Navegando por Assunto "Sementes"

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Acompanhamento técnico das atividades da terra tecnologia agrícola Ltda – Jaboatão dos Guararapes/PE
(2023-05-04) Amorim, Luiz Eduardo Santos de; Melo, Roberto de Albuquerque; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9419474898249921; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5032336323185051
Uma análise histórica da mulher na agricultura familiar e sua relevância para preservação da biodiversidade genética e ecológica
(2024-03-05) Silva, Jenifer Carla Borges da; Freitas, Nara Suzy Aguiar de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6891650997818766; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0352343973672028
Family farming, essential for food security and sustained by ancestral practices, is marked by the fundamental role of women in the conservation of genetic diversity and the cultivation of traditional varieties. These varieties are vital for the resilience of ecosystems against environmental challenges, but are threatened by modern agriculture and genetic erosion. Therefore, this research aims to analyze the female contribution to family farming and its impact on biodiversity conservation. Using a meta-analysis methodology, the research examines 60 scientific publications, including articles, dissertations, theses, and final papers, to identify trends and gaps in knowledge. Approximately 80% of the studies analyzed include specific information about gender, with 18% focusing specifically on women, reflecting the national reality of female participation in agriculture. Correlation analyses and chi-square tests were applied to investigate the relationship between gender and the use of agrochemicals and organic practices, finding no statistically significant associations. Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA) was employed to explore the relationships between seed varieties, methods of acquisition, and geographical locations of farming families in Brazil. The results reveal systemic barriers faced by female farmers, such as limited access to financial resources and agricultural credit. The study also highlights seed selection based on immediate characteristics, the cultural importance of seeds, and the need for supportive policies for family farming. A crucial aspect is the ongoing genetic segregation of Creole seeds, which allows them to adapt to environmental changes and resistance to pests and diseases, although it may result in inconsistencies in production. The artificial selection of Creole seeds by farmers can lead to the loss of valuable genes, underscoring the urgency of expanding the presence of specialized technicians. Family farming in Brazil is revealed in a complex manner, influenced by historical, cultural, and environmental factors.
Aspectos fisiológicos de sementes de Piptadenia moniliformis Benth
(2019) Silva, Joyce Naiara da; Silva, Monalisa Alves Diniz da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0446410743186066; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3432689640499564
With the increasing demand for seeds of high quality native forest species, mainly to support the work of mixed reforestation, it is fundamental that the methods of quality evaluation of the seeds are efficient, so the present work aimed to evaluate aspects pertinent to the physiological quality of seeds of Piptadenia moniliformis Benth. (calico angus). Two experiments were carried out: experiment 1 -Use of seed dormancy overcoming treatments, where they were immersed in concentrated sulfuric acid by (zero -intact seeds, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 minutes). The design was a completely randomized design, with six treatments and five replicates of 20 seeds per treatment. Experiment 2 -Evaluation of the methodology of the accelerated aging test, that is, traditional methodology and that employing the use of saturated NaCl solution at 41ºC with periods of zero exposure; 24; 48; 72 and 96 h. Before and after each aging period, regardless of the method, the water content of the seeds was determined. After each treatment the seeds were submitted to electrical conductivity and germination tests. The design was completely randomized, in a 2x5 factorial scheme (methodology x exposure times), with four replicates of 25 seeds per treatment. To overcome seed dormancy there was no statistical difference between the times of 5; 10; 15; 20 and 25 minutes of immersion in sulfuric acid, but the time of 20 minutes provided a larger number of seeds with protrusion of the primary root. The different methods of accelerated aging, conventional and saturated solution, affected the physiological quality of seeds of Piptadenia moniliformis Benth., With the reduction of the germinative potential after 24 hours of exposure. Regarding the methodology employed, the use of the saturated solution generally gave the best results, as the water content of the seeds was lower, thus reducing fungal growth. The results obtained in the biochemical test of electrical conductivity showed that the increase of the aging period, independent of the methodology, caused the increase of the deterioration of the seeds. It is soon concluded that the seeds of P. moniliformis Benth. had their dormancy overcome when immersed in concentrated sulfuric acid for periods of 5; 10; 15; 20 or 25 minutes; and that the different methodologies of accelerated aging, traditional and saturated solution, affected the physiological quality of the seeds.
Ausência de transmissão por sementes do vírus do mosaico severo do caupi
(1992) Assis Filho, Francisco Miguel de; Lima, José Albérsio de Araújo; Ribeiro, Gilvan Pio; Mariano, Rosa de Lima Ramos
Estudou-se a possibilidade de transmissão do vírus do mosaico severo do caupi - CpSMV. "Cowpea Severe Mosaic Comovirus", através de sementes de seis cultivares de Vigna unguiculata, obtidas de plantas infectadas artificialmente em condições de campo e de casa-de-vegetação. Foram testadas 12.81 7 sementes pelos métodos sorológico, infectividade e plantio direto. Para o teste sorológico utilizaram-se macerados de pares de hipocóltilos, obtidos a partir de 11.120 sementes das cvs. BR 1- Poty, Carrapicho, Pitíuba, Sempre Verde, Seridó e TVu 2331 germinadas em papel toalha e testadas contra anti-soro específico para CpSMV através de dupla difusão em agar. O teste de infectividade foi realizado com 800 sementes das cvs. Carrapicho e Seridó, produzidas em campo, das quais foram dissecados o tegumento, cotilédones e eixo embrionário. Extrato obtido pela maceração em tampão fosfato de 5 unidades de cada uma das partes, foi inoculado em plântulas de caupi cv. Sempre Verde. em casa-de-vegetação, as quais foram observadas por 20 dias, visando verificar a ocorrência ou não de infecç8o viral. Para o plantio direto, 1.000 sementes de 'Carrapicho' e 'Seridó', produzidas em campo, foram postas a germinar em vasos plásticos contendo solo esterilizado, e as plantas observadas por 30 dias. Para confirmação dos resultados do plantio direto, testaram-se sorologicamente 10% das plantas contra anti-soro específico para CpSMV. Observou-se a ocorrência de manchas em sementes de algumas cultivares. A despeito destas alterações no tegumento, não se detectou a presença do vírus em nenhuma semente madura, indicando que o CpSMV não é transmitido através de sementes de caupi.
Avaliação da germinação e crescimento inicial de plântulas de Lactuca sativa L. expostas à polivinilpirrolidona
(2022-05-27) Sales, Érica Danúbia Souza; Nunes, Ramom Rachide; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6182302726895126; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3843458808851603
Seed germination is a crucial moment for plant development and growth, once the species has suffered any kind of injury, excess or scarcity, the consequences can be permanent. Thus, the present work aims to evaluate the germination of Lactuca sativa L. (lettuce) in different concentration of polyvinylpyrrolidone polymer (PVP). Seed sowing (30/plate) was conducted in sterilized Petri dishes containing filter paper. In each plate, 3mL of the aqueous PVP solution was added at concentrations 0.001 mmol/L, 0.01 mmol/L, 0.1 mmol/L, 1 mmol/L and a control group with distilled water. Each treatment had 3 replicates. Seed germination was evaluated daily, at the end of the 7th day, measurements of hypocotyl length, radicle, fresh and dry mass weight, germination percentage tests, vigor index, tolerance, germination speed, water content and photosynthesizing pigments were performed.. The data were expressed in mean ± standard error and submitted to one way ANOVA followed by the Tukey test (the means were considered different when p<0.05). The group treated with 1 mmol/L presented the radicle development affected, while all others did not present major impacts. %G, IVG, IT, hypocotyl and photosynthetic pigments did not present significant results when compared to the control group. Our data indicates a warning sign for the polyvinylpyrrolidone disposal, and highlights the need of further research regarding its toxicity.
Avaliação de progênies C2 de coentro para germinação e vigor das sementes
(2019) Lima, Sonny Mateus Delfim da Silva; Carvalho, Rejane Rodrigues da Costa e; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3307316028992311; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1297066278757054
Banco de sementes do solo em áreas ciliares em processo de restauração florestal na Zona da Mata Sul de Pernambuco
(2019-07-15) Silva, Lucas Benedito da; Feliciano, Ana Lícia Patriota; Silva, Marilia Isabelle Oliveira da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1029149032423660; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9184673853412326; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2948005042743422
This work aimed to evaluate the composition and diversity of soil seed bank species in riparian areas with different stages of forest restoration located in the municipality of Sirinhaém, Zona Sul Mata de Pernambuco. The present research was developed in two areas under restoration process, located at the Usina Trapiche S / A, in the municipality of Sirinhaém, in the region of Mata Sul in the State of Pernambuco. Sampling of the seed bank was performed in 40 plots of 250 m 2, 20 plots in each area, and two samples per plot were collected, totaling 80 samples. The soil was collected to a depth of 0-5 cm, using a square template with dimensions of 0.25 m x 0.25 m (0.03625 m²). The samples were stored in plastic bags and transported to the Forest Nursery of the Forest Science Department of UFRPE. The experiment was set up using 80 perforated plastic trays, with a volume of 0.0767m³. The trays were accommodated in two flowerbeds. On the bed was mounted two structures, one covered by white tulle - (full sun) and another covered by shade screen (70%), making it impossible to contaminate by external propagules. Among the soil trays were randomly arranged 10 trays with sterilized substrate to avoid contamination between the trays inside the structure. Germination was evaluated biweekly over the six-month period. All seedlings were identified to the lowest taxonomic level, quantified and then withdrawn from the trays. The emergent individuals were peeled to polyethylene bags that remained until their flowering, being the same herborizadas and deposited in the herbarium, for identification purposes. The species were classified when the dispersion syndrome, ecological group and its origin. The richness and phytosociological parameters, the Shannon diversity index (H '), the Pielou equability (J'), the Sorensen Similarity and the Hutcheson test were calculated by the MS-Excel 2016 program. The differences between the abundance of seeds of the two areas, their means and medians were obtained by software R °. The maximum seed density found in area 2 was represented by the Shading Screen of 70% (3,205.2 seeds / m²) and for area 1, it was the full sun (3,086.8 seeds / m²). Both areas had a high similarity index (Ss = 25.70%). The highest density in both areas was represented by herbaceous plants with a total of 10,916 seeds / m², of which 5,771.2 for area 2 and 5,144.8 for area 1. The species with the highest VIBS in the seed bank in area 1 and 2 were herbaceous (Lindernia crustacea (L.) F.Muell. And Ludwigia leptocarpa (Nutt.) H. Hara, area 1 and 2. Germinated a total of 19 species with 17 trees in area 2 and 10 in area 1, with 100% of pioneers. The species Solanum paniculatum L., Cecropia pachystachya Trécul and Piper aducum L. were the most representative. Among the total shrub and tree individuals present in area 1 (92.58%) are composed of species that present a zoocoric dispersion syndrome.
Controle de qualidade em sementes na empresa Ciasseds Correntina / BA
(2019-07-18) Silva, Palloma Rayza Lopes de Aquino; Gonçalves, Edilma Pereira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2026865787481365; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9351112672329205
Diagnóstico de redes de sementes florestais no Brasil
(2024-02-07) Silva, Ana Clara Santana; Santos, Marcone Moreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3284707164193715; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5674898094215400
Forest seed networks play a fundamental role in the preservation and restoration of forest ecosystems, representing initiatives aimed at conserving native plant species in different biomes. These networks work collaboratively, with the active participation of various social actors, such as local communities, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), research institutions and government entities. The objective of this study was to carry out a comprehensive mapping of forest seed networks in Brazil, with the aim of understanding their distribution, structure and impact on the conservation and restoration of forest ecosystems. For this survey, four methods were adopted: research on the networks' web pages, analysis of Instagram profiles and application of questionnaires, consultation of RENASEM/MAPA with specific filters and analysis of academic articles on Scholar Google, using specific keywords. As a result, it was possible to map twelve forest seed networks in Brazil, identifying four main actors involved. A significant concentration of these networks was evident in the Center-West and Southeast regions of the country, with a significant diversity of native species from the Cerrado, Atlantic Forest and Amazon biomes. The main research institutions and non-governmental organizations were highlighted as the main actors involved in this context.
Diversidade genética de Schizolobium parahyba var. Amazonicum via biometria de sementes
(2019-12-05) Oliveira, Divani de Carvalho; Gallo, Ricardo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5160912065817980; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4412602011492691
Morphometric analyzes in forest seeds can generate relevant information that help in breeding programs, indicating genetic variability among individuals of the same species. Knowing the genetic characteristics of parica seeds (Schizolobium parahyba var. Amazonicum (Huber ex Ducke) Barneby) helps in choosing materials with desirable characteristics to be used in breeding programs, seeking to obtain greater productive potential and may contribute to the advancement of breeding genetic of the species. The objective of this study was to characterize genetic diversity by biometric seed evaluation of S. parahyba var. amazonicum. The seeds were collected in the municipality of Paranaita, Mato Grosso, in forest fragments. Subsequently, 424 seeds from the 6 mother trees were analyzed. The characteristics evaluated were length, width, thickness and weight. The analysis of variance was performed on the collected data and the averages were compared with each other by the Scott-Knott clustering test at the 5% probability level. Genetic dissimilarity was verified by the generalized Mahalanobis distance using the Unweighted Pair Group Mean Average (UPGMA) method, Tocher optimization, canonical variables (VC) and character importance. The results showed great genotypic diversity for the evaluated seeds (especially seed thickness and width), and it was possible to group the mother trees. The result of cluster analysis based on the generalized distance of Mahalanobis (D2) by the Tocher optimization method, showed the formation of two distinct groups, such result reveals a great genetic diversity among the studied genotypes. According to the selective accuracy, it was possible to verify that the methodology used was adequate and of very high selective accuracy. Thus, it was verified that the parica matrices have great potential for use in breeding programs and to highlight seed collection areas.
Efeito de espécies de Trichoderma no controle de fungos endofíticos em sementes de Mamona
(1997) Assis, Tereza Cristina de; Menezes, Maria
Sementes de quatro cultivares de mamona (Sipeal-28, Sipeal 06, Sipeal sm-2 e Amarela de lrecê-1) foram avaliadas quanto a presença de fungos endofíticos e a possibilidade de controle através do emprego dos isolados de Trichoderma: T. viride (TR2, TR3, TR4), T. harzianum (T.25), T. polysporum (T.11), T. Koningii (T.15). Em todas as cultivares estudadas o gênero Fusarium foi detectado em alta percentage, como Amarela de lrecê-1 (78,57%), Sipeal sm-2 (55,07), Sipeal-06 (10,96%) e Sipeal-28 (6,77%). Dentro do gênero, foram encontradas quatro especies: F. oxysporum, F. equiseti, F. semitectum e F. moniliforme. Estas espécies mostraram-se patogênicas quando inoculadas em plantas jovens de mamona, cultivar Sipeal-06. O tratamento das sementes com as espécies de Trichoderma spp. controlou os fungos endofíticos, mas em alguns casos, a germinação foi reduzida, principalmente, quando T. koningii foi aplicado. Entretanto, o isolado T. viride (TR4) não somente inibiu o crescimento dos fungos endofíticos de sementes de mamona, como também induziu uma melhor germinação, em relação aos demais Isolados do antagonista.
Efeito de Trichoderma no biocontrole de Myrothecium roridum e na germinação de sementes de melão e caracterização isoesterásica do antagonista
(1997) Machado, Maria do Carmo Veloso; Menezes, Maria
Seis isolados de Trichoderma: T. koningii (TI 5); T. harzianum (25); T. viride (TR2, TM, TF ET e TSM) aplicados individualmente e em mistura, dois a dois, foram testados no biocontrole de M. roridum, um novo patógeno causador de cancro na base da haste da planta e podridão de frutos de melão. A ação dos antagonistas foi avaliada através do tratamento de sementes por via úmida, empregando-se uma suspensão de esporos pelo método de aspersão e imersão. As avaliações foram efetuadas no 7º dia de incubação sendo calculada o efeito de Trichoderma sobre a inibição do crescimento de M. roridum, bem como observado a influência desses tratamentos sobre a germinação das sementes. De um modo geral, o efeito dos isolados de Trichoderma individualmente foi melhor na redução do crescimento de M. roridum do que a mistura dos isolados nos dois métodos aplicados. Os tratamentos por via úmida em ação individual não afetaram a germinação, o que não ocorreu na combinação de Trichoderma, que apresentou germinação deficiente. A caracterização dos isolados, através da análise eletroforética, mostrou comportamento semelhante com relação ao número de bandas de esterase, intensidade e mobilidade relativa entre os isolados; TR2, TPET, TSM e T25. O isolado TM, embora previamente identificado como T. viride tela morfologia, mostrou ser diferente com três bandas de esterase, enquanto os demais houve predominância de duas bandas, exceto T15 que apresentou apenas uma banda de esterase.
Efeitos do tamanho de vagens na germinação e vigor de sementes de pau ferro (Caesalpinia ferrea Mart.)
(2018-02-22) Silva, Júlio César de Almeida; Gonçalves, Edilma Pereira; Ferreira, Débora Teresa da Rocha Gomes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1123517464184162; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2026865787481365; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5083282435990912
The Caesalpinia ferrea Mart, known as jucá or pau-ferro, is used in folk medicine for its therapeutic properties in the treatment of wounds, bruises, asthma, and chronic cough. In recent years, there has been a great advance in the field of study on seed analysis of native species. However, it is still incipient for several forest species, mainly regarding the basic characteristics of the seeds, the light effect and the depth in the germination process. The experiments were carried out in the Laboratory of Seed Analysis at the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco - Academic Unity of Garanhuns (UFRPE - UAG), in order to verify the influence of the different sizes of fruits on the germination, vigor and sowing depth of Caesalpinia ferrea. The fruits were harvested in the municipality of Paranatama - PE and classified into two lots: batch 1 (Large fruits) and batch 2 (Small fruits). After the harvest, fruit and seed biometry, water content, thousand seed weight, electrical conductivity, ethereal extract, germination and light test, and depth test were performed. For the germination and luminosity test, 200 seeds were used, consisting of four replicates of 50 seeds for each batch in the presence and absence of light, in which were determined the percentage of germination, the length of the shoot and root of seedlings, and the total dry mass of normal seedlings. For the depth test, the experiment was consisted of 4 treatments (0.0, 2.0, 4.0 and 6.0 cm) with 4 replicates of 10 seeds for each batch. The differences verified for the biometry of fruits and seeds have as main cause the genetic variability of the matrices. Seeds behaved as neutral photoblastic for the two lots under study, with interactions between seed size and germination speed index, and root length and total dry mass. The best seeding depth for seeds from large fruits was 3.52 cm, and 3.61 cm for small fruits.
Estágio supervisionado obrigatório na Agroseiva Comércio Agropecuário Ltda
(2019-07-12) Silva, Carlos Antônio Martinelly da; Silva, Mairon Moura da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7221534109119948
Estágio supervisionado obrigatório na Empresa J&H Sementes: cultura soja (Glycine max)
(2019-12-10) Felix, José Tarciso de Brito; Viana, Jeandson Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2151004858957292; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1408772711656160
This Compulsory Supervised Internship (ESO) report presents the activities that were carried out and tracked at the Jonh & Harold Seeds (J&H seeds) Seed Analysis Laboratory (LAS). J&H is a soybean and cotton seed multiplier company located in the far west region of Bahia, its Seed Processing Unit (UBS) is located on the highway BR 020, Km 21, s / n in Rosario district , Correntina - BA. The company has the best equipment technology for the production of high quality seeds, which are produced on the property, which also has cooperative members. In the seed analysis laboratory, the internal quality control of soybean is determined through paper germination (EP), emergence in the field, vigor testing and evaluation of soybean seed vigor by image analysis with the GroundEye® software. To carry out the tests, samples were collected (Liming), using limers, according to the Seed Analysis Rules (RAS) methodology. The activities performed at the Seed Analysis Laboratory were: Paper Germination Test (EP), Stamina Test and Image Analysis of vigor tests using GroundEye®. In the sheds were carried out the shipment of seed lots and sampling of materials for analysis. In the Industrial Seed Treatment Center, the steps were followed, as well as the preparation of the syrups used in the treatment of soybean and cotton seeds. The experience acquired during the internship period provided a unique opportunity to combine theoretical and practical knowledge, developing skills that are fundamental in a seed multiplier company, contributing in an enriching way to the professional training of an agronomist.
Estudo anatômico do tegumento de semente de orelha de negro
(1977) Lêdo, Álvaro Antônio Magalhães
Influência do armazenamento no vigor das sementes de alface crespa
(2022) Santos, Mirelly Gonzaga dos; Carvalho, Rejane Rodrigues da Costa e; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3307316028992311; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3394557194566234
Influência do tamanho da semente no vigor, em mudas de Guapuruvu (Schizolobium parahyba)
(1978) Lêdo, Álvaro Antônio Magalhães; Silva, José Antônio Aleixo da; Santos, Germi Porto
Este trabalho foi efetuado visando verificar o efeito do tamanho das sementes sobre o vigor e desenvolvimento inicial de mudas de Guapuruvu, pois se sementes de maior tamanho produzirem mudas mais vigorosas, a simples operação de separação das sementes por classe de tamanho, eliminando-se as menores, conseqüentemente refletirá na obtenção de mudas sadias e vigorosas, traduzindo- se em crescimento mais rápido e maior produtividade. Para este estudo foi escolhida a essência Guapuruvu (Sohisolobium parahyba), por ser considerada uma das espécies nativas mais promissoras, devido a seu rápido crescimento e retilinidade do fuste, tendo aplicações em caixas, forros .pranchetas, palitos, canoas, aeromodelismo, brinquedos e utensílios que requerem madeira leve, porém resistente ao ataque de insetos. Além disso fonte promissora para fabricação de papel e laminados, de acordo com RIZZINI.
O manejo da agrobiodiversidade e estratégias de conservação de sementes vegetais na Agroecologia
(2025-03-18) Silva, Ângela Rossana Costa da; Silva, Ana Cláudia de Lima; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1254542675743579; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2097284574561161
Este memorial apresenta a minha vivência e experiências durante os quatro anos de formação no curso de Bacharelado em Agroecologia, da Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), que iniciou no ano de 2021 e terminou no ano de 2025. O objetivo deste memorial é relatar a minha trajetória acadêmica por meio de uma análise reflexiva e sistemática dos principais aprendizados, desafios, eixos e temas abordados ao longo dos semestres. A metodologia utilizada baseou-se nas memórias acadêmicas revisitadas a partir do processo vivido, dos materiais produzidos e textos indicados durante o curso, possibilitando a construção de uma narrativa que integrasse os aspectos mais marcantes da formação. Os principais instrumentos utilizados foram os relatórios produzidos, as viagens de imersão, os arquivos audiovisuais, as aulas remotas, os cadernos e os registros das culminâncias. Este memorial é composto por três partes: na primeira parte, apresento a minha identidade, na qual descrevo de forma sintetizada os momentos da minha vida pessoal, tanto no estado no Rio Grande do Norte, como em Pernambuco, e a trajetória educacional, onde relato o início da minha vida educativa, a realização dos cursos técnicos e a minha entrada na universidade. Na segunda parte, trago a linha do tempo, destacando os desafios, os principais aprendizados, eixos e temas mais relevantes do primeiro ao oitavo período; os estágios supervisionados obrigatórios, realizados no primeiro e oitavo período; e os dois temas de aprofundamento, em diálogo com as experiências vividas e com os diferentes pontos de vista acerca dos temas. Na terceira e última parte, apresento o fechamento da minha trajetória acadêmica, retomando os desafios e os aprendizados, concluindo essa trajetória afirmando que a minha caminhada como agroecóloga e educadora continua no aprendizado, na partilha e na contribuição para a construção de uma sociedade mais justa e sustentável.
Plano de negócio de uma sementeira
(2019) Silva, Marcia Viana da; Corrêa, Maria Iraê de Souza; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9339401156849765