TCC - Bacharelado em Ciências Biológicas (UAST)
URI permanente para esta coleçãohttps://arandu.ufrpe.br/handle/123456789/2932
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Item Bactérias do mel de abelhas sem ferrão (apidae: meliponini) com potencial antagônico a microrganismos patogênicos de interesse para saúde humana(2021-12-13) Figueroa, Marcos Vinicius; Fernandes, Hélio de Melo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6890648212766368; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0173708664534934Stingless bee colonies are a natural reservoir of microorganisms that may be present in honey, pollen and other microenvironments throughout the nest. Bees, like other social insects, have complex symbiotic interactions that, throughout evolution, provided an ecological interaction that helped preserve the hives, favouring the life of these insects and giving them a survival advantage. Several microorganisms associated with stingless bees, mainly sporulating bacteria of the Bacillus genus, produce substances that inhibit the growth of competing microorganisms that contaminate and deteriorate the food stored in the hives. In this context, this work aimed to isolate bacteria from stingless bees of the apidae: meliponini group to verify the capacity of the microbiota against pathogenic microorganisms of interest to human health. In the antagonism test, samples of honey from Melipona asilvai with 10-1 to 10-4 dilutions were used, which were then submitted to hyperthermia in a water bath at 80˚C. Ten sporogenic bacterial morphotypes were selected and submitted to an antagonism test, but only six inhibited the growth of pathogenic bacteria with an inhibition halo ranging from 1 to 3 mm. Honey samples from M. subnitida, scaptotrigona sp and Friosiomelitta stored for more than two years and from Melipona asilvai showed absence of yeasts, filamentous fungi and thermotolerant total coliforms. All honey samples showed total mesophilic aerobic bacteria, in concentrations ranging from 2.9 x 104 a 9.79 x 104 CFU/g of honey. Although honey has high concentrations of sugars that inhibit microbial growth, several bacteria are able to resist high osmotic pressure and survive in this substrate, making it a natural reservoir of microorganisms that end up being beneficial to the colony and serving as a barrier against contaminating microorganisms.Item Prospecção de bactérias em colmeia de Melipona mandacaia(2022-10-07) Souza, Maíra Beserra Barbosa de; Melo, Hélio Fernandes de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6890648212766368; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9288906482369286Melipona mandacaia is a stingless bee species restricted to the Caatinga biome that offers economic and environmental importance. However, biotic and abiotic conditions make bees more susceptible to pathogen attacks. It is known that many microorganisms provide protection to bees and help in the formation of their products. Thus, the objective of this work is to carry out the prospection of bacteria producing organic acids from glucose. Thereby, samples of honey, pollen, geopropolis and trash of bees were collected, stored and taken to the laboratory for analysis. To determine the microbiological quality of samples 1mL of each product was diluted in 9mL of saline (10-1 dilution) and from that, serial dilutions were performed, which were later seeded in Sabouraud agar culture medium (SA) and nutrient agar (NA) being that honey and pollen were sown in both media, but the trash of bees and geopropolis were only sown in NA. The sown microorganisms were placed in the oven and kept for 48 hours at 35ºC for the NA isolates and the SA isolates were placed in the oven for 48 hours at 30ºC. After this procedure, the Colony Forming Units (CFU) were counted. The microorganisms isolated in NA underwent the Red Methyl Test (RM) to verify the production of organic acids. From the RM test, it was verified that the microorganisms isolated from the bee and honey garbage samples produced organic acids from glucose. Therefore, the data obtained revealed that microorganisms isolated from Melipona mandacaia hive products may have antimicrobial activity. Thus, the importance of studying the microbiota associated with stingless bees is emphasized.Item Associação entre fungos e abelhas-sem-ferrão do semiárido de Pernambuco(2021-06-25) Silva, Aparecida Clébia da; Carvalho, Airton Torres; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5995654016063333; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3574387196330564Throughout the evolution of species, insects and fungi have developed important mutualistic interactions, in which both benefit. An interesting example is the bee of the genus Scaptotrigona spp. (Hymenoptera: Apidae, Meliponini), in which a species of fungus Zygosaccharomycessp. develop and produce important metabolites for the growth of immatures, being essential for the insect to complete its life cycle. In this context, the objective was to investigate the presence of filamentous fungi, associated with larval food, in brood cells with larvae at different stages of development in colonies of Scaptotrigona sp. tubiba group, in Caatinga areas of the state of Pernambuco. The collections were carried out in five colonies in 10 brood cells, being numbered from 1 to 10, in which 1 to 5 were collected in cells with developing larvae, from 6 to 7 only with larval food and egg and from 8 to 10 developed larvae. The samples were solubilized in sterile water and seeded on three culture media for isolation Sabouraud Agar (SAB), Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) and Potato Dextrose Agar with an additional 15% of glucose (15% PDA). After five days of incubation at 28 ºC, 19 isolates were selected based on morphotypes. Amongst these, 3 were identified at the genus level, being a Fusarium, a Cladosporium and an Arcopilus, which was submitted to macro and micromorphological characterization for presenting characteristics similar to a species described in the literature. Subsequently, the growth capacity of Arcopilus sp. in four different conditions: pure larval feed, larval feed plus distilled water (1:1; v/v), Sabouraud broth and distilled water plus 1% glucose in wells of ELIZA plates. The greatest growth was observed in wells that were seeded with larval feed diluted in distilled water. The presence of Monascus sp. in larval food samples of Scaptotrigona sp. studied. The other isolates were stored for later identification of the species and it is expected that these fungi may actually be essential in the bee nests of this species.Item Meliponini do estado de Pernambuco, Brasil(2021-02-23) Silva, José Augusto dos Santos; Carvalho, Airton Torres; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5995654016063333Meliponini is a tribe of eussocial bees popularly known as stingless bees. This group is recognized for its economic value in the production of honey and other honey products such as wax, pollen and geopropolis. However, it is in the pollination service that these bees stand out. However, it is in the pollination service that these bees stand out. This activity, associated with the ease and practicality of its management, represents an important tool to optimize agricultural productivity and the maintenance of ecosystems. Due to the great demand of the market, there is a need to expand the rational breeding of these animals (meliponiculture), and for this it is necessary to formulate a regulation that guarantees the viability, sustainability and safety of the activity. For the implementation of public policies that supply this demand, one of the requirements is the description of local (state) biodiversity. In this sense, this work is the first checklist of bees from the Meliponini tribe for the state of Pernambuco. The work used two methods to generate a list capable of being used by breeders and decision makers in their actions in favor of species activity and conservation. In the first, metadata from the literature and databases published on the internet (CRIA and GBIF) were compiled and available for consultation (UFMG Collection). In the second part of the work, specimens deposited in the ASA / UFRPE collection belonging to the state were identified using the specific bibliography. In the search for metadata, 34 species were listed, distributed in 14 genera, some records represent dubious determinations, which may be overestimating the actual number of species. In the identification of the material in the collection, 32 species were identified, distributed in 14 genera, some determinations could not be confirmed by the lack of reference material for comparison, and some records deal with exotic species that were translocated from their area of natural occurrence. We list 29 native species occurring in the state of Pernambuco and 3 introduced species. A short diagnosis of each species and photographic plates is made. We present the list and discuss biogeographic and conservation implications.Item Uso da cera em multiplicações de ninhos de uruçu nordestina (melipona scutellaris, apidae: meliponini)(2021-02-23) Vieira, Rubem Cláudio Simões; Carvalho, Airton Torres; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5995654016063333; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3306959712309074Uruçu Nordestina (Melipona scutellaris) is a stingless bee that belongs to the meliponines group, which has geographic distribution throughout the tropics, and can be considered the most diverse group of social bees in the world. The present study aimed to observe whether the supply of wax for multiplication of uruçu nordestina nests reduces the risk of death in newly multiplied colonies, as well as the preference of bees for different mixtures of wax and cerumen. The results found indicate that, although it does not significantly increases the chance of survival of multiplied nests, the supply of these materials allows greater development and weight gain for the colonies, in addition, the species of bee studied in this work prefers to use its own cerumen at the expense of pure Apis wax.