03.1 - Graduação (UAST)
URI permanente desta comunidadehttps://arandu.ufrpe.br/handle/123456789/2926
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Item Utilização de substratos artificiais para o monitoramento de macroinvertebrados aquáticos no açude Cachoeira II, Serra Talhada – PE(2019-12-17) Coêlho, Thaynara Cristine Moraes; Oliveira, Cláudia Helena Cysneiros Matos de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1587027736201526; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7781135624514118The preservation of water bodies is an alternative to guarantee the sustainability of natural resources, being important in the elaboration of actions of preservation of the aquatic biodiversity and consequently ecological integrity of these water bodies. Periphyton is a group of great ecological importance in continental aquatic environments. Thus, these organisms have been used as bioindicators of water quality, as they respond to specific environmental conditions. For the observation of the colonization process and structuring of the community of this group within streams, it is recommended to use artificial substrates, allowing a greater control of variables such as area to be colonized, superficial substrate heterogeneity and time of colonization, providing a reliable and reliable analysis. of the tested effects on colonization, succession or even human impacts. This paper presents a chapter where the inventory of aquatic insects associated with artificial substrates and macrophytes Ludwigia helminthorrhiza and Egeria densa will be presented, comparing the composition of aquatic macroinvertebrates in the natural and artificial substrates in Cachoeira II, Serra Talhada, Pernambuco - PE reservoir, inferring about its use as instruments in the biomonitoring of water quality in this environment. To evaluate the composition of the community of aquatic insects monthly collections were carried out from September/19 to November/19. The insects were collected from the natural and artificial substrates manually and using aquatic entoological net at three collection points, with three treatments for each point (T1- Aquatic macrophytes freely present at the banks of the reservoir; T2 - PET bottle collectors containing inside it a polyethylene plant mime; T3 - Polyethylene plant mimes attached to the stakes). The samples were sorted in a sieve size (4.76 mm), fixed in 70% alcohol, and identified at species level through a magnifying glass. Subsequently, they were classified as to the degree of sensitivity to pollution using the BMWP (Biological Monitoring Working Party) index and to the trophic groups. Three 500 mL bottles of water were collected from each point in previously decontaminated containers and kept under refrigeration for further analysis of chemical parameters. In the vicinity of each collection point the abiotic water parameters were measured. The analysis of aquatic entomofauna data found on artificial and natural substrates was based on Margalef Biodiversity Index, Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index and Simpson Dominance Index. A total of 483 insects at different developmental stages (larva, nymph and adults) were collected throughout the research, distributed in 10 orders, 34 families, 38 genera and 15 species, besides the presence of ecdises, 857 mollusks, 11 shrimps and 5 spiders. Of this total, 266 insects were collected on artificial substrate distributed in 10 orders, 28 families, 29 genera and 10 species, in addition to 452 mollusks and 6 shrimps. Coleoptera and Hemiptera with eight families and Diptera with six were the most representative, being Hydrophilidae the most abundant family in both substrates. Predators will be more prominent among the aquatic insects found, which are bioindicators of good water quality because they require specific water parameters. The presence and dominance of Hydrophilidae can be justified by the fact that this family is among the most abundant in 9 lotic aquatic ecosystems and because they have disturbance sensitive species. Application of Margalef Biodiversity Index, Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index and Simpson Dominance Index indicated a high diversity and species richness. The BMWP Index characterized the environment with acceptable, dubious and polluted quality. Therefore, the results obtained indicate that the monitoring of aquatic environments provides extremely important information about the expansion of pollution in the environment, as well as evaluating the efficiency of measures taken to reduce or eliminate their source of contamination, in order to establish a biomonitoring program of this body of water, essential to supply the municipality of Serra Talhada-PE.Item Influência da tecnologia de biofloco na qualidade de água e desenvolvimento da larva de tilápia do Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus)(2019) Santos, Wagner Soares; Falcon, Dario Rocha; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9816735154471425The present work evaluated the cultivation of nile tilapia larva (Oreochromis niloticus) in bioflake technology. The cultivation of Nile tilapia larvae in bioflake technology was carried out at the Aquatic Organisms Experimentation Laboratory (LEOA), of the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE), during the period of 28 days. A completely randomized design was adopted with three treatments: bioflake and feed (BFT), clear water with feed (ACD) and non-feed bioflake (BFTs), with four replications per treatment. We used 12 tanks with a useful volume of 15 L of water. Larvae with initial weight 0.001 g were fed ration formulated according to the requirement for the species and processed in the LIONA, with a trawling frequency of 6 times a day and feeding rate of 10 of biomass. Fertilization stemming from daily molasses was performed to maintain the 15:1 (C:N) ratio. L-1), conductivity (S. cm-1), salinity (g L-1), pH, total dissolved solids, total ammoniacal nitrogen (N-NAT), nitrite (N-NO2), nitrate (N-NO3), inorganic phosphate (P-PO4), turbidity, sedimentable solids (SS) and alkalinity. Zootechnical performance of larvae was evaluated using the variables final weight (mg), survival (), apparent feed conversion factor (FCA), TCA (/ day), and condition factor (K). In the observation of the difference between treatments according to the decriminalanalysis of correct allocation of the group that was 96.80 with P < 0.0001. The best results were achieved in bft and acd treatments, when compared to bioflake without feed. Bioflake technology is a good alternative for the cultivation of nile tilapia larva, allowing the reduction of feed use, since productive performance was similar to the treatment that used clear water and feed.Item Frequência de parasitos em águas provenientes de bebedouros em instituições de ensino localizadas na cidade de Serra Talhada – PE(2019) Novaes, Amanda Teresa da Silva; Lima, Marilene Maria de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9135077184593725; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7702324894640501Water is an indispensable element in people's lives, but it can bring health risks. There are few studies on waterborne parasites, most of them reports on Coliform bacteria. Thus, parasitological analysis of water from drinking fountains plays a key role, as children, adolescents and young people spend most of their day in these educational institutions. Thus the objective of this work was to evaluate the contamination by parasites in waters from drinking fountains located in educational institutions in the city of Serra Talhada - PE. The experiment was based on the principles of the spontaneous sedimentation technique of Hoffman, Pons and Janer (1934). Thirty water samples were collected from ten educational institutions. The collection took place in the morning and was randomly drawn from both the water cooler and the tap, once collected were analyzed at the Biology Laboratory of the Rural Federal University of Pernambuco Serra Talhada Academic Unit (LABIOO). The results showed that 20% (6/30) of the samples showed positive results for protozoan, nematode and arthropod. According to the results it was also possible to observe the diversity among the drinking fountains in the educational institutions, as well as the observation of the conditions of these drinking fountains. It is concluded that there is a prevalence of parasites in drinking fountains belonging to educational institutions, and should be zero the amount of parasites found in water, since this is for human consumption.Item Análise microbiológica de água de torneiras residenciais no município de Serra Talhada-PE(2019) Gomes, Maryelle Adja de Freitas; Siqueira, Virgínia Medeiros de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5524459744893735; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0954723255699530Water can undergo chemical and biological variations along distribution systems, changing their quality when it reaches the consumer. This causes concern throughout, since inappropriate drinking water directly affects public health once water may act as a vehicle for pathogenic microorganisms of enteric origin. The objective of this study was to evaluate the microbiological quality of tap water in residences in five districts Serra Talhada-PE's municipality, as well as to analyze the effectiveness of alternative treatments such as filtration and chlorination. The samples were collected in pre-sterilized and aseptically flashed glass vials and were fractionated in three sub-samples: without treatment (ST), treated with sodium hypochlorite (T-NaCl) and filtration with microporous porcelain filters (T-Filt). All subsamples were submit to the research and quantification of total coliforms, thermotolerant coliforms and total bacteria, using methodology described by the American Public Health Association (APHA). For this, the technique of multi-tubes for 3 tubes and quantification by the Most Probable Number (NMP) and Colony Forming Units (CFU) were used. As results, two of the five subsamples (ST) presented quantification of 43 NMP and 23 NMP/mL for total coliforms, and of 7.4 NMP/mL and 3.6 NMP / mL for thermotolerant coliforms, thus being considered inappropriate human consumption according to Portaria 518/2004 of the Ministry of Health of Brazil. Regarding the analysis of total bacteria, no sample had CFU higher than 500 CFU / mL, being therefore within the required standard. The treatment with hypochlorite showed efficiency in the reduction of total bacteria, total coliforms and thermotolerant coliforms. Regarding filtration, there was an increase in microbial density in relation to the ST samples, indicating a possible contamination in the ceramic filters. However, for this same treatment (T-Filt), the results were negative for total and thermotolerant coliforms, indicating that this method was effective in the elimination of these microorganisms. It is assumed that the two samples that presented thermotolerant coliforms were contaminated by the reservoir of the residences, or the contamination comes from the pipelines of the supply network. In addition, alternative treatment using hypochlorite has proved effective and may be indicated for households that use tap water for human consumption.Item Atividades aquícolas no laboratório de experimentação de organismos aquáticos, UFRPE, UAST, Serra Talhada - PE(2018) Silva, Joyce Carla Carvalho da; Silva, Ugo Lima; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1858876631961029; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5764032184191409Item Compreendendo a associação de fatores bióticos e abióticos na larvicultura de tilápia (Oreochromis niloticus) em diferentes fotoperíodos(2019) Sousa, Valkiria Alves de; Souza, Luciana Sandra Bastos de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1186468548787818; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2552157766170811The increase in fish consumption makes it essential to design more efficient production systems, in this context, environmental modifications as is the case of photoperiod can contribute to this improvement. The tilapia responses to photoperiod were not well studied in the environmental conditions of the Brazilian semiarid and become important for the conception of more sustainable managements, management of natural resources (water) and maximization of the production system. Thus, it was considered the hypothesis that tilapia fingerlings respond positively to photoperiod. This study investigated the influence of photoperiod on the development and Association of biotic and abiotic factors in the larviculture of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in different photoperiods. The experiment was conducted between December 02, 2017 to January 02, 2018, in the experimentation with aquatic organisms, belonging to the Academic Unit of Serra Talhada (UAST) of the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE), Serra Talhada, Pernambuco. The tilapia Alevines initially presented weight, width and length equal to 0.018 ± 0.0047 g, 2.36 ± 0.16 mm and 10,57 ± 0.70 mm, respectively. The animals were fed six times a day (08:00, 10:00; 12:00; 14:00; 16:00 and 18:00) with commercial ration (55% of crude protein) equivalent to 2.5% of the biomass of the individuals. We used a completely randomized design with four treatments represented by the luminosity conditions: 0L: 24D, 12L: 12D (Control), 18L: 6D, 24L: 0D and four replications,where L (light) and D (dark). Abiotic factors were considered: temperature, conductivity, hydrogenionic potential, potential oxide reduction, total dissolved solids, dissolved and saturated oxygen. In turn, biotic factors were related to zootechnical parameters. Information related to water quality (temperature, dissolved oxygen, oxide reduction potential, conductivity and pH) were obtained daily in the morning and afternoon periods. Additionally, biometric analyses were performed throughout the experimentto determine the length, width and mass of the animal. This information was used to quantify the mass gain, specific growth rate and apparent feed conversion. The final number of individuals was also counted for the determination of the survival rate. The data were subjected to descriptive statistical analysis and analyses of variance, use of the main component technique and multiple regression model to estimate the weight gain of the alevines. Mass gain values of 0.1028 were observed; 0.1219; 0.1512 and 0.1746 for the treatments of 0l: 24D, 12L: 12D, 18L: 6D and 24L: 0D respectively. The photoperiod influenced the mass gain, and the light exposure of 18L: 6D and 24L: 0D promoted improvements in the survival rate and apparent feed conversion of the Alevinos. The mass gain of tilapia alevines was especially affected by dissolved and saturated oxygen, length and photoperiod.Item Efeito de fontes de carbono no berçário de camarão Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone, 1931) cultivado com tecnologia de biofloco no semiárido pernambucano(2018) Silva, Joyce Carla Carvalho da; Silva, Ugo Lima; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1858876631961029; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5764032184191409The objective of this work was to evaluate the cultivation of Litopenaeus vannamei shrimp during the nursery phase in a biofloque system and zero water exchange using molasses, wheat, cassava and sugar sources. The experiment was conducted at the Laboratory of Experimentation of Aquatic Organisms, Serra Talhada, PE, Brazil. The shrimp nursery was held during 45 days of cultivation. A total of 20 circular polyethylene tanks with an area of 0.05107 m2, supplied with 15 L were used, with no water renewal and constant aeration using radial compressor (120 W) and porous stones. It was adopted a completely randomized design with 5 treatments and 4 replicates, by adding four carbon sources: molasses (ME), sugar (AC), manioc starch (FM), wheat flour (FT) and a treatment control (CT) without the application of carbon sources.The carbon sources were applied daily in the treatments (ME, AC, FE and TR) in a ratio carbon (C) and nitrogen (N): 15: 1. L. vannamei post-larvae with a mean weight of 0.2 g were populated with 8 animals per culture tanks at a density of 156.6 shrimp / m2. The shrimp were fed daily at a frequency of 3 times daily with a commercial feed containing 40% crude protein. During the period of the experiment, the physicochemical variables of the water were monitored: temperature (° C), dissolved oxygen (mg / L), electrical conductivity (mS / cm), salinity (g / L),potential oxy-reduction (mV), total dissolved solids (mg / L), and Hydrogenion potential.The use of carbon sources did not influence the mean values of the physico-chemical variables of water quality, being satisfactory to the good development of the prawn larvae. At the end of the cultivation, the zootechnical performance with respect to survival, final biomass and feed conversion factor presented significantly better values with the use of cassava and wheat flour as carbon sources.Item Qualidade da água e reuso em experimentos aquícolas com tecnologia de biofloco(2018) Coêlho, Aureni Pereira; Silva, Ugo Lima; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1858876631961029; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8354389878126055The present study evaluated the reuse of water in four different experiments, where the first and second experiments were carried out with tilapia culture and third and fourth experiment with marine shrimp, respectively, with biofloc technology (BFT) in the raising and fattening stages of tilapia of the Nile (Oreochromis niloticus). Nursery and juvenile shrimp production (Litopenaeus vannamei). Water collection and analysis were carried outat the Laboratory of Experimentation with Aquatic Organisms at the facilities of the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco at the Serra Talhada Academic Unit in Serra Talhada, PE, Brazil. In the experiments with Nile tilapia were used 4 circular tanks ofglass fiber with capacity of 1000L with useful volume of 800L. In the experiments with marine shrimp, 4 circular polyethylene tanks with a capacity of 20L and a useful volume of 15L were used. Water quality was analyzed based on temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, and salinity. For the water analysis, total ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, alkalinity and total suspended solids were also monitored. The data were statistically analyzed at a significance level of 5%. All the physical-chemical variables presented significant difference after their reuse, with the exception of ammonia. The reuse of the water presented chemical modifications throughout its uses. However, it can be concluded that it is possible to re-use it in other crops with very small replenishments, provided that there is adequate monitoring and management throughout the crop so that the physicochemical and biological variables of the water remain in line with that recommended for the species.