Navegando por Assunto "Precarização do trabalho"

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Comparação entre as atividades terceirizáveis em Pernambuco e na região Nordeste
(2023-09-05) Silva, Joab da; Gomes, Sónia Maria Fonseca Pereira Oliveira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9795791528582607
Outsourcing is a subject that has been widely discussed in Brazil by specialists, mainly due to the changes that have occurred year after year, and, mainly since the biggest one, the Labor Reform of 2017. On one side of the spectrum is the employer , which tends to be in favor of changes and, on the other hand, the employee who does not seem to be in favor of the process since he envisions the loss of rights and the precariousness of working conditions. The objective of this work is to analyze whether workers who work in outsourced activities face worse working conditions and their probable consequences for their lives. In this sense, a comparative analysis is carried out between Pernambuco and the Northeast Region in order to find out whether workers who are in activities subject to outsourcing face worse conditions in their respective workplaces when compared to other workers. For that, it is based on the bibliographic survey and the use of secondary data that could present the situation of these two geographic units, a series of indicators commonly used to portray the precariousness of labor relations. The results found seem to indicate, initially, a list of outsourced occupations, usually those related to activities with a low level of education and low pay. There is an increase in the number of jobs generated in the two geographic units (3.55% in Pernambuco and 4.11% in the Northeast) and an increase in the balance of dismissals between 2018 and 2019 (5.20% in Pernambuco and 4 .78% in the Northeast), this last result can be explained by the high job turnover. In addition, as shown by the CAGED data (2018 and 2019), the concentration of the balances of jobs generated occurs in the secondary education categories, with the highest percentage and incomplete primary education regardless. And this behavior is repeated for all years of the sample. Furthermore, the percentage of participation in all educational categories remains stable over time. It is also noted that there is a greater movement of employment among non-outsourced workers than among outsourced workers, both in the Northeast and in Pernambuco. And in terms of average salary, jobs employed in outsourced activities in Pernambuco had an average salary higher than that of the Northeast Region by 3.18%. Note that the turnover rate is higher among outsourced workers and this is true for all years in the sample. With regard to length of employment, over the years there has been a slight oscillation of the indicator among outsourced workers and data indicate that length of employment among outsourced workers is slightly higher than that of nonoutsourced workers.
O estado da arte dos riscos laborais oriundos da terceirização
(2021-07-23) Silva, Luís Sérgio Alves; Coelho Júnior, Álvaro Furtado; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1248468009730949
In the last four decades, Brazil and other Latin American countries have experienced flexibility in labor legislation. Based on studies carried out by IPEA – Institute for Applied Economic Research, outsourcing as a socioeconomic phenomenon has had serious repercussions for the economy, health and well-being of the working class. The present work aims to contribute to the theoretical-epistemic discussion with a view to characterizing it and highlighting it in the political agenda for its debate and confrontation. By analyzing the effects of outsourcing in Latin America as a whole, it was possible to evidence different nuances in the time of implementation and in the ways of flexibilization of the workforce. The surveys reviewed report that this phenomenon was favored by: the decentralization of the productive force, the demographic explosion; the growing urbanization, the phenomenon of competitiveness and the flexibilization of the labor force that led to the precariousness of work. In this sense, the labor repercussions such as: the breakdown of the social group and its fragmentation into several employers of former employees of client companies competitive revolution with an increase in unpaid working hours; and the instability of employment, bringing a precarious life to the worker, high morbidity and disability, and an increase in health care costs for both the worker and the State.
Informalidade nos trilhos: jovens trabalhadores no metrô do Recife
(2019) Carneiro Junior, Risael Sybalde; Brito, Paulo Afonso Barbosa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0891943804378064
This monograph starts from the observation that the world of work is structuring of social relations in human societies, therefore, the category of work is important for sociology in its effort to explain social phenomena. During the twentieth century profound changes marked the world of work, we deal specifically with informal work among young people, highlighting the reasons that lead young people to this type of work and raising the hypothesis that they belong to low income, needing complementary sources for family support, while seeking a professional qualification for a more stable job. As a central objective, we define by investigating the causes that lead young people to submit to informal work, which is highly precarious in the Recife subway. The methodological approach was based on qualitative research, through individual semi-structured interviews and field observations, as theoretical references from the founders of sociology to the contemporary authors of the sociology of work, with emphasis on Brazilians Ricardo Antunes and Giovanni Alves, and for youth studies, we focus on Helena Abramo. In conclusion, we demonstrate how the hypothesis was confirmed, however, that the concept and condition of "low income" is insufficient to characterize the daily dynamics and life expectancy of young informal workers.
O mercado de trabalho em mudança? Uma análise bibliométrica da uberização
(2022-09-30) Silva, Tayane Skarllet Pereira Fidelis da; Moraes Filho, Rodolfo Araújo de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6819774946735716
Currently, the increase in speed and access to the internet, online platforms, information georeferencing services and applications have facilitated and shortened the client's access to the product, as well as designated other work models, thus, the emerging concept of Uberization is observed, the result of labor transformations arising from application platforms and their services. Given the relevance of the subject today, the aim of this paper is to analyze how the concept of Uberization manifests itself in the scientific field through bibliometrics, in which research will be outlined in the journals of the consolidated base SCOPUS and presented its directions, case studies, trends and general considerations. It is noted that the theme Uberization as a SCOPUS base is recent dated 2015 with a predominance of research in Brazil and France. Aspects that are related to the theme involve capitalist relations, internet of things, cell phone apps, the study of man(s)/human(s) as workers, artificial intelligence, and its contributions on pandering. It is noticeable that over the years research has focused on the discussion of the concept, comparing it with other definitions and case studies. In the case studies, the perceptions of the workers are studied, and the results point to the precariousness of the work, high routine, low pay (and sometimes financial loss), and reduction of free time and fun for the employees.
Microempreendedor individual: entre a autonomia e a precarização do trabalho
(2024-03-07) Meneses, Lucas Marques; Barros, Marcos André de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3743403239578149; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1147771756469607
O trabalho, sendo um dos pilares de qualquer sociedade, tem na sociologia o seu espaço para estudo e pesquisa, esta monografia tem como objetivo geral esclarecer a relação do trabalhador brasileiro especificamente enquanto identificado como microempreendedor Individual (MEI) com a precarização do trabalho, tendo como problemática o neoliberalismo que se manifesta através da precarização do trabalho, da flexibilização dos direitos trabalhistas, da ideologia do individualismo e da necessidade de uma autonomia que contraditoriamente se manifesta em perda de direitos, dissolução da carreira e do enfraquecimento de uma identidade forte como classe trabalhadora. Usando o método de pesquisa bibliográfica e análise de dados, é apresentada uma perspectiva do trabalhador brasileiro desde o Brasil colônia até à contemporaneidade, destacando os regimes de trabalho ao longo da história no Brasil e suas respectivas legislações, tendo como conclusão a comprovação da hipótese de que o MEI, ao invés de ser uma solução para o desemprego é, na verdade, uma legitimação da precarização do trabalho.
Terceirização e precarização do trabalho em Pernambuco: uma análise das condições de trabalho de atividades terceirizáveis entre 2014 e 2019
(2023-09-05) Moura, Marcelo Henrique Barbosa de; Gomes, Sónia Maria Fonseca Pereira Oliveira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9795791528582607
Outsourcing is a phenomenon that has been widely debated in Brazil, both in academic circles and in political and social contexts. Critics of outsourcing argue that it can bring disadvantages to the labor system by somehow contributing to labor precariousness, the loss of labor rights, as well as an increase in workplace accidents and occupational diseases. They also question the legality and morality of outsourcing core activities, which may constitute a way to circumvent employment relationships and labor obligations. This monograph aims to investigate the relationship between outsourcing and labor precariousness in Pernambuco, considering the hypothesis that outsourcing can harm jobs and weaken them. To do so, a methodology of bibliographic analysis and secondary data was used, allowing for a historical and theoretical overview of outsourcing in Brazil and worldwide, as well as an empirical analysis of occupations and activities that are typically outsourced, the occupational and salary profile of outsourced workers, and the situation of work absences due to accidents or illnesses. It was found that for workers engaged in activities with a higher likelihood of outsourcing, the outsourcing process appear to have brought disadvantages such as labor conditions precariousness and may have contributed in some way to wage inequality, in addition to indicating greater exposure to instability and insecurity for workers engaged in those activities.
Trabalho análogo ao escravo no Brasil no século XXI: causas, desafios e permanências. Especificidades na região Nordeste de 2019 a 2023
(2025-03-20) Freitas, Geovania Maria; Faria, Maurício Sardá de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1513772085737367
A presente monografia tem por objetivo analisar e entender as causas da permanência do trabalho análogo ao escravo no Brasil, em pleno século XXI. Procurou-se investigar quais os desafios que se apresentam nas ações de combate ao aumento comprovado de registros de casos no período de 2019 a 2023, e as especificidades na região Nordeste, verificados na “Lista Suja” do Ministério do Trabalho e Emprego – MTE. Optou-se por uma pesquisa qualitativa, procurando compreender o sentido mais geral do fenômeno. Na primeira parte do texto, buscou-se compreender a herança histórica do trabalho análogo ao escravo no país, bem como a estrutura utilizada acerca das políticas implementadas para quebrar o ciclo vicioso desta prática. O trabalho análogo ao escravo prejudica os mais vulneráveis, que têm a pobreza e a baixa escolaridade como elo entre a oferta e a aceitação, mediante falsas promessas, dessa condição. No segundo momento da monografia, procuramos compreender a natureza concreta do trabalho escravo no Brasil, o delineamento da política pública de combate ao fenômeno e os desafios atuais. De abordagem qualitativa, através de roteiro aplicado em entrevistas semiestruturadas a dois auditores fiscais do Ministério do Trabalho e Emprego, do Rio de Janeiro e do Ceará, consecutivamente, que operaram no Grupo Especial Móvel de Fiscalização e Combate ao Trabalho Análogo ao Escravo, assim como estudo de matérias jornalísticas, artigos, processos judiciais, filme e literatura de autores clássicos e contemporâneos com ligação com a temática. Com base nos levantamentos teóricos e análise de dados coletados, foi possível compreender que a permanência do trabalho análogo ao escravo no Brasil, no século XXI, tem como pressuposto a existência da pobreza e da baixa escolaridade. Além disso, constatou-se a necessidade de intensificação ao combate sistemático, que já vem sendo empreendido, de leis mais duras e periodicamente revisadas, assim como investimentos na economia geradora de emprego e na educação.
Uberização e economia de plataforma: um diálogo com a reforma trabalhista e a reestruturação produtiva
(2023-04-27) Bezerra Júnior, Cícero Francisco; Leitão, Maria do Rosário de Fátima Andrade; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8086721690207482; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5457109507572863
This article discusses the process of precarious labor and labor relations that have been increasing since the labor reform implemented by the then Michel Temer government in 2017. A process based on the neoliberal context and productive restructuring based on the paradigm of informational capitalism. The analysis of the implementation process of this new work logic is based on the beginnings of neoliberalism, on its implementation in the global context, on the way it impacted the political-economic dynamics of Brazil. A long way to reach the new working models typical of the relationship between financial capital and information technologies capable of forming wealth generation networks. The methodology is qualitative, the main source of research was the review of the scientific literature, especially from the database of the Brazilian Portal of Publications and Scientific Data in Open Access (Oasis) and other academic publication sites. One of the main concepts that supported the problematization is informational capitalism and its origins in the process of restructuring capitalism within the neoliberal process. The concepts of uberization and platform economy that permeate the new work dynamics in the service sector that have been rising within the context of work automation and deregulation were also problematized. The exploratory study focused on raising questions regarding the process of precarious work and denial of wages as the new rule of labor relations after the 2017 labor reform, which aimed to meet the designs of international financial capital to attract investments that, in practice, generate uneven development and encourage income concentration
Uma nova subjetividade: princípios neoliberais nos trabalhadores de plataformas digitais
(2023-04-24) Noia, Mylena Galdino de Paula; Paula Júnior, Josias Vicente de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8013351027708968; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6889058934615242
Na sociedade contemporânea, marcada pelo capitalismo flexível e por políticas econômicas de cunho neoliberal, vive-se uma significativa queda do emprego e constantes reorganizações no mundo do trabalho, o que faz com que cresça, cada dia mais, o número de trabalhos precarizados e, consequentemente, o número de trabalhadores que são destituídos de qualquer direito trabalhista. Junto a essas mudanças políticas, há o rápido e constante avanço tecnológico que, a seu modo, modifica as formas de viver e de trabalhar, reorganizando também, a sociedade e o mundo laboral. Imbricada nas políticas econômicas e no avanço tecnológico, está a consolidação de princípios presentes na ideologia neoliberal, em que os indivíduos precisam ser flexíveis, ter iniciativa e estar constantemente preparados para correr riscos e competir uns com os outros. Com isso, uma nova subjetividade é moldada, mostrando que a ideologia que sustenta os direcionamentos econômicos está entrelaçada na construção da visão de mundo dos indivíduos. Deste modo, a presente pesquisa busca entender como os princípios, normas e conceitos neoliberais são vistos, entendidos e reproduzidos pelos trabalhadores de plataformas de delivery e trabalhadores de plataformas de mobilidade, tentando mapear quais conceitos da chamada “racionalidade neoliberal” norteiam a visão laboral desses trabalhadores e, por fim, buscando comparar as visões e experiências dos motoristas e motoboys entrevistados.
Um vislumbre da precarização: refletindo as relações de trabalho em call center no Recife
(2023-09-21) Santos, Luana Rayza da Silva; Faria, Maurício Sardá de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1513772085737367; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0788540094022430
This research appears as a contribution to the field of study of the sociology of work by seeking to reflect on the mutations and precariousness attributed to work relations in the capitalist scenario, taking as a reference for reflection the relations disseminated in call center companies and their implications for well-being of the workers. The present work aims to understand the work relationships established in call centers and what their consequences are on the quality of life of its workers. For this purpose, this research initially focused on situating the theoretical framework of this work, understanding the meanings of work throughout the history, the labor relations established in capitalism and the new labor relations with a focus on understanding their consequences on the well-being of workers. Regarding methodology, a qualitative methodological approach was used. For data collection, a systematic literature review and semi-structured interviews were carried out. As an analysis technique, content analysis was used. The results highlight an environment of extreme stress, control and coercion in search of results. It is concluded, therefore, that this research has a social impact by giving voice to a class of workers in extremely precarious situations, who suffer from the most diverse types of violence in their work environment on a daily basis.