Navegando por Autor "Gomes, Maria José de Filgueiras"

Agora exibindo 1 - 12 de 12

Análise de metais em amostras de farinha de milho empregando a técnica de espectrometria de absorção atômica com chamas
(2019-07-10) Silva, Danylo David de Lima; Gomes, Maria José de Filgueiras; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0060810526769648; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0412992762621641
Aplicação da técnica de espectrometria de fluorescência de raios-x por dispersão de energia (EDXRF) para a quantificação de metais pesados em sedimentos de fundo
(2025-02-26) Silva, Ingrid Coimbra da; Gomes, Maria José de Filgueiras; França, Elvis Joacir de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1716496767364751; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0060810526769648; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9997365922939570
Estudos recentes do monitoramento dos ecossistemas aquáticos retratam a relevância de tornarem os sedimentos de fundo como objeto de estudo dos impactos de contaminação ambiental por serem acumuladores, processadores e transportadores de metais pesados e espécies contaminantes. Nesse sentido, este presente estudo teve o objetivo de avaliar a aplicabilidade da técnica de Espectrometria de Fluorescência de Raios X por Dispersão de Energia (EDXRF) na quantificação dos elementos químicos Mn, Fe, Ni, Zn, Sr, Ti, Al, Si, K, Ca, V e La e avaliação da qualidade do sedimento a partir dos valores orientadores TEL e PEL de concentração estabelecidos pelo CCME (Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment) e adotados pela CETESB para os elementos Ni e Zn como possíveis contaminantes em 52 amostras coletadas de 4 perfis de sedimentos originadas da Costa Brasileira, cedidos pela Pesquisa Desenvolvimento Inovação e Ensino (PDIE) ao Centro Regional de Ciências Nucleares do Nordeste (CRCN/NE). A natureza da pesquisa foi do tipo aplicada baseada em uma abordagem quantitativa através das médias aritméticas das concentrações dos metais pesados pelo EDX-720 e materiais de referências certificados (IAEA-SL-1) comparados com valores obtidos e certificados. O tratamento dos dados foi realizado mediante a metodologia de Fernández (2017) e o cálculo de incertezas analíticas com intervalo de 95% de confiança pela metodologia de Costa (2023). De maneira geral, o elemento Ni apresentou valores acima de TEL para a maioria dos pontos analisados, resultando na classificação de qualidade regular dos sedimentos analisados. O metal Zn esteve entre TEL e PEL para a maioria dos pontos coletados, sendo classificada a qualidade do sedimento como ótimo para esse elemento. As concentrações dos demais elementos não apresentam valores guias para comparação. Dessa forma, os objetivos deste trabalho foram atingidos e apresentaram relevância para a justificativa da aplicabilidade da técnica de EDXRF para o estudo de sedimentos de fundo e a importância da avaliação ambiental pela contaminação de metais pesados e seus impactos para os ecossistemas aquáticos causados pela ação antrópica ao longo dos anos.
Avaliação da geocronologia e composição química de sedimentos do Reservatório de Sobradinho, Bahia
(2024-03-04) Cunha, Matheus Antonio Melo da; Gomes, Maria José de Filgueiras; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0060810526769648; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8860852596890707
The economy of the Sobradinho region, located in Bahia, and its adjacent cities is heavily influenced by agricultural activity. The predominant cultivation of onions in these areas requires careful irrigation management, which can alter the characteristics of the soil and the surrounding environment. In this context, the present study aims to identify changes in the chemical composition of sediment in the Sobradinho reservoir and assess the environmental impact on sediments, resulting from agricultural practices and urban development in the region. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of sediment samples was conducted, followed by their dating, carried out in the CRCN-NE laboratory using the analytical techniques of Energy-Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy (EDXRF) and Gas Proportional Flow Counter (CPFG). Initially, sediment cores with a length of 1 meter were collected, which were subdivided into fractions of 3 cm depth for a more detailed analysis. The Energy-Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy (EDXRF) instrument was calibrated with voltages of 15 kV and 50 kV for the quantification and identification of the elements Al, Fe, Ni, Pb, Si, Ti, and Zn. Sediment dating was performed using the radioactive isotope 210Pb, whose decay to 210Bi is accompanied by the emission of beta particles, with the amount of radioactive activity measured at each depth. This approach allowed the identification of variations in the concentrations of chemical elements over time, with the most significant changes observed in the levels of nickel and silicon, which showed changes between the years 2010 and 2019. These variations can be attributed to various chemical and environmental phenomena, such as the formation of complexes between metals, natural erosion processes caused by wind and rain, and non-natural impacts arising from agricultural practices in the region. The intensive cultivation of onions and grapes, together with the growing agricultural industrialization and the use of nitrogen and phosphorus-rich fertilizers, contributed to the eutrophication process and the reduction of oxygen availability in the water. Additionally, hypoxic conditions were exacerbated by the increase in water temperature, influenced by environmental factors such as the El Niño phenomenon, which began in 2010, and by the emission of pollutants resulting from the modernization of the region and the surrounding cities of Sobradinho. The results of the analysis reveal an average reduction of 23.44% in the levels of iron (Fe) in sediment over the period from 2011 to 2016. Furthermore, there was a significant increase in concentrations of titanium (Ti) and silicon (Si) in 2016, with average variations of 738.25 mg/kg and 15,000.05 mg/kg, respectively. The analysis also indicates an inverse correlation between the concentrations of nickel (Ni) and silicon (Si) over time, suggesting complex interactions between these elements.
Cintilação líquida aplicada à determinação de radionuclídeos em água
(2019-07-19) Nascimento, Hewerton Jonh Ferreira do; Gomes, Maria José de Filgueiras; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0060810526769648; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8043143575661502
Desenvolvimento de métodos de digestão empregando ácido diluído e de análise química por EDXRF para a batata-doce
(2019-07-11) Andrade, Thaís Barreto Mendes de; Gomes, Maria José de Filgueiras; França, Elvis Joacir de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1716496767364751; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0060810526769648; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9151550124239566
O efeito da cocção na composição mineral do arroz (Oryza sativa L.): uma revisão da literatura
(2022-06-07) Silva, Thais Virginia da; Gomes, Maria José de Filgueiras; Silva, Iago José Santos da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1316331533381737; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0060810526769648; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5507473910472824
Nowadays determination of food nutrients presents in lower concentrations, such as minerals, has become a relevant aspect, not only due many elements are essential to the human beings, also their excess in biological systems can induce several damages to them. As a staple food, rice is considered an important component in a healthy human diet and it is consumed worldwide. In this panorama, this work carries out a literature review toward gathering data about the procedures commonly used in the preparation of rice for later ingestion and implications of them in its mineral composition. It is known, that how to perform the cooking rice process can affect its bioaccessibility, that means the ability to dissolve an amount of an element the gastrointestinal tract. In addition, studies in the literature have reported that influences of the growing grain conditions, fertilization, soil conditions and its processing, as also prewash stages, the rice/water ratio, the destination of the water used before and during cooking process, and the container used for preparation, are factors that can exert a direct influence on the composition and concentration of minerals in rice. Among the relevant results, it can be highlighted that several cycles of rinsing before rice preparation, lead to reduce toxicity levels in medium, as well as the use of a greater amount of water than the amount of rice, for example, can promote reduction of the inorganic arsenic content. However, few works in the literature have reported the influence of the preparation steps on the content of essential metals present in rice, therefore a literature review on this topic is of great relevance to the scientific community.
Estudo da remoção de Cd, Zn e as empregando a quitosana como adsorvente
(2025-07-30) Gomes, Layla Ângeles; Gomes, Maria José de Filgueiras; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0060810526769648; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8469037299361586
Com o advento da agricultura e da pecuária no período Neolítico e, posteriormente, com o avanço da globalização e das revoluções industriais, a exploração dos recursos naturais se intensificou, gerando impactos negativos no meio ambiente. Entre esses impactos, destaca-se a poluição dos corpos hídricos, especialmente por metais pesados como zinco (Zn), cádmio (Cd) e arsênio (As), os quais são altamente tóxicos e representam um sério risco à saúde pública e à biodiversidade. Esses metais possuem alta persistência ambiental e bioacumulam-se em organismos vivos, provocando efeitos adversos mesmo em baixas concentrações. Frente às limitações dos métodos convencionais de tratamento de água, a adsorção surge como uma alternativa promissora por ser de baixo custo, eficiente e ambientalmente adequada. Nesse contexto, a quitosana tem se destacado como um biossorvente eficiente, devido à sua estrutura química que favorece interações com os metais, além de sua disponibilidade abundante e biodegradabilidade. Derivada da quitina, presente em exoesqueletos de crustáceos, a quitosana oferece uma solução sustentável alinhada aos princípios da Química Verde. Além disso, sua modificação química, como a reticulação com glutaraldeído, amplia sua estabilidade e capacidade de reutilização. Este trabalho investiga a eficiência da quitosana na remoção de zinco, cádmio e arsênio de águas contaminadas, contribuindo para o desenvolvimento de tecnologias limpas e acessíveis voltadas à descontaminação hídrica e à proteção ambiental.
Estudo de viabilidade do uso de areia residual da produção de silicato de sódio no processo produtivo
(2024-09-23) Abreu, Giovanna Pereira de; Gomes, Maria José de Filgueiras; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0060810526769648; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7823109121355746
Sand is the main raw material used in the production of sodium silicate. However, the sand waste generated by the silicate industries is a constant and significant problem, with an average annual disposal of 142 tons. Therefore, it is necessary to promote the reduction of this waste through available practices for proper disposal or, when possible, reuse it, given that it can cause negative impacts on the environment. In addition, reusing sand also has the benefit of reducing production costs, since it can be reincluded in the process without compromising yield. In this sense, it is of great relevance to create sustainable solutions capable of efficiently addressing the social, environmental and economic challenges involved and which can be applied in industries. The aim of this work was to evaluate the reuse of this industrial waste and study its reuse in new reactions aimed at the production of sodium silicate. For this purpose, the residue was subjected to a washing process, followed by titrimetric tests, in triplicate, to determine the Na₂O content in the water washing, using 2.0N HCl as titrant, resulting in an average value of 12.80%. X-ray fluorescence tests were also performed on the solid part after washing, indicating a SiO₂ percentage of 99.009%, a value comparable to that of virgin sand, whose SiO₂ content varies between 98.00% and 100.00%, which demonstrates that the results obtained in the residue presented satisfactory results. Based on a formulation suggested in this research, it can be concluded that the reuse of sand in the sodium silicate production process could promote a cost reduction of R$9,870 per batch, representing an annual saving of R$259.670,4, integrating sustainable practices and cost reduction in silicate production.
Processos de produção e avaliação do desempenho de tintas á base d’água para decoração e sua questão ambiental
(2018-02-02) Nascimento, Mariana Olímpio do; Gomes, Maria José de Filgueiras; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4716388949582651; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4716388949582651
The decorative paints account for 83.3% of the total volume of Brazilian production and 69.3% of sales, with a 1.9% increase in production volume from 2016 to 2017. However, due to the large variety of types of paint that the market offers, there are still many doubts among consumers in choosing the right product, which because of lack of knowledge often end up opting for the cost and not for the quality, compromising the finish and the durability of the painting. Currently the largest investment of the real estate paint industries are focused on this "new" segment that is "customer satisfaction and low cost", always seeking to improve its products tied to the minimum cost increment in its formulation. In this context, this work presents a bibliographic study that addresses the importance of decorative paints, presenting a little of the historical, current economic scenario that it represents, its chemical composition, highlighting the raw materials that constitute them as pigments, resins, solvents, additives , vehicles and their functions. In addition, it will describe the manufacturing process and how the disposal and treatment of the effluents and wastes generated during this production process is carried out, as well as the practices adopted in the industries in order to offer products that increasingly meet the environmental, contributing, at the same time, to economic and social development. Among the practices adopted in the paint industries, water-based paints are aimed at reducing the emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which is a trend in the world due to its less harmful characteristics to the environment , maintaining similar quality to solvent-based paints (synthetic paints), which make them a great potential for expansion in Brazil, capable of meeting the most diverse consumer requirements in a wide range of applications.
Relatório das atividades de extensão: compostagem como instrumento de educação ambiental
(2019) Xavier, Bruno Otaviano Costa Medeiros; Gomes, Maria José de Filgueiras; Batinga, Verônica Tavares Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7759044153725982; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0060810526769648; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8921735210836827
O projeto de extensão Compostagem como instrumento de Educação Ambiental teve como objetivo promover ações práticas e teóricas voltadas à conscientização ambiental de alunos do ensino médio de escolas públicas da Região Metropolitana do Recife. Desenvolvido pela Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE) em parceria com o Espaço Ciência, o projeto contemplou a capacitação de monitores, realização de oficinas, implantação de hortas e confecção de composteiras domésticas. As atividades incluíram análises de solo, produção e distribuição de material didático, visitas técnicas e acompanhamento de práticas de compostagem e horticultura. O público alcançado incluiu aproximadamente 500 pessoas, sendo 120 alunos participantes de visitas ao Espaço Ciência e 12 envolvidos diretamente nas atividades práticas na Escola Técnica Estadual Alcides do Nascimento Lins. Apesar de atrasos decorrentes de imprevistos estruturais e escolares, o projeto apresentou resultados positivos, despertando o interesse dos alunos para o manejo sustentável de resíduos orgânicos e para a produção de alimentos saudáveis. Constatou-se que a compostagem, aliada à horticultura, é um recurso eficaz para estimular a responsabilidade ambiental e a participação ativa de jovens na preservação ambiental, fortalecendo o vínculo entre comunidade escolar e práticas de sustentabilidade.
Tratamento de águas residuais em uma indústria de envase de refrigerante e água mineral utilizando sulfato de alumínio com sistema de homogeneização adaptado
(2024-10-01) Souza, Robson Severino de; Gomes, Maria José de Filgueiras; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0060810526769648
It is well known that with the increased consumption of beverages such as soft drinks, juices, among others, there is an increase in the production of effluents. The lack of treatment of these effluents generates major environmental, social and economic impacts. The effluents generated by soft drinks, predominantly made up of sugars, juices, colorants, extracts and organic acids, have a high organic load, which increases the values of biological oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD), which are potential polluters of receiving bodies such as rivers and lakes. The aim of this work was to improve the conditions of effluents treated by acti-vated sludge, aligning biological and physical-chemical treatment, in a soft drink and mineral water industry, using aluminium sulphate (Al2(SO4)3) as a coagulant and a system adapted for homogenization and pH correction. In wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) that only use activated sludge as a form of treatment, (Al2(SO4)3) can be an ally in improving the conditions of effluent that has already undergone activated sludge treatment. However, the use of aluminium sulphate requires a homogenization system to mix it with the effluent and to correct the pH. The methodology of this work is based on using this coagulant to improve the final effluent, adapting a recirculation system that homogenizes the inorganic coagu-lant with sodium hydroxide to correct the pH. The system works by sucking the effluent from the bottom of the decanter and discharging it over itself, ensuring a complete mixture between the coagulant, the sodium hydroxide and the effluent. Laboratory tests were carried out to determine the correct concentration of the coagulant, using turbidity and COD analyses. The BOD5 analysis, which is the analysis of BOD over a period of five days, was only carried out at the time of the field test, taking a sample before and after the coagulation process in the decanter tank. The results obtained using 10mL of coagulant (20g/L) for each liter of effluent showed a good reduction in the COD turbidity of the effluent already treated by activated sludge. With the addition of the coagulant to the samples, followed by correction of the pH to 7, there was a reduction in turbidity from 362 turbidity units (UT) to 41UT. In the COD analysis, there was a reduction from 326mg/L ofdissolved O2 to 81mg/L. There was also a significant reduction in the results of the BOD analysis of the effluent treated in the decanter itself, from 354.6mg/L ofO2 to 183.6mg/L. These results showed that both the addition of the coagulant and the adapted homogenization system were effective in reducing the parameters analyzed (turbidity, COD and BOD). The volume of sludge decanted by coagulation in 10 minutes also proved to be very low and this results in faster disposal, making the whole process more agile and ruling out the need to use a flocculant.
Validação de metodologia analítica: determinação de fluoretos em água tratada – Método SPADNS
(2019-12-13) Aguiar, Adrya Cavalcante Queiroz; Gomes, Maria José de Filgueiras; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0060810526769648; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9299886546559333