03. Unidade Acadêmica de Serra Talhada (UAST)
URI permanente desta comunidadehttps://arandu.ufrpe.br/handle/123456789/2925
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Item Crescimento de espécies da Caatinga sob diferentes condições de estresses abióticos(2024-02-15) Moura, Márcia Bruna Marim de; Souza, Luciana Sandra Bastos de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1186468548787818; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9275493400169999The Caatinga is the largest tropical dry forest in South America and encompasses enormous biodiversity, playing an essential role in ecosystem services. However, anthropogenic pressure has intensified the degradation of the Caatinga's native vegetation cover and soil salinization. The aim of this study was to evaluate the morphological responses of Handroanthus impetiginosus (Mart. ex DC.) Mattos and Handroanthus spongiosus (Rizzini) S. Grose seedling species to the use of natural resources when subjected to the combined stresses of salinity and water deficit. The work was carried out between July 10 and November 20, 2023, inside a nursery located in the Serra Talhada Academic Unit, in the municipality of Serra Talhada-PE. The seeds were sown in a tray and then transplanted into polyethylene bags with a capacity of 8 kg, which were filled with soil and sand in a 2:1 ratio. The plants were arranged in a completely randomized experimental design, with four replications. The species were subjected to three water regimes (RH) based on reference evapotranspiration (ETo): RH1 -50%, RH2- 75% and RH3-100% of ETo, and four salinity levels: N1 - mains water (0.27 dS/m), N2 - 2.52 dS/m, N3 - 6.35 dS/m and N4 - 7.38 dS/m. Biometric data was obtained at 15-day intervals: height (ALT), number of leaves (NF), collar diameter (DC). At the end of the experiments, information on total plant biomass and its partitioning was acquired. The results showed that H. impetiginosus was more tolerant to the conditions analyzed. The species showed greater sensitivity to salt stress, which negatively influenced growth and dry biomass accumulation by up to 98%. Increased water deficit reduced height, collar diameter, number of leaves, root biomass and total biomass. The best performing water table was 100% for both species.Item Condicionadores do solo como potencializadores do crescimento de forrageiras na agricultura biossalina(2019) Leal, Larissa de Sá Gomes; Pessoa, Luiz Guilherme Medeiros; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1540664578909440; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8541410734100163The secondary salinization, resulting from inadequate soil management practices has grown substantially in recent yearsamong soil degradation processes in Brazilian semiarid region. Its evolution, without intervention, tends to make agricultural production unviable, followed by desertification and abandonment of salinized areas. In view of its social, environmental and economic impacts, it is necessary to develop remediation techniques for such degraded soils. Thus, this work aimed to evaluate the performance of three forage species adapted to the semiarid and the potential of mixing soil conditioners, as a strategy for the use of degraded areas by salts. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design, in a 3x4 factorial arrangement and four replications, the first factor was the forage species and the second one were the soil conditioners mixture. For this, a Cambisol was used, classified as a saline-sodic soil. The soilsamplewas collected in the upper layer (0-20 cm), sieved and standardized, for assembly of the experiment and for chemical characterization. Then, it was packed in polyethylene vessels with 14 kg of soil, where they received the mixtures of soil conditioners: T1: control (without soil conditioner), T2: gypsum + organic matter, T3: elemental sulfur + organic matter, T4: gypsum + organic matter + elemental sulfur. One month after soil conditioners application, seedlings of sorghum, gliricidia and atriplex were transplanted. Irrigation was performed on alternate days, with an irrigation level equivalent to 40% of field capacity. The applied gypsum rate was 16.9 t ha-1, the sulfur was 3.97 tha-1and the organic matter was 30 t ha-1. At 60 days after transplanting the seedlings were collected and fractionated in roots, stems and leaves to obtain their fresh, dry and total weights; allocation of biomass, sodium, chloride and potassium in plant compartments; electrical conductivity of the saturation extract, pH, sodium and potassium content, and exchangeable sodium percentage in the soil after the experiment. Also the sodium absorption efficiency and transferwere determined. For the conditions of studied salinity, Atriplex is the most suitable for forage production and recovery of this soil. The conditioners did not influence the biomass production of the plants, however, their use associated to the halophyte cultivation contributed to the improvement of the chemical attributes of soil, promoting a greater reduction of the EC, ESP, and sodium, chlorine and potassium contentsof the soil, compared to the crop in their absence. The combination of gypsum + organic matter allowed greater accumulation of sodium, potassium and chlorine in the leaves, as well as a greaterreduction of EC and ESP. Therefore, for the production of forage and remediation of the area whose soil was collected for this research, it is recommended the use of Atriplex nummulariaassociated to the application of gypsum + organic matter to accelerate the remediation process.