TCC - Engenharia Florestal (Sede)
URI permanente para esta coleçãohttps://arandu.ufrpe.br/handle/123456789/436
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Item Biossegurança nos laboratórios de pesquisa e práticas do Departamento de Ciência Florestal da Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco(2019-12-03) Lima, Carlos Roberto de; Berger, Rute; Galdino, Rosa Maria Nunes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0318992418792614; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5395827385005105; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2847013832175027To prevent accidents and discarding of residues, as well as the use of suitable equipment to the laboratory, is the main challenge of biosecurity that should be induced on every beginner laboratory users, as well to the “experienced” ones at any activity setup, that utilize a place to prepare activities, which manipulates products or procedures that are dangerous to human, animal and environment health. Objectified analysis of three Research Laboratories utilized to practical classes, two being of computer science and the other the tree nursery from the department of forestry science of Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco – Campus Recife , on the criteria established on norms and work safety laws, Solid Residues and Effluents, as well to evaluate the risks of the activities and to generate a risk map. The methodology included the gathering of processes and activities executed at each laboratory, by each of its respective coordinators and researchers. There were observed problems on the infrastructure and the use of individual and collective safety equipment, the lack of adequate personal training, which requires attention and investments from the State about the biosecurity.Item Estimativa de biomassa em povoamento clonal de Eucalyptus sob o manejo de talhadia aos 36 meses de idade(2023-04-24) Silva, Jonatas Carlos da; Berger, Rute; Hakamada, Rodrigo Eiji; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4186459700983170; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5395827385005105; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0314188517416061Studies on the quantification of individual stem biomass are fundamental to determining the productivity of planted forests, facilitating forest management and planning activities, especially in coppice systems, which can reduce costs by up to 60% compared to high forest management. The aim of this study is to establish the best statistical models for estimating aboveground and wood biomass production, as well as questioning the use of general equations and previous rotation for Eucalyptus clones. The research was carried out in Mogi Guaçu-SP. Biomass was collected from the destructive analysis of clones, with 0.3 kg of leaves collected from each third of the canopy and branches, and discs removed at DBH (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% with a diameter of 5 cm) of the stem, based on the total height of the tree. In the field, all aboveground compartments were weighed separately to obtain the total wet weight, while in the laboratory, each compartment was dried in a forced ventilation oven at 65°C to obtain the dry weight. Through regression analysis, adjusted equations were obtained, using total biomass and wood biomass (Bi) as the dependent variable and DBH and total height (H) of the trees as the independent variables. The Schumacher-Hall model showed the best fit for all clones, with the highest adjusted R² and the smallest standard errors of estimate. Based on this model, a general equation for wood biomass of clones on the site was adjusted, however, individual equations for each clone showed higher precision in individual biomass estimates. The adjusted equation in the first rotation of the stand overestimated the individual biomass of three clones by 22% and showed greater dispersion in clones with lower survival. Based on the results obtained, individual biomass estimation equations should be adjusted taking into account the silvicultural system and genotypes.Item Histórico das mudanças nas classes de uso e cobertura do solo nas fazendas da Eucatex no estado de São Paulo(2022-09-27) Silva, Yasmim Victória de Araújo e; Berger, Rute; Marques, Luísa Pereira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1603075418219366; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5395827385005105; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0643141145421813The consumption of forest-based products has increased in recent decades and forestry has been considered a strategic segment to collaborate and encourage the increase in the production of wood products. Until 2019, forest plantations represented about 9.8 million hectares in Brazil. The first land use and land cover classification system with remote sensing data aimed to identify the different categories of land classes. Land cover changes can be related to conversions, which are the complete replacement of one type of cover with another. The objective of this work was to measure the conversion of areas in forest management farms planted with Eucalyptus sp. of Eucatex Florestal, which are the scope of forest certification (FSC-FM), following the natural forest in an interval of up to 27 years (1994 – 2021). The study areas correspond to 51 Eucatex Florestal farms in the regions of Botucatu, Sorocaba and Bauru, in the state of São Paulo, distributed in 18 municipalities. In this study, Eucalyptus is not planted in conjunction with natural forest, but at the stands for commercial purposes, and areas with native species are separated by setbacks or trails. Imagery from satellite Landsat 5, 7, and 8 was used, depending on availability for the requested date. The images were downloaded from the Earth Explorer website and the maximum likelihood method was applied. Of the 51 farms analyzed, 43 had an increase in their natural forest areas and only eight had some type of vegetation loss. The Morrinhos Radar farm showed the greatest increase in the “natural forest” class since 1994, totaling 455.13 ha converted. The Santa Filomena farm had the greatest area loss, with 39.82 ha of its natural forest areas lost, and the other seven farms lost less than 10 ha. There was a increase in the natural forest cover spontaneously, without the application of forest restoration techniques, only with the isolation of the areas. The farms lost more area of natural forest before being acquired by the company, whereas after the implantation of the Eucalyptus stands, there was an increase in the natural areas. The culture of Eucalyptus sp. did not interfere with the regeneration of natural forest areas.Item Índice de área foliar a partir de fotografias hemisféricas em eucalyptus spp. no semiárido brasileiro(2018) Santos, Nattan Ádler Tavares dos; Berger, Rute; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5395827385005105; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5258487866382646Item Monitoramento tecnológico das espécies arbóreas nativas do Brasil(2018) Ribeiro, Isabele Arruda; Berger, Rute; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5395827385005105; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1080675525400531Brazil is a privileged country in geographical location and natural resources, is recognized worldwide for the high productivity of its planted areas and has many universities with innovative research, but on the other hand, it makes few uses of its biodiversity and its species are being studied and reverted in products by other countries. In this context, since the sectors of technological innovation and natural resources has great potential for Brazil, the objective of this work was to analyze the use of native tree species in technological innovations through the national and international patent system. From this, it was possible to: identify the most used species in Brazilian patents, its purpose, the endemism of these species and their distribution by phytogeographic domain; the number of Green Patents; the percentage of Universities, Individuals and Companies, and their source; and compare the national and international scenario. First, the search terms were organized in a table and used for technological monitoring in the INPI patent base. The collected data were analyzed, and once the used species were identified, the site Flora do Brasil was consulted for analyzes of the spatial distribution of these trees. Finally, based on the national results, a search was made on the main international basis. Only one of the documents was considered a Green Patent; 23 states deposited documents that use native tree species, with Sao Paulo being the largest depositor; despite having the fewest species, the Pampa and the Pantanal were the phytogeographic domains that used the most their species in the form of products and processes. Universities are the largest depositors in Brazil, and 16% of Brazilian deposits came from internationals. The main purpose of use was for medicinal preparations and the most cited species was Anacardiumoccidentale L. The species Theobroma grandiflorum (Willd. Ex Spreng.) K.Schum., is the endemic species that was cited in most patents deposited in Brazil, and was mentioned in 15 documents. When surveyed on the international basis, this species has 28 results from 21 countries, however, when the restriction of citing the species only on the document's front page is removed, it goesto 444 patents, which is almost the number of all patents with native tree species found in Brazil.