TCC - Bacharelado em Agronomia (UAST)
URI permanente para esta coleçãohttps://arandu.ufrpe.br/handle/123456789/2928
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Resultados da Pesquisa
Item Avaliação da aplicação de molibdênio e nitrogênio no crescimento do feijão-caupi irrigado com água salina em ambiente semiárido(2021-12-06) Maciel, Lucas Henrique; Oliveira, Alexandre Campelo de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8164135937542569; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3063695672625738Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) has its center of origin located in the African continent, being introduced in Brazil around the 16th century and is still recognized today as one of the most consumed legumes in the North and Northeast regions. Its cultivation is expressive by irrigating farmers, however, the water used is of poor quality and extremely saline. This salinity can affect the absorption of nitrogen, an important macronutrient for the growth and development of the legume and associating with this condition the deficiency of molybdenum, an important micronutrient in nitrogen metabolism, which together can be an important nutritional management strategy to provide the expression of maximum productive potential of cowpea. The objective of this work was to evaluate the behavior of cowpea cv. IPA 207, when subjected to increasing doses of molybdenum associated with nitrogen doses, aiming to establish the treatment that would enable the best increment of the studied variables. The experimental design used was in randomized blocks, generating a factorial scheme, 5x2x4, totaling 40 experimental units, with the following treatments: 5 doses of molybdenum (0, 40, 80, 120 and 160 g/ha) and two doses of nitrogen ( 0, 80 kg/ha) and 4 repetitions. The molybdenum source used was sodium molybdate, and urea was nitrogen. Treatments were applied 23 days after seedling emergence. The variables studied were: plant height (cm), stem diameter (mm), number of pods per plant, number of grains per pod, mass of one hundred grains (g), fresh and dry mass of shoot (g), fresh and dry root mass (g) and the activity of the nitrate reductase enzyme. The data obtained were submitted to analysis of variance and then to polynomial regression analysis. The increasing doses of molybdenum applied via the leaves in association with nitrogen fertilization positively influenced the activity of the nitrate reductase enzyme, as well as the accumulation of fresh and dry matter of cowpea, in addition to the significant increase in the variables number of grains per pod and number of pods per plant.Item Uso de bioestimulante no capim-corrente submetido ao estresse hídrico(2020-08-17) Souza, José Victor da Silva; Leite, Maurício Luiz de Mello Vieira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4204641633941814; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6836501799019536The use of biostimulants in plants promotes activities similar to phytohormones. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the influence of a biostimulant on the growth and accumulation of phytomass in plants of urocloa grass (Urochloa mosambicensis), submitted to water stress conditions. The test was conducted from September to December 2019, in the experimental area of the Study Group on Forage (GEFOR), of the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Academic Unit of Serra Talhada (UFRPE-UAST). The design used was in randomized blocks, in a 4x2 factorial scheme, with four levels of water replacement, based on the culture evapotranspiration (ETc): 25%.ETc, 50%.ETc, 75%.ETc and 100%.ETc and two levels of a commercial Acadian® biostimulant (0 and 8 ml per liter), with four replications, totaling 32 experimental units, represented by vessels. Urocloa grass growth was monitored every seven days during a growth cycle. The structural characteristics were evaluated: plant height and width, stem length and diameter, number of: total tillers, fully expanded leaves, expanding leaves and senescent leaves. The leaf area was estimated, nondestructively, based on the linear dimensions of the length and width of the leaf blade. At the end of the cycle, the fresh and dry mass of the morphological components and the total aerial part were determined. The evaluation data were subjected to the normality test, homoscedasticity and analysis of variance by Test F. Since F was significant, the treatment means were compared using the Tukey test at 5% probability. The results showed that for most of the morphometric variables there was no interaction between the levels of biostimulant and the ETc levels. In the absence of the biostimulant, the largest stem diameter was obtained, except for 100% .ETc. Urocloa grass has a moderate tolerance to water stress.Item Uso do hidrogel e da fibra de coco para o crescimento das espécies utilizadas em reflorestamento(2021-03-12) Silva, Michel André de Lima e; Silva, Luzia Ferreira da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6320449537171549The use of alternative techniques for planting in reforestation areas in the northeastern semiarid is essential, as the region is very peculiar with low precipitation, high temperatures and low relative humidity. The practices, to increase the humidity in the planting, are still scarce, mainly with the use of hydrogel and coconut fiber. Thus, the objective of this work was to verify whether hydrogel and coconut fiber contribute to the survival and growth of native seedlings in the field. The study was carried out on a rural property close to the Itaparica dam and São Francisco river, in the municipality of Petrolândia, State of Pernambuco. Fifteen individuals of each species were selected: braúna, catingueira, aroeira do sertão, monkfish and umbuzeiro.The design used in randomized blocks, with five replications and three treatments: control, coconut fiber and hydrogel, totaling 75 experimental units. The data were subjected to analysis of variance and the means compared by Tukey's test at 5% probability and simple linear regression with the variables studied. Data collection performed every 15 days in the field, for a period of 90 days, in which plant height, crown and neck diameter were evaluated. The species responded well, with a high survival rate (93,33%). The best species in height growth: catingueira (69,30% and 59,32%) and umbuzeiro (43,86% and 60,54%), respectivament, in hydrogel and coconut fiber treatments. These results are related to good moisture retention in the soil, which favored the growth of the seedlings. The catingueira had the largest canopy diameter in the three treatments, with hydrogel being the best treatment (31,53%) and the worst for umbuzeiro (5,75%) and monkfish (4,92%). In the variable neck diameter, umbuzeiro had the best result (7,25%) in coconut fiber and in hydrogel in catingueira (6,99%). The catingueira and umbuzeiro seedlings showed better growth in the studied variables, which guarantees a good survival of the species.Item Práticas agrícolas combinadas em ciclos sucessivos de milheto e de palma forrageira: filocrono, caracteristicas estruturais e suas relações com a produtividade(2021-02-23) Silva, Gabriel Italo Novaes da; Jardim, Alexandre Maniçoba da Rosa Ferraz; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9981205244282499; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6333786792535599The Brazilian semiarid region has low rainfall, causing an impact on the production of forages. Thus, the objective of the study was to evaluate the influence of different agricultural practices under the structural characteristics, phyllochron and productivity of forage cactus and millet in successive cycles. The experiment was carried out from June 2016 to June 2020, with a randomized block design and six treatments: exclusive cactus with and without mulch, exclusive millet with and without mulch and intercropped with and without mulch dead (PECC, PESC, MECC, MESC, PMCC and PMSC, respectively). forage cactus, clone Orelha de Elefante Mexicana were conducted; and nine cycles of millet, cultivate BRS1501 for the first three and the last six cycles to cultivate IPA Bulk117 1, irrigated by drip system three times a week (monday, wednesday and friday). To determine the structural characteristics, monthly biometrics were performed, while forage yield, the cultures were harvested. The phyllochron was determined by the inverse of the rate of emission of cladodes and leaves, which is obtained by the angular coefficient of the linear regression between the total number of cladodes (or leaves) and the accumulated days degrees. With the data on structural characteristics and performance, principal component analysis (PCA) was applied. The adopted systems had almost no influence on the structural characteristics of the palm, and of the millet, although when intercropped there was a reduction of these measures in the palm and in the millet due to greater competition. The cactus phyllochron did not suffer much influence from the systems, whereas the millet phyllochron suffered a reduction when submitted to the consortium. The ACP showed that most of the biometric variables influenced the yield, phyllochron of millet and that the ACP in the palm showed that the adoption of mulch has a greater relationship with the productivity of the palm and already for the millet what influences is the biometric variables and not the system of production.Item Manejo de corte da palma forrageira: entendendo a dinâmica de crescimento e o efeito na eficiência de produção(2021-02-23) Santos, João Pedro Alves de Souza; Silva, Thieres George Freire da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0213450385240546; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5426749144869447Cultural practices such as cutting management can assist in the growth dynamics of forage species. The understanding of these techniques helps in the production of food in order to reduce the impacts resulting from climate changes. This study investigated the effect of palm management to understand the source-drain relationship and its influence on the growth dynamics and accumulation of biomass by the crop. The experiment was conducted at the “International Reference Center for Agrometeorological Studies of Palma and other Forage Plants”, located at the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Serra Talhada Academic Unit, municipality of Serra Talhada. The Mexican Elephant Ear (Opuntia stricta (Haw.) Haw.) And the Girl (Nopalea cochenillifera (L.) Salm-Dyck) clones were used. Planting was carried out in October 2018 with 1.25 x 0.2 m spacing, irrigation was carried out through the drip system with emitters spaced 0.20 m apart, flow of 1.51 L h-1 at a pressure of 1 atm. the water used had an electrical conductivity of 1.51 dS m-1. The irrigation depth was based on the percentage (120%) of the crop evapotranspiration (ETc), with ETc being the relationship between the reference evapotranspiration (ETo) and the crop coefficient (Kc). The design used was randomized blocks, in a 2x2 factorial scheme: Mexican Elephant Ear and Baby, with and without the adoption of cut management (FONDREN), totaling four treatments, with four repetitions. After six months, the arrangement changed to 2x2x2, including the cutting intensities, applied to the two right rows of each plot. The cutting management was renewed in the plots with FONDREN, in the plots without the FONDREN management, a thinning was used, maintaining 1st order cladodes. Initially, management was applied based on the number of 2nd order cladodes (Plants with up to 3 2nd order cladodes, 1 cladode was removed; plants with 4 and 5 2nd order cladodes, 2 cladodes were removed). In the second phase, the cut was based on the number of branches (Plants with up to 3 branches, one was removed; plants with 4 and 5 branches were removed two). Biometric measurements, biomass sampling were collected to calculate growth rates and dry matter accumulation. The results indicated that the FONDREN management provided a high cladode emission rate for the two clones, the OEM clone has characteristics that result in high yield values in relation to the other forage palm clones, the cut management (FONDREN) cooperated in the maximization of the final yields of the OEM, resulting in the best values (p <0.05) of accumulation of fresh and dry matter. The FONDREN with the intensities of cuts, provided a high accumulation of dry matter between the moments of cuts. The clone Orelha de Elefante Mexicana when submitted to FONDREN management, shortened the period of the second phenophase (F2) by approximately 2 months, which suggests an anticipation of the ideal harvest time, and provided the best yields of fresh and dry matter when compared to the Miúda clone.Item Desempenho agronômico de clones de palma forrageira Submetidos a diferentes níveis de potássio(2019-02-14) Silva, Fábio Heráclito da; Leite, Maurício Luiz de Mello Vieira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4204641633941814; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1652940323753761Cactus forage can be used as a food alternative for ruminants in the Semi - arid region of Brazil, however, there are few researches related to potassic fertilization in the semi - arid environment and the morphological and productive responses of the cactus forage submitted to potassium fertilization. The objective was to evaluate the agronomic performance of forage palm clones submitted to different levels of potassium fertilization in a semi-arid environment. The experiment was conducted at the Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco / UniversidadeEstadual de Serra Talhada- UAST, in Serra Talhada-PE, during the period from December 2017 to December 2018. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design in a 5x2 factorial system ( five potassium levels and two palm clones) with three replicates. Two genotypes of forage palm, the Orelha de Elefante Mexicana (Opuntia stricta (Haw.) Haw.) And Docemiúda (Nopalea cochenillifera Salm. Dyck), were submitted to different doses of potassium (0, 250, 500, 750, 1000 kg of K2O ha-1). Morphometric evaluations (plant height, cladode number, length, width and thickness of cladodium) and of green and dry matter production were performed at six months and at 12 months of cultivation. The variables, plant height at six and 12 months of age, did not showItem Caracterização morfométrica e ocupação do solo como instrumentos de análise da bacia do Açude Cachoeira I(2019-12-12) Santos, Antonio Genessis Bezerra dos; Bezerra, Alan Cezar; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3690303625468223; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2480364080452279In large urban centers, with high population density, requires a higher demand for water. Problems generated by the decrease in water quantity and quality, together with climate change, have made the physical and biotic characteristics of the basin more evident, aiming to improve the analysis of these water problems, improving the use for human supply. Thus, the study sought to determine the morphometry and changes in land use and occupation over the watershed. The use of Digital Elevation Models (DEM), processed in Quantum GIS software (QGIS) with the aid of TauDEM hydrological analysis complement provides the calculations of the morphometric parameters: Compactness Coefficient, Form Factor, Drainage Density Index, main river (km / km), Winding Index (%) and Concentration Time (h), plus ground cover obtained from MAPBIOMAS data. The data obtained show that the Cachoeira II reservoir presents no flood risks because it has an elongated shape, the predominance of the relief is wavy and lightly hilly, the main river presents low winding which causes a higher flow velocity. In addition, the natural vegetation has decreased in the basin, which may cause erosion and sediment transport, as well as a decrease in the waters of the reservoir to supply the city of Serra Talhada -PE.Item Evapotranspiração e coeficiente de cultura da palma forrageira: análise comparativa de cultivos sem e com o uso de cobertura morta(2018) Alves, Hygor Kristoph Muniz Nunes; Silva, Thieres George Freire da; Jardim, Alexandre Maniçoba da Rosa Ferraz; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9981205244282499; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0213450385240546; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4208743875293068Due to long periods of drought and the effects of climatic changes in the Brazilian semi-arid region, it is of great importance to use management that will circumvent these impacts in the rural environment. The use of plants tolerant to water deficit and the use of supplementary irrigation may be an alternative, where for good irrigation water management practice it is necessary to know the water requirement of the crop, evapotranspiration and the crop coefficient for conditions. Soil water balance is a technique that helps in the measurement of these components. Thus, the objective of this study is to quantify the evapotranspiration and the forage cactus cultivation coefficient in crops without and with the use of mulch in the semi-arid region of Pernambuco. The experiment was carried out at the Experimental Station Lauro Ramos Bezerra, belonging to the Agronomic Institute of Pernambuco - IPA, municipality of Serra Talhada-PE, from November 2014 to November 2015. The clone used was Opuntiastricta, submitted to four slides of irrigation (25, 50, 75 and 100%) based on reference evapotranspiration plus rainfed condition, and two cropping systems (without and with mulch). The experimental design was arranged in randomized blocks, in the factorial arrangement 5x2, in four replications, where the slices represented the plots, and the cropping systems, the subplots. Over time the soil moisture was monitored. The water balance method was applied in 14-day intervals, totalizing 21 periods, which was composed of evapotranspiration (ET), precipitation (P), irrigation (I), runoff (R), vertical flow of water in the soil (Q) and variation of soil water storage (Δh). The components of the water balance were integrated and compared between the treatments within each period, applying them to the tests of normality and homoscedasticity, and once significant, the analysis of variance, if necessary, the Tukey test (5%). The irrigation events added to precipitation during the 21 periods was 764.76 mm, with the months between August and November 2015 presenting the highest values of ETo (6.18 mm). There was no difference in the components of the vertical flow of water in the soil, capillary ascension and deep drainage (CA and DP, in this order) when compared to the systems of cultivation without and with mulch over the soil. When the crop evapotranspiration (ETc) was evaluated, a significant difference was observed only for periods 10, 18, 20 and 21. The ETc accumulated for both systems was -782.01 and -771.19 (SC and CC, in this order). The highest mean ETc value corresponded to periods 6 (10-Apr-2015) for the two SC and CC systems, with averages of (-5.06 and -4.75, respectively). For the crop coefficient (kc) only the periods 10,18, 20 and 21 were significant (p <0.05), the mean values of kc for the two systems were 0.57 and 0.56 (SC and CC, in this order). The use of mulching improved the conditions of forage cactus cultivation, although it did not present a difference in water consumption, providing close kc values.