03.1 - Graduação (UAST)
URI permanente desta comunidadehttps://arandu.ufrpe.br/handle/123456789/2926
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Resultados da Pesquisa
Item Avaliação da aplicação de molibdênio e nitrogênio no crescimento do feijão-caupi irrigado com água salina em ambiente semiárido(2021-12-06) Maciel, Lucas Henrique; Oliveira, Alexandre Campelo de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8164135937542569; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3063695672625738Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) has its center of origin located in the African continent, being introduced in Brazil around the 16th century and is still recognized today as one of the most consumed legumes in the North and Northeast regions. Its cultivation is expressive by irrigating farmers, however, the water used is of poor quality and extremely saline. This salinity can affect the absorption of nitrogen, an important macronutrient for the growth and development of the legume and associating with this condition the deficiency of molybdenum, an important micronutrient in nitrogen metabolism, which together can be an important nutritional management strategy to provide the expression of maximum productive potential of cowpea. The objective of this work was to evaluate the behavior of cowpea cv. IPA 207, when subjected to increasing doses of molybdenum associated with nitrogen doses, aiming to establish the treatment that would enable the best increment of the studied variables. The experimental design used was in randomized blocks, generating a factorial scheme, 5x2x4, totaling 40 experimental units, with the following treatments: 5 doses of molybdenum (0, 40, 80, 120 and 160 g/ha) and two doses of nitrogen ( 0, 80 kg/ha) and 4 repetitions. The molybdenum source used was sodium molybdate, and urea was nitrogen. Treatments were applied 23 days after seedling emergence. The variables studied were: plant height (cm), stem diameter (mm), number of pods per plant, number of grains per pod, mass of one hundred grains (g), fresh and dry mass of shoot (g), fresh and dry root mass (g) and the activity of the nitrate reductase enzyme. The data obtained were submitted to analysis of variance and then to polynomial regression analysis. The increasing doses of molybdenum applied via the leaves in association with nitrogen fertilization positively influenced the activity of the nitrate reductase enzyme, as well as the accumulation of fresh and dry matter of cowpea, in addition to the significant increase in the variables number of grains per pod and number of pods per plant.Item Uso de bioestimulante no capim-corrente submetido ao estresse hídrico(2020-08-17) Souza, José Victor da Silva; Leite, Maurício Luiz de Mello Vieira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4204641633941814; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6836501799019536The use of biostimulants in plants promotes activities similar to phytohormones. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the influence of a biostimulant on the growth and accumulation of phytomass in plants of urocloa grass (Urochloa mosambicensis), submitted to water stress conditions. The test was conducted from September to December 2019, in the experimental area of the Study Group on Forage (GEFOR), of the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Academic Unit of Serra Talhada (UFRPE-UAST). The design used was in randomized blocks, in a 4x2 factorial scheme, with four levels of water replacement, based on the culture evapotranspiration (ETc): 25%.ETc, 50%.ETc, 75%.ETc and 100%.ETc and two levels of a commercial Acadian® biostimulant (0 and 8 ml per liter), with four replications, totaling 32 experimental units, represented by vessels. Urocloa grass growth was monitored every seven days during a growth cycle. The structural characteristics were evaluated: plant height and width, stem length and diameter, number of: total tillers, fully expanded leaves, expanding leaves and senescent leaves. The leaf area was estimated, nondestructively, based on the linear dimensions of the length and width of the leaf blade. At the end of the cycle, the fresh and dry mass of the morphological components and the total aerial part were determined. The evaluation data were subjected to the normality test, homoscedasticity and analysis of variance by Test F. Since F was significant, the treatment means were compared using the Tukey test at 5% probability. The results showed that for most of the morphometric variables there was no interaction between the levels of biostimulant and the ETc levels. In the absence of the biostimulant, the largest stem diameter was obtained, except for 100% .ETc. Urocloa grass has a moderate tolerance to water stress.Item Práticas de Produção de Caprinos e Ovinos na Fazenda Cachoeira/IPA Sertânia-PE(2020-10-03) Menezes, Ana Flávia Novaes de Carvalho; Ribeiro, Valéria Louro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2677739330576168; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5085891860796204Item Crescimento de espécies da Caatinga sob diferentes condições de estresses abióticos(2024-02-15) Moura, Márcia Bruna Marim de; Souza, Luciana Sandra Bastos de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1186468548787818; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9275493400169999The Caatinga is the largest tropical dry forest in South America and encompasses enormous biodiversity, playing an essential role in ecosystem services. However, anthropogenic pressure has intensified the degradation of the Caatinga's native vegetation cover and soil salinization. The aim of this study was to evaluate the morphological responses of Handroanthus impetiginosus (Mart. ex DC.) Mattos and Handroanthus spongiosus (Rizzini) S. Grose seedling species to the use of natural resources when subjected to the combined stresses of salinity and water deficit. The work was carried out between July 10 and November 20, 2023, inside a nursery located in the Serra Talhada Academic Unit, in the municipality of Serra Talhada-PE. The seeds were sown in a tray and then transplanted into polyethylene bags with a capacity of 8 kg, which were filled with soil and sand in a 2:1 ratio. The plants were arranged in a completely randomized experimental design, with four replications. The species were subjected to three water regimes (RH) based on reference evapotranspiration (ETo): RH1 -50%, RH2- 75% and RH3-100% of ETo, and four salinity levels: N1 - mains water (0.27 dS/m), N2 - 2.52 dS/m, N3 - 6.35 dS/m and N4 - 7.38 dS/m. Biometric data was obtained at 15-day intervals: height (ALT), number of leaves (NF), collar diameter (DC). At the end of the experiments, information on total plant biomass and its partitioning was acquired. The results showed that H. impetiginosus was more tolerant to the conditions analyzed. The species showed greater sensitivity to salt stress, which negatively influenced growth and dry biomass accumulation by up to 98%. Increased water deficit reduced height, collar diameter, number of leaves, root biomass and total biomass. The best performing water table was 100% for both species.Item Distribuição geográfica e status de conservação de espécies de Sebastiania spreng. (euphorbiacea) endêmicas do nordeste do Brasil.(2023-09-19) Magalhães, Thais Nunes; Melo, André Laurênio de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0908553047440221; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6803077394499902Sebastiania Spreng. is a Neotropical taxon that is part of Hippomaneae, a tribe that has around 33 genera and approximately 300 species. In Brazil, the center of diversity of the genus, it is represented by nine species (S. brasiliensis, S. brevifolia, S. jacobinensis, S. larensis, S. macrocarpa, S. pteroclada, S. riparia, S. subsessilis and S. trinervia of which seven are endemic. The genus is distributed in theextraAmazonian portion of the country, with most species occurring inseasonally dry forests, especially in the caatinga and semi-deciduous forests of the Southeast, Center-West and South, rarely in the Atlantic Forest and, it is common, to be found inthe banks of rivers and streams.The present study aimed to evaluate the geographic distribution of Sebastiania species endemic to Northeast Brazil. This work recorded 3 species distributed across the region's phytophysiognomies, all of which are endemic to the Brazilian Northeast. The species chosen were Sebastiania brevifolia, S. jacobinensis and S. macrocarpa. A data collection was carried out using speciesLink, with the purpose of generating spread sheets with the occurrence data of the selected species. With this data, a map was generated with all the geographic distributions of the selected species using QGIS model 2.18.28. The Northeast regions that presented the highest degree of richness in the number of specimens were Bahia, Pernambuco and Ceará, followed bySergipe, Rio Grande do Norte and Paraíba. Among the species analyzed, S. macrocarpa was the one with the widest distribution, having records in the states of Bahia, Pernambuco, Ceará, Paraíba and Rio Grande do Norte. Sebastiania jacobinensis was distributed in four states (Bahia, Pernambuco, Ceará and Sergipe) and S. brevifolia was distributed in only three states (Bahia, Pernambuco and Ceará). According to their conservation status according to IUCN (2019), S. brevifolia and jacobinensis are considered of little concern due to their range of occurrence and may be considered endangered. S. macrocarpa is now considered tobe of concern, according to IUCN criteria (2019), also presenting it as endangeredItem Ocupação de ninhos-armadilha por abelhas e vespas solitárias (Hymenoptera, Aculeata)(2023-09-22) Silva, Mirella Cruz de Sa e; Oliveira, Mikail Olinda de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4962593504082966; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9886581010910725The present study aimed to analyze the occupation and acceptance of trap nests by solitary bees and wasps (Hymenoptera, Aculeata), as well as identify possible nesting preferences. The Experiment was carried out on the campus of the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Academic Unit of Serra Talhada, during the months of November 2022 to July 2023. Observations were carried out weekly, during eight months of sampling. To carry out the sampling, four cylindrical wooden blocks (CB) (n=100) were used, with cavities with diameters of 6 and 8mm. The CBs were made with high-density native wood (Astronium urundeuva (M.Allemão) Engl.), untreated. The results showed that 58 nests were founded during the study period. The nesting activity of solitary bees was higher than that of solitary wasps throughout the study period. There was a preference for occupying cavities with 6mm in diameter, ensured by a significant statistical difference (p<0.0001), when compared to occupying cavities with 8mm in diameter. Three types of materials used to close the end of the nests were identified, with clay being the least frequent material with 13.79% of the total nests, while resin was the second most used with 39.66%, followed by the aggregate of mixtures with resin, with the highest proportion 46.55%. The results indicated that the species that nested in the study area prefer narrower cavities. Furthermore, the present study highlights the uncertainty of the influence of the environment on the nesting activity of solitary species, and it is ideal to adopt caution when choosing the location for installing trap nests.Item A relação e os acidentes com serpentes em comunidades quilombolas no semiárido brasileiro(2022-10-21) Vieira, Diogo Michel; Almeida, Cauê Guion de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2072654463873094; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3839301143707814The relationship between humans and reptiles, especially snakes, is most often conflictive. In the Brazilian semiarid region, in quilombo communities surrounding the Serra do Giz Wildlife Refuge, the inhabitants live in close contact with the local fauna. Understanding the relationship between humans and snakes is essential so that conservation actions directed to these animals can be carried out. Therefore, this study investigated the relationship and perception that community dwellers have about snakes, as well as the procedures adopted in case of accidents with poisonous snakes. Fifty-five informants were interviewed through semi-structured forms, complemented by free interviews and informal conversations. There is a conflicting relationship between the inhabitants of the quilombo communities and snakes, which are seen as dangerous and cause of fear, which ends up leading most people to kill the animals during an encounter. Also, accidents involving snakes and humans are common in the communities, as are accidents involving snakes and domestic animals. In the case of accidents with humans and snakes, instead of seeking medical attention as recommended by the public health service, it is common for the victims to adopt procedures to treat the poisoning and its symptoms, learned through experience or transmitted most of the time by older people. Some procedures may be beneficial, others may worsen the patient's condition, and others have no scientific confirmation that they are beneficial or harmful. The existence of this conflict with snakes, however, does not justify the extermination of these animals, which brings enormous environmental damage since snakes have an important role in the ecological balance. Fear, ignorance, and the inability to correctly identify a poisonous snake need to be addressed through public policies of environmental education which teach that not all of the snakes pose as a risk of accidents and that they need to be preserved, as well as public policies and projects for accidents prevention and safety during work on farms or in activities near the forest. Ethnozoological studies should be encouraged because they are important tools for designing actions and strategies for animal conservation and recording traditional knowledge.Item Performance de mudas de espécies ocorrentes na caatinga sob estratégias de manejo: subsídios para recuperação de áreas degradadas(2022-06-03) Gomes, Francielly Leite; Souza, Luciana Sandra Bastos de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1186468548787818; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9531466442630621The intense degradation of the Caatinga associated with its susceptibility to climate change puts the Biome's biodiversity at risk and brings important reflections on the strategies used to mitigate these effects. Urgent measures need to be taken in order to understand the mechanisms that allow the establishment of different species in the environment and the use of techniques that are more conducive to actions to restore the environment. For the Caatinga, information of this nature is scarce. Based on this, this work sought to analyze the performance of different native species submitted to different management strategies with low implementation costs, which can be replicated in other similar areas. The present work proposed to apply nucleation techniques combined with different soil management strategies to recover a degraded portion of the caatinga. For this, an experiment was carried out at the Academic Unit of Serra Talhada, from 11 March to 2 May of 2022. Four treatments related to soil management were adopted: T1 = control, T2 = soil and gel, T3 = soil and compost and T4 = gel and compound and five species: Anadenanthera colubrina (Vell.) Brenan, Cratylia mollis Mart. ex Benth., Libidibia ferrea (Mart. ex Tul.) L. P. Queiroz, Handroanthus impetiginosus (Mart. ex DC.) Mattos e Sesbania virgata (Cav.) Poir., using the nucleation technique, arranged in a randomized block design with 3 replications. At 8-day intervals, monitoring was carried out to analyze the biometric parameters of the seedlings: plant height (ALT), number of leaves (NF), collar diameter (DC), canopy projection (directions: NorthSouth and East-West ) and survival. Our results showed that: 1) The use of organic compost 8 favored the number of leaves and the diameter of the collar of the species, but did not influence the height and projection of the crown. 2) The use of hydrogel only favored the foliar increment of Angico and Pau ferro species, but did not favor the development of biometric aspects for the other species. 3) The use of the nucleation technique proved to be efficient for the development of plants and increase in biodiversity in degraded areas.Item Diversidade de aves noturnas na caatinga no estado de Pernambuco, Brasil(2022-05-26) Boaventura, Angela Maria Mateus; Fernandes, Alexandre Mendes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0273567197386804; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4028586068332184Birds have an important ecological role, acting as bioindicators of environmental quality, among other aspects. Currently, the Brazilian avifauna is home to 1.971 species, of which about 510 are found in the Caatinga domain and 23 are endemic. In the Caatinga, no studies were found exclusively focused on the diversity of nocturnal birds in this phytogeographic region, and this is the first research of this nature. In this context, the present work aimed to determine the diversity of nocturnal birds in two areas of caatinga in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil: in the Mata da Pimenteira State Park (PEMP), Serra Talhada -PE and in the Sítio Várzea Grande (SITIO), Calumbi – PE. Nocturnal samplings were carried out from April 2019 to December 2021, proceeding to record the species through spontaneous recordings of the birds' vocalization. In addition, the effect of lunar illumination, temperature, precipitation, cloud cover and wind on the detectability of birds' vocalization was evaluated. The diversity of species was obtained through the Shannon Diversity Index (H') and the effectiveness in the collections was analyzed through the rarefaction curve. The richness of eight species of nocturnal birds was found in the evaluated areas, belonging to the Strigiformes, Nyctibiiformes and Caprimulgiformes orders. Of these, six were present at PMPE and seven at SITIO. Also noteworthy is the first occurrence of Aegolius harrisii, for the Caatinga domain, thus expanding the distribution of the species. It was also observed that precipitation presented a positive correlation with detectability, however, no significant differences were found in the correlation tests in relation to the other variables analyzed. Due to this controversy, more studies between nocturnal bird communities and exogenous factors should be done, in order to better understand the biology of nocturnal birds in the Neotropical region.Item Uso do hidrogel e da fibra de coco para o crescimento das espécies utilizadas em reflorestamento(2021-03-12) Silva, Michel André de Lima e; Silva, Luzia Ferreira da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6320449537171549The use of alternative techniques for planting in reforestation areas in the northeastern semiarid is essential, as the region is very peculiar with low precipitation, high temperatures and low relative humidity. The practices, to increase the humidity in the planting, are still scarce, mainly with the use of hydrogel and coconut fiber. Thus, the objective of this work was to verify whether hydrogel and coconut fiber contribute to the survival and growth of native seedlings in the field. The study was carried out on a rural property close to the Itaparica dam and São Francisco river, in the municipality of Petrolândia, State of Pernambuco. Fifteen individuals of each species were selected: braúna, catingueira, aroeira do sertão, monkfish and umbuzeiro.The design used in randomized blocks, with five replications and three treatments: control, coconut fiber and hydrogel, totaling 75 experimental units. The data were subjected to analysis of variance and the means compared by Tukey's test at 5% probability and simple linear regression with the variables studied. Data collection performed every 15 days in the field, for a period of 90 days, in which plant height, crown and neck diameter were evaluated. The species responded well, with a high survival rate (93,33%). The best species in height growth: catingueira (69,30% and 59,32%) and umbuzeiro (43,86% and 60,54%), respectivament, in hydrogel and coconut fiber treatments. These results are related to good moisture retention in the soil, which favored the growth of the seedlings. The catingueira had the largest canopy diameter in the three treatments, with hydrogel being the best treatment (31,53%) and the worst for umbuzeiro (5,75%) and monkfish (4,92%). In the variable neck diameter, umbuzeiro had the best result (7,25%) in coconut fiber and in hydrogel in catingueira (6,99%). The catingueira and umbuzeiro seedlings showed better growth in the studied variables, which guarantees a good survival of the species.