Engenharia Florestal (Sede)
URI permanente desta comunidadehttps://arandu.ufrpe.br/handle/123456789/15
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Resultados da Pesquisa
Item Ácido indolbutírico na miniestaquia de Libidibia ferrea (Mart. Ex Tul) L. P. Queiroz(2019-12-05) Bitú, Igor de Souza; Gallo, Ricardo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5160912065817980; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7509246923358247The pau-ferro, Libidibia ferrorea (Mart. Ex Tul.) L.P. Queiroz, a tree native to Brazil, is found in the Caatinga, the Cerrado and the Atlantic Forest. In the Northeast region it has several uses, from energy (firewood and charcoal), to construction, fences, forage and medicine. Its seeds present dormancy that must be broken by scarification if a germination above 50% is desired, justifying the use of the seedling production process by mini-cutting. Thus, the objective of this work evaluate the viability of vegetative propagation for species and to define a concentration of indolbutyric acid for future evaluations. The evaluations were carried out in the nursery of the forest science department of the Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE) in Recife, where a seminal clonal garden was set up to obtain the cuttings that would be tested for the influence of the use of indolbutyric acid (IBA) in the rooting of the species. The experiment was conducted for a period of 100 days in order to observe its development in 3 phases, house of vegetation (40 days), where the mortality of cuttings, presence of sprouting, vigor of sprouts and the presence of root at the bottom of the tubetes, house of shade (35 days), where the mortality of cuttings was evaluated, sprouting, vigor of the shoot, presence of root at the bottom of the tube, number of leaves and size of the shoot, and full sun (25 days), where the abscission of leaves, emission of leaves, presence and size of the shoots, formation of callus, number of roots, size of the largest root, volume of root and dry mass of the aerial part, the root and the most callus root were evaluated. After the end of the experiment and the evaluation of its trends and the derivation of its equations, it was concluded that Libidibia ferrea (Mart. Ex Tul.) L. P. Queiroz has enormous potential for vegetative propagation, where the average survival at the end of 100 days was almost 70% and that the dosage of 4000 mg L-1 of IBA is the most indicated to help in the rooting of its cuttings.Item Descrição do método construtivo e das espécies mais utilizadas na construção naval tradicional no litoral sul pernambucano(2019-12-13) Vasconcelos, Teylor Moura de; Nogueira, Marcelo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2791448000405507; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1146968481041111Traditional boats are directly linked to the history of Brazil and its riverside communities. The traditional shipbuilding industry is one of the most important commercial activities in the world. The wood has excellent physical and mechanical properties and because it is a renewable material stands out among the materials that can be used in shipbuilding, taking into account the scarcity of non-renewable mineral resources. Based on this premise, this study aims to identify the wood and describe the construction method and the identification of the wood used in the fabrication of structural parts of traditional fishing vessels in the southern coast of Pernambuco. For the development of the activity will be interviewed naval carpenters, focused on the techniques of construction of wood pieces, which make up the structural and aesthetic set of the vessels, and the identification of the most used species. The analysis will be conducted considering that, in the traditional form of vessel construction, maintenance is performed every six months, due to the intrinsic characteristics of the wood, changes in the composition of the structure of the piece such as presence of xylophagous agents (fungi, termites and drills), drying defects (cracking, crushing, presence of knots). The project seeks to qualify naval heritage, a threatened segment of Brazilian heritage due to the significant loss of traditional vessels, human knowledge associated with them, knowledge about raw materials extracted from forests and their production techniques, to the detriment of new technologies and materials for naval production and also the social and environmental degradation of the traditional riverside communities of the southern Pernambuco coast. Currently using only four species: Pequiá (Caryocar villosum), Louro vermelho (Nectandra rubra), Sucupira Preta (Bowdichia virgilioides), Jaqueira (Artocarpus heterophyllus).Item Uso de espécies florestais na fitorremediação do solo contaminado por cádmio(2019-07-17) Veloso, Aline da Silva; Marangon, Luiz Carlos; Silva, Fernando Bruno Vieira da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4818569008052606; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6130999923981614; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1011075155653039Cadmium (Cd) contamination of soils represents a potential risk to human and environmental health. The use of forest species as a metal phytoremediator can be an economically and ecologically sustainable choice when associated with silicate fertilization, which will alleviate metal toxicity to plants. In this sense, the study aimed to evaluate: the tolerance of two forest species (Casearia sylvestris Swartz and Machaerium aculeatum Raddi) cultivated in a soil contaminated by Cd and submitted to silicate adduction; bioaccumulation and distribution of Cd and Si, as well as changes in plant nutritional status. The experiment will be carried out in a greenhouse in a completely randomized design in a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement (two forest species: M. aculeatum and C. sylvestris; combined with 0.0 and 200.0 mg kg-1 Si). with three repetitions. The soil used in the experiment was collected at a depth of 0.0 - 0.2 m and characterized chemically and physically. The soils were weighed 9 kg for each pot. Soil contamination was induced with CdCl2.H2O above 10.0 mg kg. Subsequently, they were treated with Si as calcium silicate and then a seedling of each species was transplanted to each pot. The experiment was collected after four months of transplantation. The seedlings were collected and separated in shoots and roots; soil samples were also collected. Soils and plants were extracted and the contents of Cd and Si were determined; In the vegetal tissues the contents of N, P, K, Ca and Mg were determined. The results were submitted to descriptive statistical analysis, ANOVA (one way p <0.05) and Tukey test (p <0.05). The results showed that M. aculeatum presented better tolerance to Cd and when associated with Si obtained higher root biomass and better nutritional status, as well as Si influenced the translocation of Cd to shoot. Although Cd bioaccumulation was more significant in C. syvestris, its development was affected by biomass loss and poorer nutritional status. The distribution of Cd in both species presented the highest concentration in the root. Evaluating the best yield and biomass results, tolerance and nutritional status, M.aculeatum demonstrated potential as a phytostabilizer of cadmium contaminated soil.Item Carbonização e análise imediata do carvão vegetal da madeira de Mimosa caesalpiniaefolia Benth e Cupania racemose (Vell.) Radlk(2018-03-01) Gonçalves, Caio Pedro da Silveira; Nogueira, Marcelo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2791448000405507This paper had the objective of determining the gravimetric yield of the carbonization of Mimosa caesalpiniaefolia and Cupania racemose for charcoal characterization of the wood of these species and indicate the most viable for use as fuel. For the study, six individuals from Mimosa caesalpiniaefolia Benth and six from Cupania Racemosa (Vell.) Radlk were collected at the Pedra Bonita site in Chã-grande, PE, Brazil. The individuals were sectioned in disks along the shaft and later, chips of dimensions 49 x 20 x 4 mm were made along the trunk. The chips were homogenized, comminuted, quarteted and transported to the Forest Technology Laboratory of the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco. Each carbonization was conducted in a total time of 210 minutes at a maximum temperature of 460 ± 10 ° C in a temperature-controlled muffle type oven, rate of 1.4 °C/min after the first hour. NBR 8112/1986 was used, which prescribes the method for the immediate analysis of charcoal. In addition to the NBR, the immediate analysis was conducted according to an adaptation from CETEC (1982) to ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) standards. The basic density found for Mimosa caesalpiniaefolia and Cupania racemose was, respectively, 0.87 and 0.83 g / cm 3. The values of ash, volatile matter content, fixed carbon and gravimetric yield for the Sabiá were 1.74%, 46.89%, 44.49% and 44.34%, respectively; and for the Cabotã was 0.25%, 55.26%, 51.36% and 44.12%, respectively. Therefore, both the charcoal coming from Mimosa caesalpiniaefolia and from Cupania racemos have satisfactory characteristics for energy purposes. However, in comparison among the species studied, Cupania racemosa is the most suitable for use as fuel.Item Influência da taxa de aquecimento na produção do carvão da madeira de Eucalyptus spp(2019-07-12) Interaminense, Pedro Paulo Barros; Braz, Rafael Leite; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7332493832361305; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7774231489365848This work aims to evaluate two carbonization marches and the fresh material collected in a Eucalyptus stand, located in Araripina - PE, in the northeastern backlands, using several clones who being homogenized to evaluate the practices. The Eucalyptus' samples were transformed into chips and underwent a drying process in an oven regulated at 65ºC ± 5ºC for 48-72 hours, until they reached constant weight, obtaining the moisture content and bulk density. Part of the biomass was intended for immediate chemical analysis and to estimate the superior calorific value, and the rest was used to the carbonization process. The gravimetric yield, immediate chemical analysis, and estimation of the superior calorific value of the charcoal produced were determined. Regarding the immediate chemistry analysis, it was possible to observe the reduction of volatile material contents and increase of fixed carbon after the carbonization process. The estimated calorific value was 4357.35 kcal.kg-1 for the fresh sample and 7220.28 kcal.kg-1 for the first march and the second march, related to the charcoal, was 7265.15 kcal.kg-1. Thereby, the second gear is better to use as charcoal because it has a shorter carbonization time and it has the same quality when compared to the first gear for the variables used.Item Rendimento gravimétrico e análise imediata do carvão vegetal produzido em um protótipo de forno metálico(2019-12-11) Almeida, Drielly Camilla Leal de; Braz, Rafael Leite; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7332493832361305; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8868900725139080Construction waste that is of wood plant origin can and should be reused as raw material for the production of charcoal for domestic use. These forest residues, which are used for power generation, can generate income, and it is also an environmentally sound practice that adds value to activities of little relevance. Carbonization is a process of decomposition of wood that occurs by increasing the temperature resulting in a solid material that is charcoal. In carbonization the vegetable biomass releases water and generates some gases resulting from burning that are mostly lost in the atmosphere. It is important to study the material resulting from carbonization in the use of a better use in energy production. Where this study brings the carbonization efficiency of the plant material characterizing it according to the physical properties that were evaluated: the carbonization yield was 30.76%, wood moisture content averaged 13.19 and coal average. 7.91%, volatile materials 23.12%, ash content 1.61% and fixed carbon 75.27%.Item Determinação da cobertura vegetal de Olinda-PE: um subsídio a gestão florestal urbana(2019-12-03) Lopes, Iran Jorge Corrêa; Lima Neto, Everaldo Marques de; Pessoa, Mayara Maria de Lima; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4721886920195910; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6791561445213969; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3433274611248891Urban sprawl without proper planning create many side effects for its inhabitants, both environmentally and socially. Increasingly, vegetation has been associated to the idea of quality of life, due to the proven benefit it promotes in the urban environment. The objective of this research was to classify the land use of the city of Olinda – PE, as well as to quantify its urban forest. For this, were used remote sensing techniques, with the purpose of generating spatial information that will serve as a basis for urban land use and occupation planning. And so, the urban infrastructure, water, exposed soil, vegetation and cloud classes were identified through the QuantumGIS software with the Maxver supervised classification, with 10 meters resolution SENTINEL – 2 satellite images dated from February of 2018. The urban forest indexes of the city were determined and measured. The county of Olinda presented land use of 6,32% of water, 12,96% exposed soil, 59,86% urban infrastructure, 12,72% of vegetation and 8,14% clouds. The amount of urban forest in the regions was variable, but it was unsatisfactory to promote environmental benefits to the population, except for the rural zone, where is the greater amount of vegetation in the city. It was observed that Olinda is a city with fewer vegetation, compared to some listed in this work. It was possible to realize that the city lacks of creation of green areas and afforestation.Item Potencial das árvores urbanas na regulação hídrica em ruas da cidade do Recife – PE(2019-12-06) Oliveira, Bianka Luise de; Lima Neto, Everaldo Marques de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6791561445213969; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2234337737762536Urban trees have the ability to intercept rainwater through their leaves, surface branches and logs, slowing down the peak flow and reducing runoff. Given this, this study aimed to estimate the potential of water regulation of urban trees in the neighborhood of Graças in Recife - PE with the help of the i-Tree platform to quantify the volume of intercepted water and avoided runoff by trees. A tree inventory was conducted in 4 streets of the neighborhood following the platform models and protocols. The data were entered into the i-Tree Eco v6 program, which aims to quantify and value urban tree ecosystem services. With an intuitive and easy-to-use interface, the program generated reports on interception and avoided runoff at individual and species level, crown health, breast height diameter (DBH) classes, crown area, leaf area, and frequency of species. In 2016, 137 trees intercepted 1,739.8 m³ of rainwater and avoided 355.1 m³ of runoff. The most frequent species were Licania tomentosa (21.17%), Senna siamea (11.68%), Terminalia cattapa (9.49%) and Filicium decipiens (8.03%). Among the most frequent species, L. tomentosa presented the highest total interception and T. catappa presented the highest average interception value of its individuals. The same sequence occurred for the avoided runoff values. The species Lagerstroemia speciosa presented the lowest values of interception and avoided runoff. Most of the individuals of the most frequent species presented crowns in bad and critical conditions. The species L. tomentosa presented larger crown area and volume, followed by T. catappa and S. siamea. The values of interception and avoided runoff showed that they are directly related to the tree area, volume and health of the crown. The results illustrate that the platform is very useful in the study of ecosystem services provided by Brazilians’ cities urban afforestation. Despite some limitations for international projects, the platform works satisfactorily. The products generated by the i-Tree Eco v6 program can assist in the planning and management of urban trees.Item Biossegurança nos laboratórios de pesquisa e práticas do Departamento de Ciência Florestal da Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco(2019-12-03) Lima, Carlos Roberto de; Berger, Rute; Galdino, Rosa Maria Nunes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0318992418792614; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5395827385005105; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2847013832175027To prevent accidents and discarding of residues, as well as the use of suitable equipment to the laboratory, is the main challenge of biosecurity that should be induced on every beginner laboratory users, as well to the “experienced” ones at any activity setup, that utilize a place to prepare activities, which manipulates products or procedures that are dangerous to human, animal and environment health. Objectified analysis of three Research Laboratories utilized to practical classes, two being of computer science and the other the tree nursery from the department of forestry science of Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco – Campus Recife , on the criteria established on norms and work safety laws, Solid Residues and Effluents, as well to evaluate the risks of the activities and to generate a risk map. The methodology included the gathering of processes and activities executed at each laboratory, by each of its respective coordinators and researchers. There were observed problems on the infrastructure and the use of individual and collective safety equipment, the lack of adequate personal training, which requires attention and investments from the State about the biosecurity.Item ICMS Ecológico nas políticas ambientais estaduais(2019-11-28) Costa, Pétala Carvalho Ferreira da; Meunier, Isabelle Maria Jacqueline; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9202793669201466; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3783863960336698It was analyzed how the Brazilian states adopt the ICMS Ecológico, mainly in relation to the criterion of Unidades de Conservação and evaluated how this instrument is being used in Pernambuco. For this, we used documentary and bibliographic research and analysis of statistical data. Different forms of allocation, methodologies and requirements adopted by the states were found, which in most cases do not adopt qualitative criteria for Unidades de Conservação. Named ICMS Socioambiental de Pernambuco for adopting environmental and social criteria, it was found that the management category Área de Proteção Ambiental (APA) allows greater transfer of resources compared to other categories because it has larger areas and Itamaracá is the municipality that collects more in Unidades de Conservação function. Analyze the problems that affect the alocation of resources or the status odopted to obtain qualitative, as well as the influence of ICMS Socioambiental on municipal management.