Zootecnia (Sede)
URI permanente desta comunidadehttps://arandu.ufrpe.br/handle/123456789/28
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Item Efeito do gérmen de milho e palma forrageira (Opuntia stricta (Haw.) Haw) sobre o balanço de nitrogênio em pequenos ruminantes(2025-07-25) Venceslau, João Pedro Ferreira; Santos, Kelly Cristina dos; Silva, Matheus Henrique de Andrade; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8010696260862743; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2524411604638619; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8106264071046384Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito da utilização do gérmen integral extragordo de milho (GIEM) e da palma Orelha de Elefante Mexicana (POEM) sobre o balanço de nitrogênio em pequenos ruminantes. O experimento foi realizado no Departamento de Zootecnia da Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, localizada na cidade de Recife. Foram utilizados quatro ovinos e quatro caprinos, sem raça definida, machos, castrados, fistulados e canulados no rúmen, com peso corporal médio de 38 ± 6,4 kg e 35 ± 3,9 kg, respectivamente. O experimento foi conduzido em dois quadrados latinos 4x4 em esquema fatorial 2x4, com período experimental de 88 dias, divididos em quatro períodos experimentais com 14 dias de adaptação e 8 dias de coleta de dados e amostras. As dietas foram compostas por volumoso à base de feno de capim Tifton 85 e palma forrageira e um concentrado composto por milho moído, farelo de soja, sal comum, mistura mineral, e gérmen de milho, com relação volumoso:concentrado de 60:40. Os tratamentos envolveram quatro dietas experimentais: CONT (sem POEM e sem gérmen), GIEM (com gérmen, sem POEM), POEM (com POEM, sem gérmen) e GIEM+POEM (com POEM e gérmen). O consumo dos nutrientes foi obtido pela diferença entre a quantidade ofertada e as sobras nos comedouros. A coleta total de urina e fezes foram realizadas do 17° ao 19° dia de cada período experimental para avaliação da excreção e determinação de nitrogênio e nitrogênio ureico urinário (NUU). No 20º dia foi realizado a coleta de sague para determinação do nitrogênio ureico plasmático (NUP). Observou-se efeito significativo (P<0,05) dos tratamentos sobre o consumo de matéria seca (CMS), consumo total de nitrogênio, excreção de nitrogênio via urina, N absorvido, N retido, NUP e NUU. Não foram observadas diferenças significativas (P>0,05) entre espécies ou da interação entre espécie e tratamento para a excreção fecal, excreção total e balanço de nitrogênio. Os animais alimentados com a dieta contendo GIEM + POEM tiveram maior (P<0,05) CMS, sendo 27,7% maior que o consumo observado pelos animais alimentados com a dieta GIEM. O consumo de N, o N absorvido, e o N retido acompanharam o mesmo comportamento. Em relação a excreção de nitrogênio via urina, os animais consumindo os tratamentos GIEM+POEM e GIEM, tiveram excreção 34% menor, quando comparado àqueles que consumiram as dietas CONT e POEM. As maiores (P<0,05) concentrações de NUP foram observadas nos animais alimentados com a dieta CONT, 34% a mais que os animais que receberam a dieta GIEM+POEM, o mesmo padrão foi observado para o NUU, com menor concentração também nos animais consumindo a dieta GIEM+POEM, apresentando 50% a menos em comparação os alimentados com a dieta CONT. Os resultados apontam que a palma forrageira Orelha de Elefante Mexicana associada ou não ao gérmen integral extragordo de milho aumentou o consumo de matéria seca e nitrogênio, além de aumentar a absorção e retenção de nitrogênio pelos animais.Item Balanço e eficiência de utilização de compostos nitrogenados em pequenos ruminantes alimentados com resíduo da indústria de doces/sucos em substituição ao milho(2021-12-03) Carone, Guilherme Morais; Véras, Antonia Sherlânea Chaves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0074248045711399; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8358713370948321Goats and sheep breeding are extremely important activities for Brazil’s Northeastern region, because it is where most of these animal are. Being important not only for maintaining the rural population, but also being their main source of income. The nitrogen balance is the difference between the amount of nitrogen ingested and excreted via feces and urine. The evaluation of the nitrogen utilization is an important information to base the discussion about nutritional requirements for maintenance and production. The experimental design was a double latin square 4 x 4, each one composed by one species. The experiment lasted for 88 days (four periods of 22 days each), being each of them composed by 14 days of adaption to the diet and eight days of data collect. For this experiment there were used four male goats and four male sheep, all of them were castrated and had a rumen fistula. Their average initial weight was 70,1 kg ± 0,51 e 63,5 kg ± 1,08, for sheep and goats, respectively. The animals were fed twice a day in form of complete ration at 8 a.m. and 4 p.m., adjusted daily in function of the animal’s intake with a margin of 10 and 15% of leftovers. The samples of diets and leftovers were pre-dried in a forced ventilation oven at a temperature of 55 ± 5 ºC, for 72 hours; subsequently, they were ground in a 1 mm sieve strainer, for analysis regarding the dry matter and nitrogen contents. Variables were evaluated using analysis of variance and regression using the SAS PROC MIXED. All diets had a positive nitrogen balance, which indicates that the replacement of corn by RID did not significantly influence nitrogen digestion and the diets met the N requirements. It is noted that there was a significant difference (P < 0.05) in N intake and the amount of N in feces between species, being higher in sheep. The concentration of N-Ureic in blood plasma was influenced (P < 0.05) by the treatment, with a decreasing linear effect with the replacement of corn by the mixture of RID + FGM.Item Retenção de nitrogênio em ovinos alimentados com concentrações oscilantes de proteína bruta na dieta(2019-06-19) Santos, Caio Cesar Carneiro dos; Monnerat, João Paulo Ismério dos Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3851426263880079; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5344836037229833The objective of this study was to evaluate the intake, digestibility and impact of the daily oscillation of protein protein concentrations in sheep on the plasma content of N-ureic, aminotransferases, and serum sheep proteins, testing the hypothesis that the higher nitrogen retention ruminants submitted to diets with oscillating concentrations of crude protein (CP) may be attributed to increased urea recycling during the period when diets are low in CP. For the experiment, four uncastrated sheep, with a mean of 20 kg of live weight, were distributed in a 4X4 Latin square design. The experimental treatments were: No protein restriction (Control); restriction every 24 hours (T-24); restriction every 48 hours (T-48); and with restriction (TRestri). No significant effect (p> 0.005) was observed between the experimental treatments for the consumption variables: MS, MO, NDT, EE, NDF, CNF. However, for the CP consumption, the Control, T-24 and T-48 treatments did not provide a significant difference in consumption, however, the animals submitted to the T-Restri treatment showed differences in the other treatments, with lower CP consumption. As for the digestibility, the T-48 treatment (75.23) was superior to the Control (74.07) and T-Restri (70.44) diets, while the T-24 diet was intermediate between Control and T -48. The T-Restri treatment had lower digestibility than the others, resulting from the lower CP intake found for this treatment. For Nitrogen consumption, there was no significant difference between Control, T-24 and T48 treatments. However, for Nitrogen in the urine, greater excretion was observed for the animals of the T-48 treatment, whereas the Control was intermediate between T-24 and T-48. There was no significant effect among treatments for nitrogen in the faeces. For the variables of N-ureic, minotransferases and serum proteins , there was no significant effect (p> 0.005) among experimental treatments. It is concluded with this work that the oscillating supply of crude protein does not influence the retention of nitrogen, demonstrating a retention pattern similar to the daily supply that meets the protein requirement in its totality.