Bacharelado em Ciências Biológicas (Sede)
URI permanente desta comunidadehttps://arandu.ufrpe.br/handle/123456789/5
Siglas das Coleções:
APP - Artigo Publicado em Periódico
TAE - Trabalho Apresentado em Evento
TCC - Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso
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Resultados da Pesquisa
Item Diagnóstico coproparasitológico e avaliação da resistência anti-helmíntica da helmintose gastrintestinal em pequenos ruminantes(2021-09-30) Medeiros, Anderson Eduardo Correia; Alves, Leucio Câmara; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6563157522654726; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8784589514336726Gastrointestinal helminthiasis in small ruminants, especially those caused by nematodes, are frequent and require treatment with anthelmintics. Some factors such as management, inadequate treatment and underdosage can lead to the development of anthelmintic resistance (AR), representing a global problem. The benzimidazole (BZ) class is one of the most widely used in the treatment of helminthiasis and consequently one of the most common with resistance problems. One of the parasites most associated with AR in small ruminants is Haemonchus contortus, which causes serious problems in the herd and can lead to the death of the animal. Therefore, the aim of this study was to perform the coproparasitological diagnosis of small ruminants and detect molecular markers associated with resistance to BZs in populations of gastrointestinal nematodes of small ruminants in the state of Pernambuco. Feces were collected from 73 goats and three sheep from three farms and analyzed using the FLOTAC parasitological technique to obtain eggs per gram of feces (EPG). In addition, the abomasum content of 40 sheep was collected for adult helminth screening. A pool of feces was collected per farm and stool culture was performed to obtain infective third-stage larvae (L3). Adult helminthes and L3 were subjected to DNA extraction and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for species identification and confirmation. The resistance profile of these parasites was determined by PCR amplification for the beta-tubulin gene related to AR, followed by sequencing. As a result, in FLOTAC the overall average was 1,797 Strongyloidea eggs. In stool cultures, L3 of Haemonchus sp. were the most frequently found, followed by Trichostrongylus spp. In the collection of abomasal contents, 15/40 (37,5%) of the animals presented the nematode. The PCR result of L3 and adult helminths confirmed the presence of H. contortus. However, no point mutations associated with BZs were found in the codons that have already been reported in H. contortus. Knowledge of anthelmintic resistance in nematodes present in small ruminants is essential to mitigate the development and dissemination of resistant isolates in Pernambuco.Item Diversidade de genes de resistência em bactérias de ambientes extremos(2022-10-07) Silva, Erivelton Gomes da; Freitas, Nara Suzy Aguiar de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6891650997818766; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9369370749452563Bacteria from extreme environments are poorly understood and the evolutionary histories linked to resistance and virulence gene patterns are still hidden. Although they are usually associated with a single extreme condition, they are often described as multi-resistances, which we assume is due to their rich genetic arsenal. Studying the diversity of these genes can help us to understand how bacterial life adapts in the scenario of environmental changes resulting from human action. This work studied the diversity of resistance mechanisms in bacteria and their shared genes between representatives of the Terrabacteria and Proteobacteria taxa. 16 genomes from 12 genera was selected, including thermophilic, psychrophilic, halotolerant, radiotolerant, acidophilic and resistant to heavy metals bacteria, in addition to 44 resistance genes. A phylogenetic tree was constructed with the 16S rRNA sequences (MEGA software). The sequences of the genes of interest were aligned against the NCBI/BLAST database, and their relationships to Mobile Genetic Elements (MGEs) obtained (IslandViewer 4). Among the gene products, we highlight the Quorum Sensing molecules for biofilm formation, present among phylogenetically distant taxa, where homologous signalers and receptors can be used to understand multi-resistances in extreme environments. On the other hand, we also found genes that act together in the creation of resistance, such as the mutS/mutL DNA repair genes, or the resistance genes to several phaE/phaC stressors, but which in some taxa showed the absence of one of alleles, or significant variations in the percentage of alignment of the alignments, indicating a possible difference in functionality. Other genes were more restricted to certain taxa, such as the ddrD of the radiotolerant Deinococcus radiodurans, which acts within a specific scenario of radiation and nutritional scarcity, in which case the improvement of a single gene/product led to a multi-resistance mechanism. Another example of restrictiveness is the phaE gene of the multidrug-resistant Rubrobacter xylanophilus, which cooperates in robustness and resistance to stress in this species. We also observed three cases of correlation between MGEs and resistance genes: the first in the occurrence of the radiotolerance gene recA in Genomic Islands in Thermus sp; another in the relationship of MGEs and Genomic Islands with the ars and cad genes, for arsenic and cadmium resistance, respectively, in Geobacillus stearothermophilus; and finally, the relationship of the Acidiphilium sp gene kdpB with plasmids in several of the taxa studied. This evidence indicates that, at least for a small part of these mechanisms, there is a potential for sharing resistance genes through Horizontal Gene Transfer (HGT). This potential for mobility could be an excellent biotechnological tool in the genomic editing of bacteria used in the bioremediation of contaminated environments. We believe that further studies of patterns and variations, phylogenetic analyzes and correlation of these genes with MGEs and genomic islands, may be ways to understand more about the diversity of resistance genes in extremophile bacteria.