarães da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0770757545098826; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3131730022364100; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7169142852187773Sandy beaches have complex hydrodynamic processes and they are widely used for tourism and recreation. The interstitial space provides habitat for organisms of the Phylum Nematoda, considered the most abundant in unconsolidated bottom benthic ecosystems. The distribution tends to suffer interference, mainly, from granulometry, in addition to other factors. The present study investigated the nematofauna composition on a tropical urban beach impacted by sewage effluents, to test two hypotheses: 1) the structure of the nematofauna community is influenced by granulometric characteristics and 2) the nematofauna composition on the beach of Barra de Jangada presents temporal differences, considering the trophic groups and maturation stages. The collections were carried out in the months of July (rainy season) and September (dry season) of 2020. In each one, two transects were established, one of them located close to a sewage along the intertidal zone and the other distant at 100 meters. In each transect, four sampling points were marked, then biosedimentological replicas and for granulometric analysis were collected. Samples were screened and nematodes identified at the genus level. The sediment was predominantly classified as moderately well sorted fine sand. We recorded 42 genera, belonging to 20 families, Xyalidae being the most representative, with greater abundance and richness of genera. The genera Promonhystera, Theristus, Mesacanthion, Paracanthonchus and Pseudosteineria represented more than 90% of the samples. The greatest richness found occurred in the dry season and, considering the transects, the first one showed greater diversity. The upper midlittoral region had the lowest diversity between the zones in both months. PERMANOVA indicated significant differences in communities and DistLM showed that granulometry significantly influences community composition. The most abundant trophic group was non-selective deposit eaters. Juveniles were dominant in the both periods.Item Distribuição espaço-temporal da meiofauna em uma praia arenosa tropical(2022-10-03) Oliveira, Bruna Rodrigues Fidelis de; Guilherme, Betânia Cristina; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3131730022364100; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8456510680790890Sandy beaches have a high biodiversity and protect one of the most extent environments throughout the Brazilian coast. Presenting a fauna of invertebrates that are resistant and adapt to various changes. Meiofauna is projected by invertebrate metazoan organisms that measure 0.044 mm and 0.5 mm. The research aims to characterize the space-time structure of the medium-phained community based on composition and abundance. The collections were performed on Cup beach during the sea bass and two perpendicular transects were chosen to the waterline and equidistant in 100 meters. In each transect, four average collection points were defined in three portions (upper, middle and lower) and one in shallow infralitoral. In each of these points three replicated medium and additional replicated replicated were collected for analysis of particle size factors, using a 9.6 cm2 internal PVC cylindrical witness. As a sample of the biological material were added to 4% - prepared saline plastic pots. Meiofauna samples were washed through the overlapping geological sieves set, with 500 μm and 45 um laboratory mesh intervals and treches on Dolfuss plates under stereomicroscope for screening and identification of the middle -phanainistic organisms present. The half -black was composed of 11 taxa being: Nematoda, Copepoda, Polychaeta, Oligochaeta, Acoela, Acari, Gastrotricha, Ostracoda, Nemertea, Tardigrated and Amphipoda. The Nematoda group was the most abundant in both months. The total density of months,being higher, varied between the months (July and August) and lower in the dry period (September and November). Among the areas, average and infralittoral medium litoral stand out for the highest densities of organisms. Permanova's result also confirmed the significant differences in the meiofauna community between the months, transects and zones of the nMDS figures viewer. Among the abiotic variables, they confirm the average grain size that stands out having an influence of 68% of the meiofauna community.Item Macrofauna em ambientes recifais de praias urbanas do Recife - PE, Brasil(2020-10-27) Santos, Karollayne Danielly da Silva; Alves, Marcos Souto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7568351870637048; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4176625803318031The beaches of Pina and Boa Viagem, Recife-PE, are urban beaches and present in addition to ecological importance, socioeconomic importance. In order to characterize the macrofauna of the aforementioned beaches, aiming to provide recent data on the quali-quantitative composition of the same, monthly collections were carried out, always at low tides daytime syzygy, from May to July (rainy season), and September to November (dry season) 2018 at Pina beach, and from January to March (dry season), and May to July (rainy season) 2019 at Boa Viagem beach. The macroalgae were collected with the aid of plastic bags and deposited in plastic containers containing water from the site, with three samples of macroalgae per month. Regarding the reef macrofauna, specimens were collected manually, with the aid of tweezers and deposited in plastic containers. In the laboratory, the macrofauna associated with macroalgae was identified at the level of large groups and accounted for. Mollusks obtained from macroalgae, as well as decapod crustaceans and molluscs collected on reefs, were identified at the species level with the help of specialized literature. Associated with macroalgae, 11 and 13 zoological taxa were removed for the beaches of Pina and Boa Viagem, respectively, with Copepoda being the dominant one on Pina beach, and Isopoda and Amphipoda Gammaroidea in the dry and rainy periods, respectively, on Boa Viagem beach. As for gastropods associated with macroalgae, 18 species were obtained at Praia do Pina, and 22 at Boa Viagem beach. Comparing the seasonal periods, on both beaches the dry period presented greater wealth than the rainy one. Eulithidium affine stood out for being the dominant species on Pina beach, as well as on Boa Viagem beach in the rainy season, with Mitrella ocellata being the dominant one in the dry season. Regarding the reef macrofauna, 10 species were obtained at Pina beach and 12 at Boa Viagem beach. Comparing the two seasonal periods, the rainy season was the one that showed the greatest wealth and abundance at Pina beach, while at Boa Viagem beach it was the dry period. In both beaches studied, Stramonita haemastoma and Pachygrapsus tranversus, were the species of mollusk and decapod crustacean respectively, which presented greater abundance. Regarding the frequency of occurrence, on the beach of Pina Stramonita haemastoma was the most frequent mollusk, while on the beach of Boa Viagem the species Brachidontes exustus, Fissurella clenchi and Stramonita haemastoma were the most frequent occurrence. Among decapod crustaceans, Pachygrapsus tranversus was the one with the highest frequency on the two beaches studied. Callinectes exasperatus and Callinectes ornatus would be a new occurrence record for Boa Viagem beach. The macrofauna obtained in the present study, showed less abundance of individuals and less value of wealth, when compared to previous works, which may be related to anthropic actions, such as increased trampling. Despite this, it is considered that the two beaches studied showed good biological diversity, since they are strongly impacted.Item Pode um processo de modificação de habitat alterar a comunidade da meiofauna? Estudo de caso de uma praia arenosa que sofreu um processo de engorda(2019) Cruz, Renata Carolina Maria da; Guilherme, Betânia Cristina; Silva Filho, Mário Guimarães da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0770757545098826; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3131730022364100; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3354260053065916Sandy beaches are environments with a high biodiversity, presenting a fauna of invertebrates that are resistant and adapted to several adverse situations. The meiofauna is considered by metazoa that pass through the mesh of 0.5 mm of opening and are retained in a mesh of 0.044 mm. The objective of this work was to identify if the sandy beach ofPiedade-PE, which underwent a fattening process, has undergone a structural change in its meiofauna community. The animals of the meiofauna have a way of life adapted to the interstitial environment, and may vary according to the variation of the environment and grain size. The collections were made at Piedade beach before fattening, 1, 7, 15, 30, 60 and 90 days after sediment deposition, in the infralittoral and mediolittoral areas. The collection was performed during the low seas, where a transect perpendicular to the waterline was established and was extracted using a "corer" type sampler in the 10 cm of the sediment, three biosedimentological replicas and one for particle size analysis in the mediolittoral and infralittoral regions. The biosedimentological material was washed, elutrited, and taken to the stereomicroscope to count the meiofauna at the level of large groups. The sediment samples were processedusing a rot-up agitator. The PERMANOVA statistical test was used to verify if there was any change in the community after fattening. The meiofauna was composed of 17 taxa, the Nematoda group being the most abundant. Praia de Piedade underwent several changes in its structure, both in species richness and abundance. PERMANOVA's statistical test showedthat there are differences between the pre-and post-fattening community and that it tends to stabilize after 90 days of fattening may become similar to the meiofauna originally existing on the beach. Thus, the results indicate that after a fattening process the community will be modified.Item Efeitos de um processo de engorda de praia sobre a comunidade meiofaunística da zona entre-marés da praia de Candeias (Jaboatão dos Guararapes – PE)(2018) Sena, Luiz Felipe Valença Galiza; Rocha, Clélia Márcia Cavalcanti da; Santos, Érika Cavalcante Leite dos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1552807658058972; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8971495967943784; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0088518530140540Marine erosion, which is characterized by the retreat of the coastline against the sea, promotes a significant loss of habitat for organisms inhabiting the intertidal zone. At various points along the coast of Pernambuco this erosion is already perceived at moderate to severe levels,and some actions have already been carried out to contain the retreat from the beach line. Recently, a process of containment of the marine erosion in the state of Pernambuco was carried out, aiming first at the most affected areas. This action provided, along a 5.5 km stretch,the widening of the sand strip of the beaches of Barra de Jangadas, Candeias and Piedade by a beach nourishment process. The sedimentary recomposition of these beaches was made through sand dredged from the continental shelf fromadepthof13m.Thisstudyanalyzedtheecologicalsuccessionof meiofaunal organisms (from 0.044 mm to 0.5 mm in size), and the sediments inwhich they live, in the beach of Candeias (Jaboatão dos Guararapes, PE) before and after a process of beach nourishment for up to 90 days after the process.These animals have a biology adapted to the interstitial environment, and can vary according to the variation of the nature and size of the grains. The collections were performed before the beach nourishment, 1 day after, 7, 15, 30, 60 and 90 days after sediment deposition, in the infralittoral and in the intertidal zone. The material was performed in the laboratory through routine techniques for the study of meiofauna, which was identified at high taxonomic levels. This work investigated the effects of this process on the meio fauna community of the beach and its ecological succession, dueto its close relationship with the sediments and their characteristics.It was verified that immediately aftert he process of beach nourishment the sediments were modified, and also the structure of the meio fauna community that colonizes them. This has undergone several changes in its structure, both in species richness and inabundance. Statistical tests showed a tendency to stabilize or even stabilize the community structure in a pattern that is significantly similar to the meiofauna originally existing on the beach. Thus, the results point to a possibility of using meiofauna in environmental biomonitoring programs for coastal engineering actions.