Bacharelado em Ciências Biológicas (UAST)
URI permanente desta comunidadehttps://arandu.ufrpe.br/handle/123456789/2931
Siglas das Coleções:
APP - Artigo Publicado em Periódico
TAE - Trabalho Apresentado em Evento
TCC - Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso
Navegar
Item Ambiente marinho: percepção ambiental dos estudantes do ensino fundamental II de uma escola pública do sertão de Pernambuco(2018-08-28) Magalhães, Géssica Natália de Moura; Andrade, Luciana de Matos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2869096516724379The studies focused on the understanding of environmental perception among students are indispensable, since they enable the researcher to understand how the student perceives the environment, as well as serve to convey information about its operation. The present study aimed to evaluate the marine environmental perception of Junior High School students (6th to 9th grade) of a public state school in Serra Talhada's county, PE, using the techniques of children's graphics. Data collection took place in November and December 2017, with 44 Junior High School students (6th to 9th grade), enrolled in a state public school, located in Serra Talhada's county, PE. The methodological procedure consisted of three stages: 1. Performing children's artwork; 2. Educational action "lecture"; 3. New realization of children's drawings. The marine environmental perception of the evaluated students in Serra Talhada-PE is Naturalistic / Naturalizing and Globalizing / Integrated this reflects a vision of the untouched nature and even if the man is in this environmental scenario his participation must be based on environmental sustainability. The geographical position of the municipality of Serra Talhada-PE seems to influence the marine environmental perception of the evaluated students who see the sea only with its natural faunistic and floristic aspects as if they were in a parallel world in a decontextualized reality and when coming in contact with the information of this one project began to perceive a reality previously unknown and to demonstrate through the children's drawing the participation of man in a sustainable way, as well as his anthropogenic actions. The educational lecture about the marine environment promoted after the elaboration of the first drawings, without any previous contact or supply of any information on oceanography given in this project, made understand the marine universe of the students and from this, to improve their knowledge, since only after the second drawings could be seen as future agents multiplying environmental sustainability. However, it is essential to emphasize from experience that research with environmental perception needs to aggregate several instruments of data collection in order to perceive, understand and feel the relationships that human beings have with the environment.Item Análise da composição faunística de besouros rola-bosta (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) em áreas de cerrado no estado do Mato Grosso(2022-05-26) Souza, Maria Beatriz Nunes de; Silva, Fernando Augusto Barbosa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1447568762723987; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3605375135079871Dung beetles are detritivorous insects that feed mainly on feces and dead animals and also use them as a resource for nesting. They are widely distributed in the world and in Brazil and are extremely important as bioindicators, in biological control, in seed dispersal, nutrient cycling, aeration and soil hydration. Because they are sensitive to the environment, local changes such as loss of habitat and changes in microclimate can negatively impact their faunal composition, causing species decline and instability in the community and the environment. The objective of this work was to study the assemblage of beetles of the subfamily Scarabaeinae in different areas of the Cerrado that will be subjected to the direct and indirect influence of agricultural activities in the state of Mato Grosso due to the installation of an enterprise, characterizing the composition, richness and abundance of these beetles. beetles and comparatively analyzing these parameters between the studied areas. Two monitoring campaigns were carried out at the Aparecida da Serra farm, in the municipality of Tangará da Serra - MT, in March and July 2018. The beetles were collected at three points (P) distributed in the site corresponding to the areas that will be impacted when the enterprise is installed, representing the treatments: P1 = Area to be Directly Affected (ADA), P2 = Area of Direct Influence (AID) and P3 = Area of Indirect Influence (AII). For the collection, pitfall-type pitfall traps were used, which were distributed into two sampling units per point, placing three traps in each unit, totaling 18 traps per campaign. After 48 hours, the traps were removed from the field. The captured insects were placed in plastic bags containing 70% ethanol and taken to the laboratory for the routine procedures of sorting, drying and identifying the specimens. A total of 1,234 individuals were collected, distributed in 36 species and 14 genera. P1 had a significantly higher number of recorded species (25 species) among the analyzed treatments, while in P2 and P3 this number was similar, each with 13 species. The most representative species when all treatments and campaigns were analyzed together were Canthidium aff. barbacenicum, Onthophagus sp.2, Ontherus dentatus and Canthidium sp.2. There was a significant difference in the number of species recorded in the two campaigns between the treatments analyzed. There was no significant environmental disturbance when analyzing the species composition of the analyzed areas. Regarding the conservation value, the Area to be Directly Affected by the project (P1) presented a better conservation value, however the presence of Dichotomus paresi (considered a rare species) in the other areas (P2 and P3) increases the conservation value of these places , based on this, measures were suggested for better management and local conservation.Item Análise da percepção antrópica ambiental relacionado ao uso da energia solar fotovoltaica(2022-05-27) Vieira, Tainá Vicência dos Santos; Medeiros, Daniel Portela Wanderley de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8861961336552382; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5370346283219779The energy produced by sunlight has simpler electricity production processes than obtaining energy through the conventional process. In this sense, the number of people seeking to use natural resources has increased. With this scenario, the need to use sustainable energy is paramount to reduce environmental impacts. The general objective of the present research is to analyze the studies on the anthropic environmental perception applied in questionnaires, compiling qualitative studies on the benefits/harms of photovoltaic solar energy, based on the research found. It was observed that the interviewees had little knowledge about the use of photovoltaic energy, citing only its benefits, considered an economically viable source of energy and that guaranteed benefits to the environment. The gender and age range of respondents vary throughout the survey, with some being predominantly male and others predominantly female, aged between 14 and 60 years. Both surveys found some similar answers, it appears that solar energy is on the rise, as it is less harmful to the environment, especially when it comes to polluting waste such as carbon dioxide (CO²), citing that the cost reduction of plates is one of the biggest advantages for the photovoltaic solar energy sector. However, further research and further analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of using this photovoltaic energy source are needed to improve recovery from environmental degradation and reduce environmental impact.Item Análise das espécies de tubarões capturadas por espinhel pelágico de superfície com lançamento diurno e noturno no período de 2004 a 2011(2022-10-06) Cavalcante, Allyne Mayalle Rodrigues Carvalho; Santos, José Carlos Pacheco dos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2185193566880590Pelagic longline fishing has been present complementing Brazilian economy since the 1950's and has become increasingly established. Although it is considered selective, this modality of fishing reaches both target and non-target species. The main species incidentally caught by longlines are seabirds, marine mammals, turtles and sharks. Considering the vulnerability of sharks, as well as their ecological importance for marine ecosystems this present work aimed to analyse whether there are differences in catches number for diurnal and nocturnal releases in pelagic longline fisheries. The analyses were performed using a database and from these CPUE and EFFORT calculations were made. The results obtained showed that nocturnal launches are more efficient in capturing target and non-target species. In addition to the higher number of catches of species such as Xiphias gladius, Thunnus alalunga and Thunnus obesus, which species of great economic return, catches of vulnerable, threatened and critically endangered species are also observed whose makes this fishing technique even more harmful to marine ecosystems and fragile niches. We conclude that nocturnal launches are an alternative to increase fisheries production in face to increasingly scarce resources the environmental impact generated by these habits may be even more significant than the possible economic returns.Item Análise de lacases de microrganismos com aplicações em biorremediação usando ferramentas de bioinformática(2022-10-21) Silva, Andrey Giordane Costa; Buarque, Diego de Souza; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7609652740088882; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8075252796586989The improper disposal and dumping of household waste, industrial waste, electronic waste, fertilizers, pesticides can elevate environmental concentrations of contaminants that cause significant impacts on human health and biodiversity. Given this problem, the development of technologies that assist in the environmental treatment of sites contaminated by these xenobiotics is of great importance. An applicable method for environmental remediation is biodegradation by enzymatic catalysis. Fungal lacases (in particular those of the genus Trametes) have a great potential for application in the area of wastewater treatment and bioremediation. Thus, a sequence analysis becomes important for the determination of lacases from some microorganisms. For this, we used the 1KYA, which represents the code of an active lacase structure from T. versicolor present in the Protein Data Bank (PDB). This structure is complexed to the ligand 2,5-xylidine, which is derived from commercially used solvents. Through this analysis, it is possible to understand structural factors important for the enzyme to detoxify environmentally harmful compounds, such as 2,5-xylidine. The structures and binding sites were analyzed using the BIOVIA Discovery Studio Visualizer 2021 program, where we were able to identify the amino acid residues and bonds that are part of the lacase 1KYA site that interact with 2,5-xylidine. To identify important structural factors in the sequences of lacases from microorganisms, a comparison was made in the primary sequence of the active lacase (1KYA) with a known sequence of the lacase from Trametes versicolor to determine what would be the degree of homology between them and if all amino acids that are part of the active site identified. By checking the degree of homology between different types of lacases from different organisms, it was possible to identify sequences of 16 microorganisms with a percentage equal to or greater than 79.56%. In addition, it was possible to identify the amino acid residues conserved in lacases from different organisms and the residues that changed among the sequences of this enzyme.Item Análise de temperatura de incubação dos ninhos de Eretmochelys imbricata (linnaeus, 1766) no litoral sul de Pernambuco, Brasil.(2023-04-19) Morais, Wanubia Antas de; Silva, Francisco Marcante Santana da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4286692304867555The present study aimed to analyze the influence of incubation temperature on the nests of Eretmochelys imbricata (Linnaeus, 1766), on the beaches of the south coast of Ipojuca-PE, correlating with abiotic parameters (rainfall and relative humidity), reproductive success, incubation time and characterization of the nest area. Quantitative data from the nests were collected during the 2021/2022 breeding season between January and March, on the beaches of Cupe and Merepe, in this locality. The season had six monitored nests with their variation measured using data loggers of the Onset Computer model (UA-001-08). For these nests, a total of 849 eggs were deposited, of which 526 hatchlings emerged, with a hatching success rate of 57%. For the analyzed data, an average of 53 days was obtained for the incubation period, in which the average temperature of the nests in the interval from the 1st to the 20th, from the 21th to the 40th and from the 41st until hatching of the chicks were respectively 31.25°C, 32.36°C and 32.42°C. The pivotal temperature for the species is 29.2°C and 29.6°C. As for the characterization of the nesting area, only 2 nests were found close to the vegetation area; With regard to rainfall during the monitored weeks, there were significant variations in the average daily rainfall between the first week and the fourth week recorded, with the rainfall index being 19.4 mm and 1.10 mm, respectively. The results obtained indicated the need to invest more and more studies of temperature monitoring in the nests in the long term, where they demonstrated a significant influence on the estimation of neonates that can be born females of the species E. imbricata in the south coast of Pernambuco.Item Análise estrutural e uso de lacase de camarão para a degradação de antraceno(2022-10-19) Silva, Larissa Celestino da; Buarque, Diego de Souza; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7609652740088882; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5589996843765879Through the large population growth and technological development, the use of natural resources has become increasingly present and constant, also causing concerns, measures and solutions related to the environment. In this context, the oil spill has affected aquatic ecosystems. Furthermore, petroleum comprises a series of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, which are not very volatile and are deposited at the bottom of aquatic environments. Therefore, the use of laccase enzymes can be used to combat petroleum hydrocarbons. The structure of the L. vannamei laccase showed conserved domains characteristic of this enzyme, such as those that are important for copper centers, since they are responsible for carrying out the oxidation of aromatic compounds. In addition, the sequence of this enzyme showed a higher percentage of identity when compared to the laccases of other organisms, this fact can be characterized due to the number of identical positions existing between their amino acid sequences. The present work addressed the use of bioinformatics tools to understand the structure of the laccase and, consequently, test the activity of the enzyme in the degradation of the anthracene hydrocarbon.Item Análise microbiológica de água de torneiras residenciais no município de Serra Talhada-PE(2019) Gomes, Maryelle Adja de Freitas; Siqueira, Virgínia Medeiros de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5524459744893735; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0954723255699530Water can undergo chemical and biological variations along distribution systems, changing their quality when it reaches the consumer. This causes concern throughout, since inappropriate drinking water directly affects public health once water may act as a vehicle for pathogenic microorganisms of enteric origin. The objective of this study was to evaluate the microbiological quality of tap water in residences in five districts Serra Talhada-PE's municipality, as well as to analyze the effectiveness of alternative treatments such as filtration and chlorination. The samples were collected in pre-sterilized and aseptically flashed glass vials and were fractionated in three sub-samples: without treatment (ST), treated with sodium hypochlorite (T-NaCl) and filtration with microporous porcelain filters (T-Filt). All subsamples were submit to the research and quantification of total coliforms, thermotolerant coliforms and total bacteria, using methodology described by the American Public Health Association (APHA). For this, the technique of multi-tubes for 3 tubes and quantification by the Most Probable Number (NMP) and Colony Forming Units (CFU) were used. As results, two of the five subsamples (ST) presented quantification of 43 NMP and 23 NMP/mL for total coliforms, and of 7.4 NMP/mL and 3.6 NMP / mL for thermotolerant coliforms, thus being considered inappropriate human consumption according to Portaria 518/2004 of the Ministry of Health of Brazil. Regarding the analysis of total bacteria, no sample had CFU higher than 500 CFU / mL, being therefore within the required standard. The treatment with hypochlorite showed efficiency in the reduction of total bacteria, total coliforms and thermotolerant coliforms. Regarding filtration, there was an increase in microbial density in relation to the ST samples, indicating a possible contamination in the ceramic filters. However, for this same treatment (T-Filt), the results were negative for total and thermotolerant coliforms, indicating that this method was effective in the elimination of these microorganisms. It is assumed that the two samples that presented thermotolerant coliforms were contaminated by the reservoir of the residences, or the contamination comes from the pipelines of the supply network. In addition, alternative treatment using hypochlorite has proved effective and may be indicated for households that use tap water for human consumption.Item Análise parasitológica de cultivares de uvas (Vitis spp.), comercializadas em diferentes locais na cidade de Serra Talhada, Pernambuco(2024-03-07) Cavalcanti, Amanda de Brito; Lima, Marilene Maria de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9135077184593725; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2411545060419950Currently, there is an increase in the consumption of fresh foods due to the population's growing search for a healthier diet. However, the quality of these foods in terms of microbiological health is a concern, as they may represent a significant means of transmission of enteroparasites. The present study aimed to investigate the occurrence of parasites in grape samples, sold in different locations in the city of Serra Talhada. The collection period took place between July and December 2023, with the analysis of grape samples (Vitis spp.) carried out at the Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, at the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco. In total, 28 samples of grapes were analyzed from 14 commercial establishments, including greengrocers, street markets and supermarkets. Of the samples analyzed, parasitic structures such as insects, mite eggs and mites were found. Given the results obtained, it was concluded that parasitic structures are present in grapes sold in the city of Serra Talhada, however additional studies are necessary, expanding the sample size and using more than one diagnostic method.Item Aplicação da energia solar diante às tecnologias sustentáveis e sua viabilidade econômica(2022-06-03) Lima, Kathleen de Souza; Medeiros, Daniel Portela Wanderley de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8861961336552382; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5177348184289948The sun is the most abundant and intense source of energy within Earth's reach. The need to generate energy followed the evolution of the human race and peaked when, in the Industrial Revolution, people began to burn fossil fuels to generate energy. Currently, a lot is invested in forms of renewable energy generation, that is, that harm the environment less, so with the advancement of technology it is possible to use the sun as a source of clean and inexhaustible electrical energy. Currently, based on ABSOLAR's infographics, the use of photovoltaic solar energy has been one of the main sources of clean energy that began to develop exponentially since 2012 in Brazil. For these reasons, the objective was to elaborate a historical context on the application of solar energy and its viability in terms of sustainable development, economic viability and technological innovations, through the hypothesis that photovoltaic solar energy can be used as the best alternative for generating electricity. electricity from renewable sources. The work is a literature review and is included in the category of qualitative research. Data from 30 articles and two relevant websites (ONS and EPE) were selected through the use of theoretical references already published in books, magazines, scientific articles and websites, which were published between 2010 and 2022. In view of this study, the following questions arise: Can the solar resource supply all of humanity's energy demand? Why does photovoltaic solar energy stand out and tend to grow so much if it still occupies the 4th position in 2022? Why in Brazil there is still no industrial park for the production of solar panels and inverters? Through these analyzes it can be concluded that photovoltaic solar energy is a clean source and that its generation process, in addition to not producing waste, does not release residual heat, so that it does not change the balance of the biosphere and does not cover any type of pollution, clearly contributing to the preservation of our environment, also contributing to sustainable and economic development, where its acquisition becomes more and more viable.Item Associação entre fungos e abelhas-sem-ferrão do semiárido de Pernambuco(2021-06-25) Silva, Aparecida Clébia da; Carvalho, Airton Torres; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5995654016063333; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3574387196330564Throughout the evolution of species, insects and fungi have developed important mutualistic interactions, in which both benefit. An interesting example is the bee of the genus Scaptotrigona spp. (Hymenoptera: Apidae, Meliponini), in which a species of fungus Zygosaccharomycessp. develop and produce important metabolites for the growth of immatures, being essential for the insect to complete its life cycle. In this context, the objective was to investigate the presence of filamentous fungi, associated with larval food, in brood cells with larvae at different stages of development in colonies of Scaptotrigona sp. tubiba group, in Caatinga areas of the state of Pernambuco. The collections were carried out in five colonies in 10 brood cells, being numbered from 1 to 10, in which 1 to 5 were collected in cells with developing larvae, from 6 to 7 only with larval food and egg and from 8 to 10 developed larvae. The samples were solubilized in sterile water and seeded on three culture media for isolation Sabouraud Agar (SAB), Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) and Potato Dextrose Agar with an additional 15% of glucose (15% PDA). After five days of incubation at 28 ºC, 19 isolates were selected based on morphotypes. Amongst these, 3 were identified at the genus level, being a Fusarium, a Cladosporium and an Arcopilus, which was submitted to macro and micromorphological characterization for presenting characteristics similar to a species described in the literature. Subsequently, the growth capacity of Arcopilus sp. in four different conditions: pure larval feed, larval feed plus distilled water (1:1; v/v), Sabouraud broth and distilled water plus 1% glucose in wells of ELIZA plates. The greatest growth was observed in wells that were seeded with larval feed diluted in distilled water. The presence of Monascus sp. in larval food samples of Scaptotrigona sp. studied. The other isolates were stored for later identification of the species and it is expected that these fungi may actually be essential in the bee nests of this species.Item Atividade antibacteriana do óleo essencial de Croton tetradenius Baill frente a espécies de bactérias patogênicas(2019) Silva, Maria Aliny Nathalia Almeida; Silva, Ana Luiza da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4162831591004569; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1069558787287430Medicinal plants of northeastern Caatinga are widely used in folk medicine by local communities, due to the therapeutic potential they present. Bacterial resistance to multiple drugs has increased in recently due to the indiscriminate use of antibiotics, generating the need for new broad spectrum drugs. Essential oils are known to be complex mixtures of volatile, lipophilic and odorous organic compounds that have numerous constituents due to secondary metabolites. This work aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of Croton tetradenius (Euphorbiaceae) essential oil collected in the municipality of Triunfo-PE, obtained from the leaves by the hydrodistillation process. The evaluation was made by the paper disc diffusion method, in Petri plates, containing the MüellerHinton Agar medium, sown with bacterial suspensions previously adjusted to a 0.5 of the Mac Farland scale of three isolates. Discs containing 10 L and 15 L of the undiluted essential oil were added to the plates and incubated at 36 °C for 24 hours. Paper discs with the antibiotic Amikacin 30 μg/disc were used as positive control. The tests were performed in triplicates and the inhibition halos established in the average of the halos measured for each species of bacteria. The results show that Croton tetradenius essential oil has antimicrobial activity against the tested isolates Staphylococus aureus and Escherichia coli, except for Klebsiella pneumoniae which was resistant to the tested essential oil.Item Atividade antimicrobiana de probióticos comerciais frente à enterobactérias prejudiciais ao homem(2018) Santos, Larissa da Conceição; Costa, Cynthia Maria Carneiro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9859547718446795; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1738865984772199Probiotics are supplements of living microorganisms that confer benefits to the host. As a result of some change in the intestinal microbiota, probiotics are prescribed in an attempt to reverse imbalances caused by possible opportunistic pathogenic bacteria. Thus, in order to know the potential of probiotics marketed in pharmacy, Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Floratil®) Saccharomyces boulardii(Florax®) Bacillus cereus(Biovicerin®) and Bacillus clausii(Enterogermina®) was quantified in solid medium and compare with the manufacturer, to test the antimicrobial activity of probiotics individually, as well as the association of these with Lactobacillussp. (Isis ® fermented milk) in solid and liquid media against enterobacteria. The colony forming units count (UFC / mL) was performed by serial dilution and sowing in Petri dishes with Nutrient Agar (for bacteria) and Sabouraud Agar (for yeasts). The Petri dishes were incubated at 30 ° C for 24 and 48 hours for the growth of bacteria and yeasts and then quantification of the plaques that presented between 20 and 200 CFU / mL. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated from the growth of probiotics individually and their association with Lactobacillussp. in solid medium by the agar diffusion technique, which consisted in inoculating 15 mm discs onthe surface of the previously seeded Mueller Hinton agar, Escherichia coli, Salmonellasp. Klebsiellasp. and Citrobacter freundii. Antimicrobial activity of probiotic growth in liquid medium was also performed, with each probiotic extract in Mueller Hinton agar with the previously seeded bacteria. In addition, probiotic activity was also increased by the association of these with Lactobacillus sp. in liquid medium, in which, after their growth, each partner underwent two treatment conditions by placing 5 mL of the probiotic in two tubes of Falcon (15 mL) where one received ethanol (polar solvent) and the other 5 mL of acetate (apolar solvent) submitted to three hours under stirring, then 20 μl of the supernatant were pipetted from the tubes and inoculated onto the discs which were on the surface of the Mueller Hinton agar with the previously seeded test bacteria. All tests were performed in riplicates, incubated at 37ºC, with results obtained after 24 hours by the formation or not of the inhibition halo. There was no antimicrobial activity against the enterobacteria tested. Several factors should be taken into account when dealing with the metabolic action of microorganisms, under the conditions, in vitro, tested in this work.Item Atividade inseticida de óleos essenciais de Citrus spp. sobre Sitophilus zeamais em milho armazenado(2023-09-14) Alves, Maria Jéssica Pereira; Oliveira, Carlos Romero Ferreira de; Oliveira, Cláudia Helena Cysneiros Matos de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1587027736201526; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2515051171734004; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4866960483577818Maize (Zea mays L.) is a cereal of great economic and social value. Its production is a world highlight, but there are significant losses caused by insect attacks. Among the insects that affect stored products, the coleopteran Sitophilus zeamais (Curculionidae) stands out, which causes damaging effects to the grain. In view of the indiscriminate use of synthetic insecticides to control insect pests, alternative methods are being increasingly studied, such as the use of plant compounds, particularly essential oils (EOs). The aim of this study was to assess the toxicity of the EOs of bitter orange (Citrus aurantium), sweet orange (Citrus sinensis), mandarin (Citrus reticulata) and bergamot (Citrus bergamia) on Sitophilus zeamais. The tests were carried out by contact and ingestion in order to estimate the lethal concentrations (LC50 and LC90) of each oil. Once the concentrations had been estimated, the repellency test was carried out with the LC50 on the insect. The four EOs were evaluated in the contact and ingestion test using different concentrations (0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50 µL/20g) for a period of 48 hours, using 10 insects, 20g of maize, in 5 repetitions. In the repellency test, the lethal concentrations (LC50) of the four EOs were applied alone, using 10 insects, 20g of maize, in 10 repetitions, confined for 48 hours. In the contact and ingestion test, the percentages of insect mortality were counted and in the repellency test the insects attracted, as well as the number of adults that emerged in each treatment. In the contact and ingestion test, significant differences were observed at the lowest concentrations, with the most toxic EOs being bitter orange (C. aurantium) and bergamot (C. bergamia). The Repellency Index (RI) showed that the four EOs used had a repellent effect at all the concentrations tested. There was no significant difference in the emergence of S. zeamais on the treated maize kernels, indicating that they acted as oviposition inhibitors and/or had an ovicidal/larvicidal effect. Therefore, it was found that the EOs were promising for the management of S. zeamais in stored grain.Item Atividade inseticida dos óleos essenciais de Alecrim, Cravo-da-Índia, Cedroda-Virgínia e Toranja sobre Sitophilus zeamais em milho armazenado.(2023-05-03) Oliveira, Allysson Vinícius de Lima; Oliveira, Carlos Romero Ferreira de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2515051171734004; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6582895019823815The maize weevil (Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky) is a major primary pest in maize production and storage, causing significant damage to grains and facilitating infestation by secondary pests. Its reproductive capacity, long life cycle, and ability to survive at great depths among the grain explain its destructive potential. Given the damage caused by S. zeamais, the use of post-harvest technologies to control this pest is necessary and essential oils are a promising alternative because they do not pose a threat to human health or the environment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the toxicity of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis), clove (Eugenia caryophyllus), eastern red cedar (Juniperus virginiana), and grapefruit (Citrus paradisi) essential oils against S. zeamais. Contact and ingestion tests were conducted to determine the lethal concentrations (LC50 and LC90) of each essential oil, and evaluate the fumigant effect of C. paradisi and E. caryophyllus essential oils. The contact and ingestion experiments were conducted in Petri dishes containing 20g of maize, in which different concentrations of the evaluated essential oils were applied using an automatic pipettor. The plates were manually shaken to ensure that the oil spread between the grains and then, 10 adults of S. zeamais were confined in each plate for 48 hours. After this period, the percentage of mortality was analyzed, the results were subjected to PROBIT analysis, and lethal concentrations (LC50 and LC90) and the toxicity ratios (TR) were calculated. Each concentration was tested with 5 replicates. To evaluate the fumigant effect of C. paradisi and E. caryophyllus essential oils on S. zeamais, different concentrations of the oils were applied to filter paper strips, which were positioned on the bottom surface of the lid of glass containers with a volume equivalent to one liter.. In each fumigation chamber, 10 adults of S. zeamais were confined, using maize as substrate. An organza clothc barrier was placed to prevent direct contact of the insects with the oils. The experiment was carried out in an entirely randomized design with five repetitions. After 48 hours, mortality was analyzed and the results were submitted to Probit analysis. The results obtained demonstrated the insecticidal effect of C. paradisi, E. caryophyllus, R. officinalis, and J. virginiana essential oils on S. zeamais by contact and ingestion. The estimated lethal concentrations (LC50 and LC90) for the essential oils of C. paradisi (40.30 and 81.56μL/20g maize, respectively), R. officinalis (8.00 and 12.92μL/20g maize, respectively), and J. virginiana (39.42 and 102.20μL/20g maize, respectively), in the contact test corroborate with the literature. However, it was not possible to determine the LCs of E. caryophyllus, since already at the lowest concentration (0.5 μL/20g maize) it caused 100% mortality of insects. As fumigants, however, the essential oils of C. paradisi and E. caryophyllus did not show insecticidal activity, since they did not cause significant mortality even at the highest concentration tested (280μL/L of air). Among the oils evaluated in this study, R. officinalis showed the most promise for the management of S. zeamais, since it presented the lowest lethal concentrations (LC50 and LC90) and the highest toxicity ratio (RT).Item Atividade insetistática de pós de origem vegetal sobre Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky (1855) em milho armazenado(2020) Magalhães, Aline Pereira de; Oliveira, Carlos Romero Ferreira de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2515051171734004; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7331352853811552Corn is one of the main agricultural crops in Brazil, as it is used to several by-products, fact that contributes to its comercial value and the economic movement in the country. It is an energetic aliment which has high nutricional value and is easy accessible, been part of human and animal diet. However, there are considerable damages due the attack of pest insects, mainly caused by Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky, 1855 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), which has great agricultural importance, for attacking in the field and in the warehouses, in addition to destroying the healthy grain, taking the chance to ovoposit, being considered, therefore, internal primary pest. This pest control is carried out with synthetic insecticides, however, its use is harmful to the environment, besides human and animal heath. The use of vegetable origin powders has been shown to be effective against stored grain pests, moreover, it is easy to obtain and use, also being within the range of the small farmer. The aim of this paper was to evaluate the toxicity and repellency of five powders of vegetable species on S. zeamais. Leaves of Croton pulegiodorus (Velaminho), Momordica charantia (Melão-de-São-Caetano), Azadirachta indica (Nim), Prosopis juliflora (Algaroba) e Ziziphus joazeiro (Juazeiro) were dried and ground, separately, to obtain a refined powder, subsequently applied to samples of corn kernels, in different powder amounts (0g, 1g, 2g, 3g, 4g, 5g), contained in Petri dishes (mortality assessment) and in interconnected flasks (repellency assessment). Each treatment was infested with 10 non-sexed adult insects, using six replications in a completely randomized design, at room temperature. All experiments were evaluated after a period of 72 hours. Only C. pulegiodorus caused high insect mortality (76.67% to 100%), being extremely low when in contact with other plants (0% in Z. joazeiro to 26.67% in A. indica). In addition, the mortality caused by A. indica was higher than that of the control only in the 3g amount of powder, while the other species (P. juliflora, Z. joazeiro and M. charantia) did not differ from the control and neither among themselves. It was observed that only C. pulegiodorus had a repellent action, as the other plants were considered neutral. These results demonstrate that the dry extract (powder) of velaminho (C. pulegiodorus) is a promising alternative for the management of S. zeamais in stored corn as it has biological activity on this coleopteran.Item Avaliação da criação de unidades de conservação na Caatinga(2020-11-06) Silva, Alex Carlos Ramos; Silva, Edgar Alberto do Espírito Santo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7405327016978544; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0807400894539610The priority areas for conservation are one of the instruments of public policy aimed at making decisions and measures that are appropriate for the conservation of ecosystems. It is the identification of areas for the implementation of measures such as the creation of Conservation Units. This work aimed to analyze whether the Conservation Units created during the period of the 1st and 2nd update of priority areas for conservation have a larger area within priority areas whose main action was the creation of Conservation Units, as well as within priority areas with highest priority for action and biological importance. The data were analyzed and processed using the multiplatform geographic information system, QGIS 3.14. It was observed that the creation of Conservation Units is in part not following the established patterns of priority actions.Item Avaliação da germinação e crescimento inicial de plântulas de Lactuca sativa L. expostas à polivinilpirrolidona(2022-05-27) Sales, Érica Danúbia Souza; Nunes, Ramom Rachide; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6182302726895126; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3843458808851603Seed germination is a crucial moment for plant development and growth, once the species has suffered any kind of injury, excess or scarcity, the consequences can be permanent. Thus, the present work aims to evaluate the germination of Lactuca sativa L. (lettuce) in different concentration of polyvinylpyrrolidone polymer (PVP). Seed sowing (30/plate) was conducted in sterilized Petri dishes containing filter paper. In each plate, 3mL of the aqueous PVP solution was added at concentrations 0.001 mmol/L, 0.01 mmol/L, 0.1 mmol/L, 1 mmol/L and a control group with distilled water. Each treatment had 3 replicates. Seed germination was evaluated daily, at the end of the 7th day, measurements of hypocotyl length, radicle, fresh and dry mass weight, germination percentage tests, vigor index, tolerance, germination speed, water content and photosynthesizing pigments were performed.. The data were expressed in mean ± standard error and submitted to one way ANOVA followed by the Tukey test (the means were considered different when p<0.05). The group treated with 1 mmol/L presented the radicle development affected, while all others did not present major impacts. %G, IVG, IT, hypocotyl and photosynthetic pigments did not present significant results when compared to the control group. Our data indicates a warning sign for the polyvinylpyrrolidone disposal, and highlights the need of further research regarding its toxicity.Item Avaliação da germinação e do crescimento inicial de plântulas de Lactuca sativa L. expostas ao cloreto de alumínio em microambiente(2019) Pádua, Lisandra Celeste da Silva; Saraiva, Rogério de Aquino; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6812072552819682; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1077354209259707Aluminum when in low soil concentrations can promote growth or even other benefits to plants. However, in acidic soils (pH <5) this metal can cause phytotoxic effects on plants, becoming one of the limiting factors for their growth. The present study aimed to evaluate the phytotoxicity of aluminum chloride (AlCl3) on the germination and initial development of Lactuca sativa L. For this purpose, aqueous solutions of AlCl3 were prepared at concentrations of 0 mg.L-1, 5 mg.L-1,10 mg.L-1, 50 mg.L-1 and 100 mg.L-1. Followed by the application of 3 mL of each solution in Petri dishes containing 25 lettuce seeds each, germinated in a B.O.D (Biochemical Oxigen Demand) chamber lasting seven days. The parameters used to evaluate Al phytotoxicity were: root length, hypocotyl and total, root diameter, NSG / day, IVG, vigor, IT chlorophyll and carotenoid contents and physicochemical parameters. Considering the phytotoxic effects of aluminum demonstrated by the reduction in root size, hypocotyl, total length and increase of root diameter of the seedlings that received the aluminum treatments, the seedlings that received the treatment with the highest concentration showed to be less tolerant to aluminum, however germination, IVG, vigor and chlorophyll and carotenoid contents were not negatively affected by aluminum. Thus it can be concluded that aluminum, despite causing root damage, was not sufficient to inhibit the initial development of lettuce seedlings.Item Avaliação da produção de amilase e protease por fungos filamentosos de solos no Semiárido pernambucano(2019) Freires, Ariane Susan Santos; Costa, Cynthia Maria Carneiro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9859547718446795; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0685613862543810The fungal soil communities suffer both quantitative and diversity interference caused by biotic and abiotic factors, and in the case of semi-arid soils, they are subject to low water availability, high temperatures and high solar radiation influences directly on the soil. development of these microorganisms. Thus, the objective of this work was to isolate and evaluate the enzymatic activity (amylase and protease) of filamentous fungi of Pernambucano semiarid soils collected at different times in the Mata da Pimenteira State Park Conservation Unit, in the municipality of Serra Talhada - PE. Soil collections were performed in August 2018 and April 2019, at three random points. Isolation of the fungi was performed by serial dilution technique using the Potato Dextrose Agar (BDA) and Sabouraud Agar (SAB) culture media added with chloramphenicol (for the inhibition of bacterial growth) in Petri dishes and incubated at room temperature. environment for seven days. After this period, the fungal colonies were quantified and, based on their morphotype, some were selected for the enzymatic tests of protease and amylase activity. As a result, 43 fungal colonies were isolated and a (CFU / g) quantification of (repeat 1), (repeat 2), (repeat 3) in BDA and SAB culture media, respectively, in the dry season and and (repeat 1), and (repeat 2), (repeat 3) in the BDA and SAB media respectively in the rainy season. Regarding the enzymatic potential 18 isolates were good producers of amylase and protease with emphasis on D8 identified as Aspergillus sp. which obtained greater degradation halos for both amylase and protease, with averages of 3.5 and 3.93 cm, respectively; and I3 also identified as Aspergillus sp. had a larger degradation halo for protease with 5.6 cm, both obtained during the drought period. In the rainy season, I9 (Isolated 4) and D9 (Aspergillus sp.) Stood out, which showed degradation halos of 3.5 and 4.16 cm for amylase and protease, respectively. The isolated fungi in this work have biotechnological importance, emphasizing how necessary is the preservation of habitats for the maintenance of microbial species associated with them.