05.1 - Graduação (UACSA)
URI permanente desta comunidadehttps://arandu.ufrpe.br/handle/123456789/2909
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Item Alternativas de controle aplicadas ao sistema de propulsão de veículos elétricos(2025-03-13) Macêdo Neto, João Pedro de; Cervantes, Ania Lussón; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5793691069517813; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5816830365314607Há décadas os veículos elétricos vêm chamando a atenção dos produtores e condutores de automóveis. As suas vantagens, principalmente em relação a emissão de gases poluentes, fizeram destes uma alternativa sempre a ser considerada para a substituição dos carros que fazem uso do motor a combustão. Assim como esses, os veículos elétricos são compostos por diversos sistemas, um deles, de extrema importância, é o sistema de propulsão que é composto basicamente pelo motor, conversor de potência e o controlador, de modo que os estudos a respeito dos automóveis se concentram na maioria das vezes na modelagem e simulação desse sistema. Nesse contexto, o presente trabalho tem por objetivo realizar a modelagem e controle do sistema de propulsão de um veículo elétrico, apresentando diferentes estratégias de controle e uma comparação entre elas. Para isso, foram elaborados os modelos dinâmicos do veículo para um movimento longitudinal e do motor de indução trifásico, bem como o modelo do conversor usado para fazer o acionamento do motor junto ao seu sistema de controle. O motor de indução usado no veículo é acionado por meio de um inversor de frequência, que sintetiza a tensão alternada para a máquina através da Modulação por Largura de Pulso. Para o controle de velocidade do motor, como alternativas são apresentadas o controle escalar, Fuzzy e preditivo. Para o emprego do controle escalar, é utilizado um controlador Proporcional-Integral na velocidade de referência. Junto a esse sistema de controle é acrescentado ainda um controlador Fuzzy com intuito de otimizar a resposta do sistema. Além disso, utilizando os conceitos do controle vetorial orientado por campo, se desenvolve um controlador preditivo para a velocidade do motor, mediante a técnica de controle preditivo de Torque e Fluxo. Os resultados das simulações demonstram a eficácia dos controladores, destacando-se com um desempenho satisfatório o controle Fuzzy e o preditivo no controle de velocidade do motor. As simulações foram realizadas por meio do software Matlab.Item Estudo de métodos para o dimensionamento do sistema de armazenamento de energia de um veículo elétrico tipo fórmula(2024-03-05) Alves, Adriany Fabrícia Silva; Araújo, Marcel Ayres de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0669410110930611; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3796261196279460Faced with the need to reduce carbon dioxide emissions and increasingly reduce the fleet of gasoline vehicles, among other petroleum derivatives, in an attempt to mitigate the damage caused by pollution to the environment, the implementation of Electric Vehicles (EVs). They are a general concept of means of transport that takes advantage of the electric motor as the traction actuator, and one of the main types of EVs are those that use batteries as an energy storage system, also known as BEVs (Battery Electric Vehicles). BEVs are considered a solution that has the potential to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions and reduce the use of oil in the transport sector, avoiding energy crises. EVs present a technological evolution of transforming electrical energy into movement, which consequently has increased interest in electric propulsion for automobiles in recent years. They are designed to be competitive in terms of cost-benefit with conventional vehicles in the coming years. Given its importance, this work addresses a significant context of growth in the battery electric vehicle fleet in Brazil, from its technological characteristics, challenges, potential problems and benefits, through its energy transmission system, and its operating dynamics. After the theoretical foundations and all bibliographical references researched, the main objective is to study the sizing of this storage system aimed at BEVs applied to a formula-type EV. As a result, this study developed a detailed methodology for sizing formula-type vehicle power, force and energy, based on an in-depth analysis of the electric vehicle routing problem, exploring its different variants and possible solution approaches. Next, proceed to sizing the battery pack using a series-parallel configuration used to supply the ordinary power. Finally, the battery selection was carried out through MCDA statistical analysis using the AHP-Gaussian and AHP-Gaussian with Pearson Correlation method, resulting in the choice of the SLPBA096235 cell as the discovered technology, which declared nominal values in agreement and compatible with the main specificities related to formula-type EVs for the scaled system.Item Impactos, oportunidades e perspectivas para a implementação da eletrificação dos meios de transporte no Brasil(2024-03-07) Siqueira, Breno Filipe Andrade Lima de; Neto, Fernando Gonçalves de Almeida; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0473869396914603; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1256466512019055Technological advancements associated with mobility, growing concerns regarding energy resource scarcity, studies and perspectives on global climate change, and discussions related to environmental preservation have underscored the need for modernizing transportation methods that align with less environmentally aggressive actions, paving the way for electromobility technologies. In this context, this paper addresses the importance of electric mobility as a response to the challenges of climate change and the need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Additionally, it discusses the impacts, opportunities, and prospects for implementing the electrification of transportation in Brazil, from the perspective of the impacts of guiding public policies for its implementation, including tax incentives, subsidies, regulations, and standards. Methodologically, the study was based on a qualitative research approach, conducted through consulting academic studies, technical reports, statistical data, public policies, and governmental documents related to the electrification of transportation. The results reveal that Brazil is moving at a slower pace in regulating electric mobility compared to countries such as China, the United States, and countries in the European Union, but it remains a niche with great potential for expansion and consolidation of electromobility- associated technologies. Based on the study conducted, this paper highlights practical implications and possible future directions for the adoption and promotion of electric mobility, considering the experiences of countries that are more advanced in adopting electric mobility as an alternative to combustion vehicles.Item Método de dimensionamento e seleção de baterias para o sistema de armazenamento de energia de um veículo elétrico(2022-07-14) Lira Júnior, Mário Henrique de Oliveira; Gomes, Flávio da Silva Vitorino; Araújo, Marcel Ayres de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0669410110930611; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3701230748191590; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9895111503369969The design of a battery bank that satisfies the specific demands and range requirements of electric vehicles is a complex project and requires a lot of attention. For this sizing, requirements are used that encompass the characteristics of the batteries and provide which type of battery cell is most indicated, as well as the best arrangement for them. In this context, this work attempts to develop a battery sizing and selection method for the energy storage system of a pure electric vehicle based on the analysis of the vehicle energy demand information and the specificity of the battery technologies. The results demonstrate that the method assists in the decision making process, indicating the most appropriate type of battery cell, as well as the arrangement form and main characteristics of the battery energy storage system.