Relutância à vacinação no Brasil: uma análise sobre revolta da vacina e a pandemia do Covid-19

Abstract

The present work aims to analyze the motivations that led different social actors, in two moments in the history of Brazil, to resist vaccination. Based on the study of different contexts: historical, political, and social, both the Vaccine Revolt in 1904 and Covid-19, starting in 2020. This study was based on an analysis of books that deal with on issues surrounding the importance of vaccination, the context of the revolt, such as the recent republic, the influence of the media at the time, and the contribution of Oswaldo Cruz. Furthermore, recent articles were analyzed that deal with the Vaccine Revolt, and also with Covid-19, which at its peak of contagion in Brazil, saw the population's refusal to take the vaccine, believing in fake news that was widespread at the time, in addition to the influence of the government's own denialism at the height of the pandemic. According to the bibliographic study carried out, it is possible to show that resistance to the vaccine at these two moments was triggered by a series of determining factors. The revolt was due to the population's lack of motivation with the recent republic, with the works carried out that sought to modernize Rio de Janeiro while excluding the poorest classes, combined with political issues, forced vaccination and misinformation about immunization. With Covid-19, it was permeated by fake news about the vaccine, as the government leader himself refused to take the vaccine and advised his voters not to take it either, fueling the population's fear and disbelief surrounding the effectiveness of this vaccine. . Still, the vaccine proved to be important and effective, like all others that have been developed over decades, providing future generations with immunity against a series of diseases.