03.1 - Graduação (UAST)
URI permanente desta comunidadehttps://arandu.ufrpe.br/handle/123456789/2926
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Resultados da Pesquisa
Item Atividade insetistática de pós de origem vegetal sobre Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky (1855) em milho armazenado(2020) Magalhães, Aline Pereira de; Oliveira, Carlos Romero Ferreira de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2515051171734004; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7331352853811552Corn is one of the main agricultural crops in Brazil, as it is used to several by-products, fact that contributes to its comercial value and the economic movement in the country. It is an energetic aliment which has high nutricional value and is easy accessible, been part of human and animal diet. However, there are considerable damages due the attack of pest insects, mainly caused by Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky, 1855 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), which has great agricultural importance, for attacking in the field and in the warehouses, in addition to destroying the healthy grain, taking the chance to ovoposit, being considered, therefore, internal primary pest. This pest control is carried out with synthetic insecticides, however, its use is harmful to the environment, besides human and animal heath. The use of vegetable origin powders has been shown to be effective against stored grain pests, moreover, it is easy to obtain and use, also being within the range of the small farmer. The aim of this paper was to evaluate the toxicity and repellency of five powders of vegetable species on S. zeamais. Leaves of Croton pulegiodorus (Velaminho), Momordica charantia (Melão-de-São-Caetano), Azadirachta indica (Nim), Prosopis juliflora (Algaroba) e Ziziphus joazeiro (Juazeiro) were dried and ground, separately, to obtain a refined powder, subsequently applied to samples of corn kernels, in different powder amounts (0g, 1g, 2g, 3g, 4g, 5g), contained in Petri dishes (mortality assessment) and in interconnected flasks (repellency assessment). Each treatment was infested with 10 non-sexed adult insects, using six replications in a completely randomized design, at room temperature. All experiments were evaluated after a period of 72 hours. Only C. pulegiodorus caused high insect mortality (76.67% to 100%), being extremely low when in contact with other plants (0% in Z. joazeiro to 26.67% in A. indica). In addition, the mortality caused by A. indica was higher than that of the control only in the 3g amount of powder, while the other species (P. juliflora, Z. joazeiro and M. charantia) did not differ from the control and neither among themselves. It was observed that only C. pulegiodorus had a repellent action, as the other plants were considered neutral. These results demonstrate that the dry extract (powder) of velaminho (C. pulegiodorus) is a promising alternative for the management of S. zeamais in stored corn as it has biological activity on this coleopteran.Item Avaliação de extratos de mamona Ricinus communis e do coité Crescentia cujete L. no controle de Aphis craccivora Koch (Hemiptera: Aphididae) em feijão caupi(2019) Ferreira, Vandeilson Bezerra; Evangelista Júnior, Walter Santos; Nascimento, Antônio Henrique Cardoso do; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5216997634308364; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6728342264331935; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2799857312943263Controlling agricultural pests is a practice that has been undergoing innovations constantly. The use of plant extracts appears as an alternative of pest control and is recommended mainly in family agriculture, and in fields of production mainly in organic agriculture, being a low cost product, easy to obtain and high effectiveness in pest control. The extracts of the plants of MamoneiraRicinuscommunisand CoitéCrescentiacujeteL. are promising in the natural control of pests, as they have toxic substances such as ricin, phenolic compounds and flavonoids, respectively. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of the extracts of these plants on the black aphid mortality of the common bean Aphis craccivora(Hemiptera: Aphididae). Mamona and Coité extracts caused a high mortality on black bean aphid with rates of 74.69% and 70.23%, respectively. Comparing the black aphid mortality in the different extracts per day after the application of the extracts, it was verified that the Mamona extract had a higher mortality rate (84.86%) on the first day of evaluation and the second day had a coefficient of 81.3%. However, there was no difference between the plant extracts during the five days of evaluation and they differed from the control throughout the evaluation period, which reinforces the efficiency of the use of these extracts in the control of this pest, as well as the necessity of use of control methods. It is concluded that the plant extracts of Mamona and Coité are efficient in controlling the mortality of black aphid A. craccivoraand contribute to the management of this pest in family agriculture, organic and agroecologicalcrops.Item Efeito do óleo de pequi (Caryocar brasiliense Camb) obtido na feira livre de Princesa Isabel – PB, sobre Callosobruchus maculatus em feijão armazenado(2018) Lima, Edna Alves de; Silva, Renato Augusto da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5111987334920733; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3607195370784211The Cowpea bean, Vigna unguiculata (Fabaceae), has an extraordinary role in feeding the population of the north and northeast regions of the country. However this culture is still detrimental to the loss of 10% of production due to the attack of insect-pests and use of synthetic chemical pesticides. In the present work the effect of the oil of Pequi (Caryocar brasiliense Camb.) As natural defensive, was studied on the dry rot (Callosobruchus maculatus) in Beanscowpea both acquired in the city of Princess Isabelle, Sertão of Paraíba. The methodology is very simple and can be reproduced in a domestic environment, because there is no need for the use of toxic substances, the oil of pequi used in cooking and alternative medicine. For the experiment it was used only of plastic containers, account drops and domestic balance, all low cost and commercially accessible. Concentration of 0.0 mg to 167.0 mg of oil per 20g of beans were analyzed and as a result was estimated the average lethal concentration (LC50) = 98.24 by means of linear regression. The good results presented here revealed that Pequi oil can be an economically viable and affordable alternative to the management of the rot in stored beancowpea beans.Item Extratos da algarobeira como alternativa de controle do pulgão preto do feijoeiro Aphis craccivora(2018) Vieira, Domingos Sávio Marques de Menezes; Evangelista Júnior, Walter Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6728342264331935; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7384301568742851The extracts of plants are recommended in family agriculture, characterized by small and medium producers, mainly related to the organic production. One way of obtaining compounds or plant substances is through the isolation of active principles or specific chemical group with insecticidal action, among them the alkaloids. The Prosopis juliflora algarobeira presents several substances with insecticidal and antifungal properties. Thus, the objective of this research was to evaluate the insecticidal effect of the alcoholic and aqueous extracts of algarobeira leaves on the black aphid of the common bean Aphis craccivora (Hemiptera: Aphididae). The experiment was carried out in the UAST experimental area. Statistical analyzes were performed by analysis of variance, using the Tukey test with significance level at 5% probability, using the Sisvar 5.6 (2011) computational package. It was observed that the dosages of FAT (100, 50, 25 and 10 mL / L) did not present significant toxicity, where there was no mortality of A. craccivora. Using the aqueous extract of the algaroba, a mortality ranging from 5.94% and 30.12% of the black aphid was observed. It is concluded that the algaroba extract presented low efficiency on the mortality of A. craccivora.