TCC - Bacharelado em Ciências Biológicas (Sede)
URI permanente para esta coleçãohttps://arandu.ufrpe.br/handle/123456789/412
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Resultados da Pesquisa
Item Diversidade de besouros escarabeíneos (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) da Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco UFRPE/Sede(2024-10-04) Assis Júnior, José Fernando de; Liberal, Carolina Nunes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7390869942259612; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8327288458916924Scarab beetles are called "dung beetles", this name was given due to the peculiar behavior of some individuals, these beetles modulate and roll some balls made with the feces of other animals. In Brazil, 786 species included in 69 genera are recorded, and in the state of Pernambuco, 16 species distributed in 8 genera are found. The consequences of the behavior and life cycle of these individuals include several environmental services, such as increased nutrient cycling rate in the environment, soil fertilization and aeration, reduced transmission of some vertebrate parasites by killing larvae and eggs, secondary seed dispersal and contribution of biomass to higher trophic levels. However, environmental disturbances can drastically alter the structure of the community, decrease diversity and lead to the loss of ecosystem functions of scarab beetles. The present study aimed to understand the diversity of scarab beetles at the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco. With approximately 147 hectares of extension, the UFRPE Main Campus has areas composed of vegetation from the Atlantic Forest biome. Three collections were carried out in each season, two collections in August and October 2023, in addition to four collections in the months of January, March, April and May 2024, totaling six collections. To capture scarab beetles, 10 points were delimited at the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, with a minimum distance between points of 100 m. The area was mapped using the AlpineQuest program and at each of the points a set of two pitfall traps was installed, 3 m apart from each other, totaling 20 traps in the study area. Due to the fall of trees and opening of the canopy, the vegetation structure was modified, making it necessary to change some points for collection during the rainy months. For the ecological analysis, we used the Rényi Diversity Profile, the Shapiro-Wilk test, the Levene test and the Tukey test to complement the results of the Analysis of Variance. Analyzing the baits and seasons, we observed that species diversity was higher in the feces pitfalls and in the rainy season. The analysis of variance for species abundance showed that there was an interaction between the bait and season factors, in other words, the impact of one factor depends on the level of another factor, which was not observed in the analysis of variance for species richness.Item A Área de Proteção Ambiental (APA) Aldeia-Beberibe como local de pesquisa acadêmica: uma análise da produção científica realizada entre 2000 e 2022(2024-10-04) Silva, Mariane Cássia da; Silva, Ana Carolina Borges Lins e; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7518216414237885; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1828286294878920The Atlantic Forest is a critical global biodiversity hotspot. In the Brazilian Northeast, the Aldeia-Beberibe Environmental Protection Area (APA) plays a key role in forest conservation and the protection of headwaters for some of the region’s important rivers. Analysing the scientific studies conducted in this area provides insights into its biodiversity and aids in planning conservation efforts. This research aimed to assess how the area is being used for biodiversity studies, which locations are being accessed, and to understand the fields of research being published. A bibliographic survey covering the period from 2000 to 2022 was conducted, with data collection extending from September 2023 to June 2024, to examine scientific trends, categorizing studies by research areas, locations, and the involvement of other protected areas within the territory. The analysis revealed a gradual increase in research since the creation of APA Aldeia-Beberibe in 2010. Botany, Zoology, and Ecology were the most frequently published fields, with research concentrated in the Mata da Usina São José Wildlife Reserve (RVS) and the Dois Irmãos State Park (PEDI). These results provide significant insights into the local biodiversity, indicating better guidance for managing the APA Aldeia-Beberibe, as well as information for a more effective conservation strategies for this natural heritage.Item Influência do cocultivo de bactérias promotoras de crescimento no desenvolvimento morfofisiológico de Canistrum aurantiacum (Bromeliaceae)(2024-03-07) Ferreira, Esdras de Souza; Silva, Cláudia Ulisses de Carvalho; Oliveira, Henarmmany Cristina Alves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6859724202937192; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7161911278790052; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0201835717024585The reintroduction of vulnerable species is a common practice in ecological conservation and restoration, aiming to address the challenges arising from habitat fragmentation and climate change. However, reintroduction attempts of native plants, such as Canistrum aurantiacum, often encounter difficulties in establishing lasting reproductive populations. A promising approach to improve the success of these reintroductions is co-cultivation with growth-promoting bacteria (GPBs), which can benefit plant development at various stages of cultivation. This study sought to evaluate the impact of GPB co-cultivation on the growth and development of C. aurantiacum seedlings. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse attached to the Plant Physiology Laboratory (LFP) at the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife-PE. Seeds of C. aurantiacum were sown in trays containing organic substrate and washed sand. After 90 days, the plants were transplanted into containers containing a mixture of organic substrate and sand, previously sterilized. Five GPB treatments, including a control, with 10 replicates each, were used. The plants were inoculated with bacterial suspension or sterile deionized water and maintained under these conditions for 64 days. Biometric and total chlorophyll content analyses were conducted throughout the experiment. The data obtained were analysed using ANOVA, and the means were compared employing the Tukey test at a 5% significance level. However, no significant differences were observed between the treatments regarding these variables. The results indicate that GPB inoculation had no significant effect on the growth and chlorophyll content of C. aurantiacum during the study period. This finding suggests that other factors, such as interspecific interactions between plants and microorganisms, may have influenced plant development. Therefore, further research is needed to better understand the effectiveness of GPB co-cultivation as a management strategy for vulnerable species in reintroduction programs.Item Prospecção de pigmentos de fungos isolados de solo de área preservada(2024-02-20) Souza, Ana Beatriz de Andrade; Siqueira, Virgínia Medeiros de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5524459744893735; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2810164333813638In recent years, several studies have highlighted the harmful effects of artificial substances used in the food, agriculture, and pharmaceutical industries, especially synthetic dyes. As an alternative to these substances, the search for fungi producing pigments has emerged as a promising option. Specifically, filamentous fungi have the ability to produce secondary metabolites that can replace synthetic products or serve as raw material for new products, minimizing this problem. In this context, the present study aimed to evaluate the pigment production capacity of filamentous fungi isolated from soil in a preserved area at the Curado Forest Wildlife Refuge (RVS), Recife-PE. After isolation and quantification procedures, five isolates capable of producing extracellular pigments in solid culture medium were selected, identified as Paecilomyces (isolates 01 and 11), Penicillium (isolate 07), Phoma (isolate 16), and Aspergillus (isolate 18). Subsequently, these fungi were cultured in liquid culture media and subjected to different pH, nutrient, and temperature conditions, with agitation at 150 rpm for 9 days. As a result, the conditions in which all isolates maintained pigment production were in Potato Dextrose Broth and Czpeck Broth, pHs 4.5 and 7.0, and temperature of 25°C, indicating that 15°C was a limiting factor when compared to all isolates tested. Additionally, the extract containing the pigments was tested for its antimicrobial capacity, but none of them showed activity against Candida albicans, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus. Thus, it is concluded that soils from preserved areas are sources of fungi capable of producing extracellular pigments, which can be further studied in future research for their various applications. Finally, the results presented here emphasize the importance of maintaining preserved areas, valuing the fungal component present in soils, and that besides their ecological role, it is possible to add biotechnological value to them.Item Diversidade e período de atividade de besouros escarabeíneos (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) da Estação Ecológica do Tapacurá(2023-09-15) Cavalcanti, Juliana Ferreira; Liberal, Carolina Nunes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7390869942259612; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3551522195847302Scarab beetles are detritivorous insects popularly known as “dung beetles”. They have a varied feeding habit, in general they can feed on feces (coprophages), decaying meat (necrophages) or decaying fruits (saprophages), or even on more than one type (generalist). Besides that, they play a very important role as bioindicators, as they are highly sensitive to environmental changes, undergoing changes in the structure of their community. Deforestation and fragmentation of forest environments are some of the most damaging disturbances to biodiversity by which scarab beetles are heavily affected. The Atlantic Forest is one of the Brazilian biomes in the most critical state of degradation, listed as one of the 36 biodiversity hotspots. The objective of this work was to know the diversity and period of activity of scarab beetles in the Atlantic Forest fragment of Tapacurá Ecological Station (8° 02′ 27.8″S and 35° 11′ 46.3″W), located in the municipality of São Lourenço da Mata, Pernambuco. Two samples were carried between the months of february and march, and march and april, where ten points were determined, distributed in order to form a transect. At each point, a set of two pitfall traps was installed, totaling 20 traps per area. Pitfalls were baited with fresh human feces and rotten bovine spleen. A total of 940 individuals distributed in five tribes, seven genera and 18 species of Scarabaeinae were captured. The most abundant species were Canthon terciae (34.47%), Deltochilum kolbei (23.40%) and Dichotomius guaribensis (14.47%). Of the 18 species collected, only 12 occurred in sufficient numbers to be classified in trophic guilds. Among these, seven were considered necrophagous , five generalists, and none were coprophagous. As for the period of activity, four species showed diurnal activity, four showed nocturnal activity, and another four species were considered of continuous activity. Rényi’s diversity profiles showed that the carrion bait had a greater diversity of species taking into account the most abundant species, and the feces bait was more diverse considering the rarest species.Item Composição das assembleias de drosofilídeos (Insecta, Diptera) em um fragmento preservado de Floresta Atlântica comparado com um ambiente degradado nas suas imediações(2021-08-06) Santos, Vinícius Alcântara Carvalho Lima; Montes, Martín Alejandro; Garcia, Ana Cristina Lauer; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0563243377799793; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0349635170206363; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7512572540450427Invasive species are among the biggest causes of biodiversity loss on the planet. Biological invasions continue to grow throughout the world, including in the Drosophilidae family. The present study aimed to observe the diversity of Drosophilidae assemblages from a protected area, the Dois Irmãos State Park and an outside area near it, the Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (Federal Rural University of Pernambuco) and their sazonal patterns. There were four collecting expeditions in each area, two in the dry season, two in the rainy season, using five banana bait traps to attract the drosophilids. A total of 25,108 drosophilids of 4 genera and 21 taxa were collected. The sites presented a composition of similar richness and abundance, with a great predominance of exotic species, which represented 91.4% of the total, and only one species, Drosophila malerkotliana, was the most abundant and represented 70.4% of the abundance alone. It was noticed that this species also dominated the composition of the protected area, that was not the case in a previous study in the same place, in which native species of the willistoni subgroup dominated the assemblage. It is still too early to say what may have caused the results shown here, and further studies are necessary to observe whether the trend of the dominance of the assemble by exotic species will stay in future samplings.Item Perturbações antrópicas e seus impactos sobre a biodiversidade em uma paisagem florestal periurbana(2019-07-18) Belém, Isabela Souto Maior; Silva, Ana Carolina Borges Lins e; Fonsêca, Nathan Castro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4924065580196245; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7518216414237885; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9316096639439701Item Solanaceae Juss. em uma unidade de conservação na Mata Atlântica de Pernambuco, Brasil(2020-09-17) Belo, Deibson Pereira; Vital, Maria Teresa Aureliano Buril; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5077385212493886; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9589832834359253The present work consists of a study on the taxonomy of the species of the Solanaceae family occurring at the Estação Ecológica (ESEC) of Tapacurá, located in the municipality of São Lourenço da Mata, Pernambuco, Brazil. During the execution of the study, field collections were carried out between September 2019 and March 2020, in addition to main herbal consultations in the state of Pernambuco (IPA, HST, PEUFR and UFP). In the Tapacurá ESEC there are 29 species distributed among the genera Brunfelsia (1 sp.), Capsicum (2 spp.), Cestrum (2 spp.), Datura (1 sp.), Dyssochroma (1 sp.), Physalis (3 spp.), Schwenckia (2 spp.), Solandra (1 spp.) and Solanum (16 spp.). Three new records are superior for the state of Pernambuco - Physalis peruviana, Solanum jussiaei and Solanum rugosum, in addition to two new occurrences for the Atlantic Forest domain - Datura metel and Solanum rhytidoandrum. They are identification keys for the genera and species occurring at ESEC in Tapacurá, in addition to descriptions, taxonomic and distribution comments, photographs and illustrations.Item Levantamento e monitoramento de mastofauna da Estação Ecológica de Tapacurá, Pernambuco, Brasil(2019-12-04) Ramos, Deborah Maria Soares; Montes, Martín Alejandro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0349635170206363; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7769196041781031Current rates of biodiversity loss are being driven by several anthropogenic pressures that result in rapid population declines, a process known as defaunation. In megadiverse biomes such as the Atlantic Forest, defaunation is exacerbated due by deforestation and habitat fragmentation, and figure as a major threat to biodiversity conservation by promoting local extinction processes. In this context, the knowledge about the historical loss of mammals and its current situation in threatened areas of the Atlantic Forest biome is extremely important. This study aimed to perform a systematic review based on historical data and current fieldwork effort, and evaluate the conservation status of mammals at the Pernambuco Endemism Center (CEP) through the noninvasive method of camera trapping. The study was conducted at the Tapacurá Ecological Station, Protected Area (PA) located in the municipality of São Lourenço da Mata, Pernambuco State, with a total area of 776 hectares. Sixteen sample stations with a spacing of about 350 meters were used to ensure the independence of the records, to cover the largest fragment of the UC with an area of 428 hectares. The total sampling effort was 13,801 hours, and eleven species of native mammals were identified: Dasyprocta prymnolopha, Cuniculus paca, Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris, Sylvilagus brasiliensis, Leopardus pardalis, Leopardus tigrinus, Nasua nasua, Cerdocyon thous, Galictis vittata, Callithrix jacchus, Bradypus variegatus, beyond the introduced Canis lupus familiaris and Felis catus. The activity pattern of some species was identified: Dasyprocta prymnolopha (diurnal), Cuniculus paca (nocturnal), Nasua nasua (diurnal), Canis lupus familiaris (diurnal). Of the historically documented species from ESEC Tapacurá, Panthera onca, Puma concolor, Alouatta belzebul, Sapajus flavius, Herpailurus yagouaroundi, Leopardus wiedii, Eira barbara and Tamandua tetradactyla have not been recorded. Many of them are suggested to be locally extinct, especially in the case of big cats and primates. However, the presence of introduced species such as the domestic dog accelerates the local defaunation processes and figure as further threat to biodiversity. Documenting CEP's historical defaunation process can serve significantly as baseline for conservation strategies in extremely fragmented and endangered areas as the Atlantic Forest.