Engenharia Florestal (Sede)
URI permanente desta comunidadehttps://arandu.ufrpe.br/handle/123456789/15
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APP - Artigo Publicado em Periódico
TAE - Trabalho Apresentado em Evento
TCC - Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso
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Resultados da Pesquisa
Item Distribuição espacial da fauna edáfica em topossequência sobre um remanescente de floresta ombrófila densa em Pernambuco(2024-09-27) Santana, Augusto Guilherme Caldas de; Lima, Tarcísio Viana de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0814281560377954Soil is considered a fundamental component as it induces the dynamic processes that shape the growth and development of the biological heritage of different terrestrial ecosystems. This biotic structure is represented by plants, animals, microorganisms, and soil fauna. In the specific case of soil fauna, there is significant morphological and functional diversity among these organisms, which are classified according to their respective sizes or body diameters and the ecological roles they play in the soil. Therefore, the objective of this work was to diagnose and evaluate the spatial distribution of soil fauna over a remnant of Dense Ombrophilous Forest, according to its toposequential exposure. The studies were conducted at Dois Irmãos State Park (Pedi), Recife-PE, at two moments: the rainy season (August) and the dry season (January). To carry out the activities, the vegetational cover was divided into three thirds (lower, middle, and upper), where simple samples of leaf litter and soil were collected to a depth of 5 cm. These materials were sent to the Forest Defense Laboratory at the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE) for manual sorting, initially of the macrofauna and then of the mesofauna, using Berlese-Tüllgren funnels to evaluate ecological structural characteristics. For data analysis, the ecological indices of Shannon-Weaver, Pielou, and Simpson were applied, with results showing a higher abundance of individuals in the lower third and in the leaf litter layer during the rainy season, with a predominance of the order Hymenoptera, but greater species richness in the upper third, indicating higher diversity in the leaf litter of this section. The dry season had more individuals than the rainy season, suggesting that the action of rain influences density in the different thirds of the toposequence, with greater accumulation in the lower third due to its lower altitude. The ecological indices indicated that the highest diversity is concentrated in the leaf litter of the upper third, as observed in the rainy season. Microclimatic data showed higher temperatures in the upper third, providing further support for the greater diversity present there. Hymenoptera was the taxonomic group with the highest presence in both periods, followed by Blattodea, Araneae, Chilopoda, and Coleoptera. The cluster analysis demonstrated that the dry season had greater similarity among the thirds, considering leaf litter and soil, than the rainy season.Item Diversidade de invertebrados do solo em sistema agroflorestal e diferentes ambientes sucessionais em floresta ombrófila densa(2024-02-16) Souza, João Matheus Ferreira de; Gonçalves, Maria da Penha Moreira; Almeida, Débora de Melo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9795066247076929; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0539509819672370; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7784879810259175Studies on soil fertility and soil fauna diversity in agroforestry systems are of fundamental importance to prove the efficiency of these sustainable production models associated with the recovery of degraded areas. This work aims to evaluate correlations between soil fauna diversity and soil fertility in an agroforestry system and areas of native forest at initial and intermediate stages of forest succession. The study was conducted in the campus area of the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, located in the Metropolitan Region of Recife, Pernambuco. Three sites with different land use histories were used: an area at an intermediate stage of forest succession (A1), a 3-year-old agroforestry system (A2), and an area at an initial stage of forest succession (A3). Pitfall traps were used to capture the soil invertebrate community. The captured organisms were identified, classified into taxa, and subsequently sent for analysis. Soil collection covered the 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm layers in each study area. The samples underwent chemical analysis. Data on soil meso- and macrofauna were used to calculate abundance, relative frequency, richness, Pielou's evenness indices, Shannon's diversity, and Simpson's diversity. Hill's true diversity components (qD) were estimated for each environment. Data analysis also included exploratory analysis with NMDS, permutational multivariate analysis of variance (PERMANOVA), Pearson correlation matrix, agglomerative hierarchical clustering analysis (HAC), principal component analysis (PCA), and Canonical Correlation Analysis (CCA). A total of 2,232 individuals distributed in 18 taxonomic groups were identified. Overall, regardless of land use, the most representative groups were Hymenoptera: Formicidae (37.46%), Acarina (21.10%), Collembola (15.86%), and Diptera (9.68%). Together, these groups represented 84% of the individuals collected in this study. The agroforestry area showed greater richness, the area of initial forest succession showed greater abundance in groups, and the area at an intermediate stage of succession showed greater diversity. Although the agroforestry area had greater richness, the estimated diversity was lower compared to the area of initial forest succession. Soil chemical analysis showed differences between the areas, influencing fauna distribution. Similarity in fauna composition was observed between the agroforestry area and the initial forest succession, highlighting the influence of soil chemical attributes on soil fauna. It is concluded that the study of soil fauna has the potential to be used as an indicator of soil quality, as it is sensitive to environmental interference.Item Influência do monocultivo de pau-brasil (Paubrasilia echinata Lam E. Gagnon, H. C. Lima & G. P. Lewis, Fabaceae) na regeneração e fauna edáfica em área de Mata Atlântica de Pernambuco(2023-09-21) Nogueira, Natália Dias Guerra; Gonçalves, Maria da Penha Moreira; Lima, Tarcísio Viana de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0814281560377954; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0539509819672370; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1735222852823675Restoration processes of tropical forests can be conducted through the planting of native species in degraded areas caused by human activities, aiming for the gradual reconstruction of a dynamic and biodiverse ecosystem. However, little is known about the performance of a native species planted in a monocultural model for restoration purposes. Based on this principle, the objective of this research was to assess the influence of the monocultural system with Paubrasilia echinata on the regeneration flora and soil fauna in the understory of a Semideciduous Seasonal Forest environment in Pernambuco. For this purpose, two areas were selected: one in passive restoration with a plantation of Pau-Brasil aged over 50 years (BPB), and an adjacent Native Forest (MN) area used as a control area, both within a protected area of the Tapacurá Ecological Station, an advanced campus of UFRPE. A survey of natural regeneration and soil fauna was conducted as ecological indicators in both areas, with a total of 6 plots measuring 600m² each. For regeneration, tree individuals with a Circumference at Breast Height (CBH) of up to 15cm and a minimum height of 1m were measured, identified to the species level, and classified by origin, dispersal syndrome, and ecological groups. Richness was determined by the species list, and diversity was assessed using Shannon-Weaver Diversity Indices, Simpson's Dominance, and Pielou's Evenness. The species were analyzed both horizontally and in 3 height classes. To evaluate the soil fauna, pitfall traps were used, 9 in each area, the collected organisms were screened and identified, when possible, at order level. The analysis of the edaphic fauna was made through the ANAFAU program, which provides ecological indexes and information on the structure of the community. The results of the ecological indexes of the two indicators were compared by the Hutcheson t test in the PAST program. As a result, in natural regeneration the area of MN presented greater richness and higher values of diversity and equability, while the area of BPB presented higher dominance due to the superior and expressive presence of individuals in regeneration of the species. There was a significant statistical difference for the diversity and dominance of natural regeneration among the studied areas. In both areas it was observed a greater number of zoochoric species and highlight to the ecological group of early secondary. Only in the area of MN there were records of exotic species. Individuals were observed in the three height classes in both areas, being the MN with the highest number of species with this representation. Regarding the edaphic fauna, higher values of abundance in the BPB area and greater richness in the MN area were verified, and the soil fauna diversity was similar between the areas. The orders Collembola, Hymenoptera and Diptera were highlighted for the two areas. The order Orthoptera was found in greater abundance and frequency in the BPB area. Therefore, the monoculture of Brazilwood has been negatively influencing the stratum of natural regeneration in questions of plant diversity and has been affecting the proportion of some groups of soil fauna.