TCC - Engenharia Florestal (Sede)
URI permanente para esta coleçãohttps://arandu.ufrpe.br/handle/123456789/436
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Resultados da Pesquisa
Item Diagnóstico dos viveiros de mudas florestais no município de Gravatá - PE(2024-10-03) Lima, Pollyana Gomes da Silva; Freitas, Eliane Cristina Sampaio de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7525975084334972; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3458909580899001Considering that the current supply of native tree seedlings is not compatible with market growth projections for the coming years, the need to increase production to meet potential oration sector, environmental regularization, and possible supply to one of Pernambuco's furniture hubs. In this sense, this work aims to diagnose forest seedling nurseries in the county of Gravatá and to propose the development of a project to implement a new forest nursery in the rural area of the county. Therefore, 11 nurseries that produce and/or resell forest seedlings in the region were found to be analysed and interviewed, of which 5 agreed to respond to a questionnaire that aims to analyse their operating profiles and identify productive aspects; generating an information base for a SWOT analysis that results in an action plan, which brings an arrangement of suggestions coherent with the local reality supporting the aim of the study and substantiate the design, which was modeled using SketchUp 2019 software. The study showed that the forest nurseries present in Gravatá have a timid performance regarding seedling production, with 80% of them only resellers, making it clear that seedling production is not yet seen as a significant business in the municipality. Regarding infrastructure, the forest seedling nurseries in the municipality have basic infrastructure components. Regarding species diversity and productive capacity, there are seedlings produced and/or resold are mostly exotic species, coming from nurseries with an annual capacity of up to 10 thousand seedlings, whose main destination is local landscaping. The main problems faced were technical difficulties in cultivation and low availability of seeds. Aiming to give greater robustness to the municipality's forest nursery framework, as well the supply of potential demand for forest seedlings in the coming years are met, the project to implement a new nursery was taken as a starting point, with an annual production capacity equivalent to a total of 3,488 to 8,208 seedlings produced in bags and tubes, based on the considerations brought by the action plan generated from the analysis carried out.Item Crescimento e qualidade de mudas de Piptadenia stipulacea (Benth.) Ducke, em diferentes recipientes e doses de fertilizante misto(2024-09-12) Souza, Thallyta Valentin dos Santos de; Freitas, Eliane Cristina Sampaio de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7525975084334972; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1375547405957419In 2022, Brazil suffered a neduction of 2.05 million hectares of native forest, the Caatinga biome, in tum, lost the equivalent of 140.637 hectares. This highlights the urgency of actions to curb environmental degradation and promote conservation. It is vital to invest in research on native forest species to fill technological gaps, meet the demand for seedlings and drive sustainable development. Piptadenia stipulacea (Benth.) Ducke, a species native to Brazil, is a recommended option for recoverins degraded areas in the Caatinga. Therefore, the objective o£ this work is to evaluate the influence of the volumetric capacity of containers for the production of seedlings such as tubes and polyethylene bags, combined with different doses of NPK, on the growth and quality of seedlings of Piptadenia stipulacea (Benth.) Ducke. The study was carried out in the forest nursery of the Forestry Science Department of the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE), from November 2022 to March 2023. Three containers were tested for the production of seedlings: a 120 cm3 tube, a 280 cm3 and plastic bag of 3449 cm3 (20 cm x 30 cm) and four doses of NPK (4-14-8): 0; 2.0; 4.0; 6.0 Kg/m3. The analyzes of height and diameter of the stem were monitored monthly and a destructive analysis was performed at the end of the 120 days. The results indicated that the reduction in container volume caused a decrease in dry mass, diameter and height. Increasing NPK doses had a significant effect on recipient height and stem diameter. For the robustness index, the dose of 2 kg/m3 obtained the best performance. In view of the results, the use of polyethylene bags with the addition of 2 kg/m3 of NPK is recommended for the production of jurema branca seedlings.Item Planejamento da arborização urbana: estudo de caso da Avenida Duque de Caxias, São Lourenço da Mata - PE(2024-10-01) Cravo, Amanda Clarinda de Melo; Lima Neto, Everaldo Marques de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6791561445213969This study focused on urban tree planning along Duque de Caxias Avenue, considering its feasibility and associated costs. The objective was to evaluate the physical conditions of the road and specific challenges, following the guidelines of the Urban Tree Planting Manual of Recife. Small-sized species suitable for sidewalk widths and wire heights were selected, essential to mitigate risks and reduce seedling mortality rates. The methodology included a detailed survey of available planting spaces, identifying 179 viable intervals, albeit limited by the scattered presence of urban elements such as poles and signage boards. The results highlighted the need for 2130 seedlings to cover the planned demand, considering a mortality rate of 50%. Cost assessments from nine local nurseries revealed budgets ranging from R$ 383,400.00 to R$ 440,200.00, emphasizing the complexity and economic challenges associated with acquiring seedlings in a region with scarce available native species. Additionally, a significant gap was identified in the supply of native species seedlings in local nurseries, underscoring the importance of effective policies for urban biodiversity conservation and encouragement of local seedling production. It is concluded that integrated and participatory planning is crucial for the success of urban tree planting initiatives, actively involving local communities, government agencies, and research institutions. This approach not only contributes to improving urban quality of life but also strengthens city resilience in the face of environmental challenges. This study not only provides relevant information for the practical implementation of urban tree planting projects but also highlights the ongoing need for adaptation and innovation in urban policies to promote greener and more sustainable urban environments aligned with sustainable development goals.Item Fertilização potássica no crescimento de mudas de Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. sob limitação hídrica(2024-03-04) Luna, Andressa Cristina de; Freitas, Eliane Cristina Sampaio de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7525975084334972; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8800788371861007The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of potassium fertilization on the growth of Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh seedlings under water limitation. The sowing was done with improved seeds of E. camaldulensis Dehnh in 80 tubes of 55 cm³ each. The seedlings were grown in full sunlight, and topdressing fertilization with macro and micronutrients, along with different doses of potassium (K), using potassium chloride (KCl) as a source, was applied. After the potassium fertilization was completed, measurements of height (H) and collar diameter (CD) were taken to standardize the seedlings according to each treatment (K dose), and they were transplanted into 5 dm³ capacity pots filled with a substrate composed of 70 % subsurface soil and 30 % commercial substrate. The treatments consisted of a factorial of two irrigation regimes (with and without suspension) by five levels of topdressing fertilization with K (0, 75, 150, 225, and 300 mg dm - ³), arranged in a completely randomized design with 4 repetitions, each pot composing a sample unit. After 15 days of transplantation, irrigation was suspended in half of the pots for 21 days, and the number of leaves (NL) was counted, along with recording visual symptoms of water stress during this period. At the end of the experiment, new measurements of height (H), collar diameter (CD), shoot dry matter (NL) were taken, growth increments were calculated, and stomatal density, chlorophyll index, relative water content, and dry matter were determined. Using the data of height (H), collar diameter (CD), shoot dry matter (SDM), root (RDM), and total (TDM), seedling quality ratios were calculated: SDM/RDM, H/CD, and Dickson Quality Index (DQI). The data were analyzed using analysis of variance (p<0.05), and those indicating significant interaction were subjected to regression analysis within the qualitative factor. Analyzing the statistical data, it was observed that potassium fertilization positively influenced the initial growth of the seedlings in all treatments, with the estimated optimum dose being 286 Kg dm -3 of K. The result of the variables with the factors of K doses and irrigation of Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh seedlings showed a significant difference of 5% only for irrigation.Item Restrição hídrica e fertilização fosfatada no crescimento de mudas de Tabebuia aurea (Silva Manso) Benth. & Hook.f ex S. Moore sob diferentes regimes de irrigação(2023-09-20) Pereira Neto, Cláudio Clementino; Freitas, Eliane Cristina Sampaio de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7525975084334972; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5841590477669007The availability of water in the soil is one of the most important factors influencing the successful establishment of saplings in field conditions. The scarcity of this resource serves as a constraining element that hampers both productivity and the prosperous cultivation of forest crops. Implementing applications of phosphate fertilizer can play a pivotal role in fostering the development of a more robust root system, thereby potentially mitigating the adverse impacts stemming from inadequate water availability on the cultivation. Investigations dedicated to silviculture pertaining to native forest species remain relatively scarce, primarily due to a concentration of research efforts around commercially more prevalent species. With the aim of evaluating tolerance and growth, as well as morphophysiological alterations in seedlings of Tabebuia aurea (Silva Manso) Benth. & Hook.f ex S. Moore subjected to water deficit and phosphate fertilization; an experiment was conducted at the greenhouse of the Department of Forestry Science at UFRPE – SEDE. Three irrigation cycles: daily (T); every 5 days (S5); and every 10 days (S10), and 4 phosphorus addition treatments (0, 100, 200, and 300 mg dm-³ of P) were tested following a factorial scheme in a completely randomized design, with 5 replicates. The source of P employed was monosodium phosphate (NaH2PO4). Two seeds were placed per 50 cm³ tubes, and thinning was conducted post germination. Following germination and growth, seedlings were standardized based on height and transplanted into 2,8 dm³ pots containing subsoil substrate. Water deficit induction was conducet after transplantation and phosphorus treatments differenciation. Throughout the experiment, seedling measurements were taken every ten days, encompassing parameters such as height (H) and stem diameter (DC). At the conclusion of the trial, the following aspects were determined: shoot dry matter (MSA), root dry matter (MSR), total dry matter (MST), shoot-to-root dry matter ratio (MSA/MSR), and Dickson's Quality Index (IQD) were calculated. Additionally, H, DC, NF, leaf area, primary root length, and chlorophyll content were determined. The application of phosphorus doses did not act as a mitigating factor for the effects of water stress. Seedlings with better quality were obtained in the treatment with daily irrigation, and the dose that yielded the best responses for the production of T. aurea seedlings was 200 mg dm-3.Item Alporquia de Trema micrantha (L.) Blume sob indutores de enraizamento(2022-10-04) Carvalho, Alfran Soares Couto de; Gallo, Ricardo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5160912065817980In forestry projects, the acquisition of seedlings can be a major obstacle, vegetative propagation techniques can help in this context. Among the propagation techniques, air layering is indicated for species that are difficult to propagate vegetatively, such Trema micranta (L.) Blume. Synthetic auxins provide greater effectiveness in vegetative propagation techniques, but their high costs encourage the search for more economical alternatives. The aqueous extract of Cyperus rotundus has shown rooting-inducing effects similar to commercial rooting inducers. Because it is an invasive plant with wide occurrence, its use as a rooting inducer is shown to be an accessible and economical alternative. This present work sought to verify the viability of vegetative propagation through the air layering technique in Trema micrantha trees under effect of rooting inducers, including the aqueous extract of C. rotundus. For that, seven trees were selected in the Dois Irmãos (Recife-PE) and submitted to three treatments over 31 days: 1) Control, in the absence of inducers; 2) Commercial rooting inducer indole-3-butyric acid (IBA); 3) Aqueous extract of C. rotundus. Among treatments, there was a significant difference only in the development of root dry matter, where the aqueous extract was more efficient than the others, which did not significantly distinguish between them. The interaction between the two factors (Tree x Rooting Inducers) showed a significant difference in the production of root dry matter, with greater efficiency of the aqueous extract compared to other treatments in tree 4 and better performance of tree 4 than the other trees, when all under the effect of the aqueous extract. The Tree factor presented significant differences regarding the shoots close to the air layer and regarding the callus and root development, showing itself as the determining factor in radical development in the employed context. The callus and root dry matter values showed a high negative correlation, suggesting that callus precede and give place to roots in layered layers of T. micrantha. There was no influence of epicormics shoots close to the air layer on the effectiveness of the technique. There were indications that the technique required more time for its success and better performance.Item Diagnóstico dos viveiros florestais do estado de Pernambuco(2023-04-26) Silva, Mylena Raiza dos Santos; Freitas, Eliane Cristina Sampaio de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7525975084334972; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4717057526135120Faced with so many commitments and ambitious environmental goals signed, the Forest Restoration sector will require a large amount of seedlings and seeds of native tree species, requiring a great deal of prior planning. This objective work generates a qualitative and quantitative diagnosis of nurseries in the state of Pernambuco, aiming to obtain the current production capacity and diversity of seedlings of forest species. For this reason, 110 nurseries were listed for the application of a structured questionnaire, of which only 44 responded to the questionnaire by telephone call or electronic form. The questionnaire was divided into 6 blocks of questions, namely: BLOCK I – Consent to the interview; BLOCK II – Identification of the nursery and owner; BLOCK III – Production of seedlings; BLOCK IV – Socioeconomic Characterization; BLOCK V – Regulation and BLOCK VI – Contact with other nurseries. In addition, the interviewees sent a list of species that are produced in their nurseries to determine the diversity produced. All data were tabulated and analyzed using Google spreadsheet and Microsoft Excel 2010. To prepare the distribution map of the nurseries participating in the research, QGIS 3.10.11 was used. The forest nurseries in Pernambuco are distributed throughout the state, with the majority in the Sertão and Agreste, where they produce 180 native species and 141 exotic species, with an average diversity of 17 native species. For large nurseries, there was no direct influence between productive capacity and diversity of native species. Seed collection is mainly done in natural forests and seed quality is a challenge for nurserymen. Furthermore, there is a large gender gap in the sector, with most nurseries being male-owned and few female employees working in them. Most nurseries have between 1 and 5 workers, and the presence of Agricultural Engineers is more common than that of Forestry Engineers in nurseries registered with Renasem. And finally, although most nurseries are not registered with Renasem, this does not necessarily imply irregularity due to the existing exceptions.Item Potencial fitorremediador de Erythrina velutina Willd. cultivada em solo contaminado com cobre e incorporação de biocarvão(2022-10-04) Pundrich, Maria Gabriella Rodrigues; Freitas, Eliane Cristina Sampaio de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7525975084334972; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2323613741603823In recent decades, researches have been demonstrating how heavy metals have the ability to stick and accumulate in the environment, being harmful to human health and the environment. Once the contamination of the soil happens, some actions are needed for the soil’s remediation.The objective of this reasearch was to evaluate the growth of the Erythrina velutina Willd seedlings cultivated in contaminated soil with copper and biochar. The first experiment was conducted for 21 days and the second for 69 days and analyzed the following morphological variables: Aerial Part Height (APH), Stem Diameter (SD), Aerial Part Increment (API) Stem Diameter Increment (SDI), Root’s Length (RL), Aerial Part Dry Mass (APDM), Root Dry mass (RDM), Total Dry Mass (TDM), Ratio between Aerial Part and Stem Diameter (AP/SD), Leaflet Numbers (LN), Leaflets Area (LA), Dickson Quality’s Index (DQI), Translocation Index (TI), Water Content in Aerial Part and Root (WCAPT) and Copper Concentrations in plant’s tissue (aerial and root part) through the EDS (energy dispersive spectroscopy).The collected data were submitted to a variance analysis (ANOVA) (p < 0,05) and Tukey test (p < 0,05). In the first experiment, it was observed that the biochar didn’t reveal any positive effect and didn’t benefit the growth of the seedlings. This result can be explained by the characteristics of biochar, influenced by the raw material and the carbonization process. In addition, the biochar could also have increased the cation exchange capacity and, consequentially, decreased Copper leach, enabling it to be more available to the seedlings. As for the second experiment, there was no significant difference of the 5% morphological variable of the seedlings, but it didn’t have Copper in the tissues analyzed, which could mean that the plant didn’t absolve as a result to a possible leach and/or an adsorption of the feedstock. Therefore, it is necessary complementary researches to evaluate the potential of Erythrina velutina Willd in projects of phytoremediation in soils contaminated by Copper.