Participação de estudantes do turno noturno das escolas públicas nas aulas de Educação Física: um estudo transversal

Abstract

Physical Education (PE) is for many students one of the main opportunities for physical activity. The general objective of this study was to analyze the participation of students from public schools in the night shift in Physical Education classes and to describe the associated factors. The specific objectives were to verify the prevalence of participation of evening students in Physical Education classes and describe the demographic and health factors associated with their participation. The consulted literature included databases such as Scielo, Pubmed, and Google Scholar, as well as thesis papers. To collect the data, the National School Health Survey (PeNSE), developed by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) in 2015, was used. The cross-sectional study presented relevant results on the participation of evening students in Physical Education classes, contributing to the debate on the quality of physical education in schools. 1,208 evening students participated in the survey, with the proportion of male students (52.2%) being higher than that of female students (47.8%). The vast majority are over 17 years old (69.1%), identified as "pardos" (44.0%), and the largest proportion of students are from the southeast region, with approximately 29.5%. Regarding maternal education, 47.1% did not complete primary education. Half of the students (50.8%) worked while most attended high school (95.3%). It was observed that 64% of the sample reported participating in Physical Education classes, while 44.2% did not have classes. Regarding class time, 84% of students had only one class per week. Regarding self-perceived health, the majority (65.8%) rated it as very good or good. Regarding nutritional status, 73% of students were eutrophic, and 95.9% believed that physical activity is beneficial. However, regarding the total time of physical activity, more than half of the sample (72,6%) did not reach the minimum recommendation of 300 minutes or more. Regarding screen time, the majority (55%) reported spending up to 120 minutes per day, while for sitting time, 58.7% reported sitting for up to 120 minutes. Among eating habits, 62.9% of students reported eating fruits and 62.2% reported eating vegetables. The results indicated that students who reported good overall health and practiced physical activity outside of school were more likely to regularly participate in school physical activities.