Licenciatura em Química (Sede)
URI permanente desta comunidadehttps://arandu.ufrpe.br/handle/123456789/26
Siglas das Coleções:
APP - Artigo Publicado em Periódico
TAE - Trabalho Apresentado em Evento
TCC - Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso
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Resultados da Pesquisa
Item Abordagem da história da Química nas teorias ácido base nos livros didáticos do PNLD 2018(2023-09-20) Ferreira, Gabrielly Simões; Leite, Bruno Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4932752031807872; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2558554946002483The concepts of acids and bases are of great interest in chemistry, however, the approach to this topic is being seen in a distorted way without considering the context of its development, which ends up causing generalizations in its understanding, which causes a misunderstanding of these concepts. by the students. One of the main generalizations is the approach found in textbooks, which do not take into account the historical context in which these concepts were inserted, thus, the importance of evaluating the history of science in Chemistry textbooks is worth considering as a way of aiding teaching. of these concepts. Acids and bases have been known since antiquity and, over time, scholars tried to define them, a consequence of which were the great scientific contributions to the sciences, such as those of Boyle, Joseph Black, Lavoisier, and many other names, until reaching the most current definitions for acids and bases. Therefore, the objective of this work is to evaluate the inclusion of the history of Science in the content of acids and bases in the PNLD 2018 Chemistry textbooks. The methodology for evaluating the works consisted of three categories: Quantity of historical content, approach and quality of historical information. In addition to analyzing four criteria: anecdotal stories; linearity, absence of the broader historical context and consensuality. Among the books evaluated, some do not present historical content, and those that do, for the most part, are presented in a minimal and unsatisfactory way. In only one of the works does the historical content satisfy, in relation to the inclusion of the history of chemistry in the teaching of acid/base concepts, in addition to the distorted views on science appearing frequently in the LDQ of the PNLD 2018. The PNLD points to the history of Science as a fundamental characteristic that must be included in textbooks, however, this does not occur satisfactorily and, despite there being broader definitions regarding the topic, Arrhenius' definitions are the most used or the only one covered in PNLD chemistry textbooks. 2018.Item A evolução histórica do conceito de elemento químico está presente nos livros didáticos do PNLD 2021?(2023-05-03) Nascimento, Gleybson Rodrigues do; Almeida, Maria Ângela Vasconcelos de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7841487134333019; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1751589909512790The main theme of this work is the historical development of the concept of element over time, seeking to understand how this concept has undergone profound changes. We chose the historical evolution of that concept as we recognize that it is fundamental for the evolution of chemistry as a modern and contemporary science. In this sense, we will analyze how the historical context related to the evolution of the concept of chemical element is addressed in high school textbooks. Such an analysis begins with the understanding that the concept has its beginnings in antiquity and undergoes a profound change in the period called modernity. Therefore, we are going to start the historical construction from conceptions of ancient philosophers and scientists in modernity, changing the previous paradigm regarding the concept of element. Therefore, the main objective of this work is to identify whether high school book collections use the historical development of the concept. For this, four books were chosen from six different collections of the High School PNLD 2021, to check if there is historical coherence about the concept of element and the way they are presented. Finally, thanks to the analysis of these books, the results indicate that the concept of chemical element present in high school books is still essentially traditional, since this conceptualization is done in an isolated way, with little or no historical approach, even if the concept (its definition) is correctly specified.Item Energia, substância e vida: como os jogadores de videogame (gamers) entendem esses conceitos?(2022-05-30) Barbosa, Leandro José; Simões Neto, José Euzébio; Silva, Flávia Cristiane Vieira da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7354496286889274; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3560726840212196; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3815549830656148Conceptual Profiles were thought of by Mortimer as a way to model the heterogeneity of thinking in Science classrooms and, over the decades, came to rely on a theoretical and methodological framework that allows thinking of the proposal as a theory of learning, the Theory of the Conceptual Profiles. The proposition of conceptual profiles, theoretical and methodological reflections and applications in the classroom configure the most usual paths of investigations in this research program, however, more recently, some works focus attention on ways of thinking and ways of speaking related to communities of practice, groups that share the same interests. Thus, we situate the present work in this perspective, presenting the general objective, to analyze the emergence of the zones of the conceptual profiles of Energy, Substance and Life in images and in videos of classic video games, which were presented to three gamers, with different relationships with the Natural Sciences, which work in different institutions, but which are part of the same community of practice. Based on a semi-structured interview with the participants, we sought to analyze the emergence of ways of thinking about such concepts, based on their ways of speaking, when placed in specific situations of the games, based on the situations presented, images and short excerpts from games, displayed on video. In the analyses, we seek to associate the ways of speaking with the ways of thinking that are characteristic of the zones of each of the conceptual profiles considered. We perceive the emergence of several areas of the highlighted conceptual profiles, associated with each of the presented contexts, in game situations, taking into account the pragmatic value of each way of thinking. Still, we consider the proposal as a possibility to broaden the understanding of fundamental concepts in Science, in situations outside the classroom, expanding the directions for the research program in conceptual profiles.Item Concepções alternativas de estudantes do EJA: transformação química versus transformação física(2019-12-16) Ferreira, André dos Santos Freitas; Almeida, Maria Ângela Vasconcelos de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7841487134333019; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6832004513675390Alternative conceptions are ideas that students present about certain phenomena that do not coincide with scientific knowledge. One of the causes of alternative conceptions arising or remaining comes from the use of teaching models that do not confront or do not take into account students' previous conceptions. Such teaching perspectives can be seen in this paper, where we chose to describe the teaching models classified by Cachapuz, Praia and Jorge (2002), because we understand that the arrangement of their models is more complete. The teaching models that precede our teaching by conceptual change are: traditional teaching and discovery teaching. In the traditional model the teacher transmits the contents and the students receive passively, memorably and mechanically. In the discovery model teachers look for practical strategies for students to discover scientific concepts on their own. Our research is based on the conceptual change model, in which we develop strategies to identify and analyze students' alternative conceptions (CA) of chemical versus physical transformations. The target of the research was the students of a state school in Recife, from the Young and Adults Teaching course (EJA). We made use of the experimental activity with simple and easily accessible materials, facilitating students' learning. In the theoretical-practical class, the concepts of chemical versus physical transformations were worked on. Students had the opportunity to reconstruct their conceptions of chemical transformation and physical transformation in accordance with scientific concepts. In the obtained results one can notice advances after comparing the old conceptions of the students and their new ones acquired after the experience of experimental activity and dialogued classes.Item Análise de diferentes modos de pensar e falar sobre calor expressados por estudantes a partir do trabalho com vídeos e estudo de caso(2018-08-28) Gomes, Gabriel Soares; Amaral, Edenia Maria Ribeiro do; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5241130686153506; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8975279027875743This study proposes a didactic sequence focusing on the use of videos. Our objective was to analyze different ways of thinking and ways of speaking expressed by students in chemistry classrooms, from different contexts, brought in videos about situations and phenomena involving the concepts of heat. We believe that the use of didactic strategies that count on the exhibition of videos can establish a new dynamics of contextualization in the classroom, structuring the teaching and facilitating the students' learning. The application of the didactic sequence happened with students of the second year of High School in a reference school in Olinda-PE, the sequence had four moments, in the first one the previous conceptions were raised and the profile of the students with the videos were traced, in the second and in the third moment the concept of heat was approached in an expositive dialogues class having two videos as resource. The videos that were used in the didactic sequence are of the YouTube channel of Minutephysics, being chosen those that talk about heat. At the end of the third moment a study case containing three situations was delivered so that the students could solve the case, in the fourth and last moment the students presented the solutions found by each group and a video was presented. To analyze the data, we used the theory of the conceptual profile proposed by Mortimer (1995) to understand the process of conceptualization about heat from dynamic articulations between different ways of thinking and speaking that find meaning in specific contexts. We will take into consideration the conceptual profile proposed by Amaral and Mortimer for the heat (2001). Based on the zones of the conceptual profile of heat, we analyzed the videos used in the sequence and found the rationalist zone, the realist and the empirical one, for the previous conceptions raised we had the emergence of the rationalist zone and the realistic zone. At the first moment of the sequence the students emerged the rationalist zone, in the second moment the rationalist zone is found in the solutions. In the third moment two zones arise, the rationalist and the realistic. The results show that the videos can promote the emergence of diverse contexts and the discussion of different ways of thinking and ways of talking about the concept of heat. We emphasize the importance of this and other resources being introduced in the initial training so that future teachers experience innovative experiences in chemistry teaching and can include them in their teaching practice.